Autonomous Car using Neural Networks
An autonomous car is a vehicle capable of sensing its environment and operating without human involvement. A human passenger is not required to take control of the vehicle at any time, nor is a human passenger required to be present in the vehicle at all. An autonomous car can go anywhere a traditio
2025-06-28 16:30:31 - Adil Khan
Autonomous Car using Neural Networks
Project Area of Specialization Artificial IntelligenceProject SummaryAn autonomous car is a vehicle capable of sensing its environment and operating without human involvement. A human passenger is not required to take control of the vehicle at any time, nor is a human passenger required to be present in the vehicle at all. An autonomous car can go anywhere a traditional car goes and do everything that an experienced human driver does.
Autonomous cars rely on sensors, actuators, complex algorithms, machine learning systems, and powerful processors to execute software.
Autonomous cars create and maintain a map of their surroundings based on a variety of sensors situated in different parts of the vehicle. Radar sensors monitor the position of nearby vehicles. Video cameras detect traffic lights, read road signs, track other vehicles, and look for pedestrians. Lidar (light detection and ranging) sensors bounce pulses of light off the car’s surroundings to measure distances, detect road edges, and identify lane markings. Ultrasonic sensors in the wheels detect curbs and other vehicles when parking.
Sophisticated software then processes all this sensory input, plots a path, and sends instructions to the car’s actuators, which control acceleration, braking, and steering. Hard-coded rules, obstacle avoidance algorithms, predictive modeling, and object recognition help the software follow traffic rules and navigate obstacles.
Project ObjectivesThe scenarios for convenience and quality-of-life improvements are limitless. The elderly and the physically disabled would have independence. If your kids were at summer camp and forgot their bathing suits and toothbrushes, the car could bring them the missing items. You could even send your dog to a veterinary appointment.
But the real promise of autonomous cars is the potential for dramatically lowering CO2 emissions. In a recent study, experts identified three trends that, if adopted concurrently, would unleash the full potential of autonomous cars: vehicle automation, vehicle electrification, and ridesharing. By 2050, these “three revolutions in urban transportation” could:
- Reduce traffic congestion (30% fewer vehicles on the road)
- Cut transportation costs by 40% (in terms of vehicles, fuel, and infrastructure)
- Improve walkability and livability
- Free up parking lots for other uses (schools, parks, community centers)
- Reduce urban CO2 emissions by 80% worldwid
Autonomous cars will provide vast economic opportunities to the people profiting from them. No other reason is needed.
However autonomous cars will help people with physical limitations travel easier.
The marketing behind them will be to increase safety by using artificial instead of human intelligence to detect objects in the road that should be avoided.
The people selling them will promise an increase in safety while also promising to cover the cost of your funeral when the inevitable repeatable error happens to result in your death.
Instead of relying on human instincts built up over millions of years that ensure self preservation, a computer will be safer.
People argue cell phone use cannot be stopped inside a car and the only way we can avoid people crashing while on the phone is autonomous cars. People argue there is no technology to detect alcohol on a person's breath to prevent the car from starting and the only option is to make autonomous cars. People argue that people are so unintelligent they make rocks look smart and the only solution is autonomous cars.
Making trillions of dollars is as good of a purpose as any other and safety products sell for a premium. When people die from repeatable errors they'll have their funeral paid for and probably some cash to cover the wages their family misses. People die everyday already.
Project Implementation MethodIf autonomous vehicle implementation follows previous vehicle technology patterns it will take one to three decades to dominate vehicle sales, plus one or two more decades to dominate vehicle travel, and even at market saturation it is possible that a significant portion of vehicle traffic will continue to be self-driven, indicated by the dashed lines.
Benefits of the Project 90% reduction in traffic deathsThe United States Department of Transportation (USDOT) predicts that the rise of autonomous cars will see the number of traffic deaths fall drastically. In 2017 it reported 37,133 deaths as a result of vehicle crashes (94% of which are down to human error), so a 90% reduction would save 30,000 lives in a single year.
60% drop in harmful emissionsFewer accidents means less traffic congestion, which means a drop in emissions. But this is not just due to a reduction in accidents. Ohio University's Future of Driving report states that harmful emissions will be reduced by 60% after the advent of autonomous vehicles.
Eliminate stop-and-go waves by 100%Autonomous cars could eliminate the waves of traffic created by stop-and-go behavior (where humans, rather than road accidents, create changes in speeds) according to research the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. This in turn will not only save people time, but decrease the time their cars are on the roads and therefore reduce emissions.
10% improvement in fuel economyRand’s Autonomous Vehicle Technology guide states that autonomous cars will provide a reduction in fuel economy by between 4% and 10%. This is supported by the Ohio University study, which puts a figure of 3.1 billion gallons of fuel as the amount wasted by US drivers each year.
500% increase in lane capacityThe same Rand report also predicts that lane capacity could increase by a staggering 500%. The State Smart Transportation Initiative only puts this figure at 100% (still an impressive increase), which it says in turn could result in a 20% increase in traffic speeds
40% reduction in travel timeUK citizens’ travel time could be reduced by 40%, according to KPMG’s Connected and Autonomous Vehicles – The UK Economic Opportunity. This means a saving of £20bn in increased productivity and better use of time for people who would otherwise have been traveling in vehicles. Meanwhile, in the US, autonomous cars are expected to save workers 80 billion hours lost to commuting, which will save the economy US$1.3tn.
Consumer savings of £5bnIn the UK, according to KPMG, the savings to be had on reduced insurance costs, reduced running costs and parking means the UK consumer market would save £5bn a year.
And there's more. Autonomous cars are also expected to solve the 'last mile problem' (whereby people struggle to travel the final mile between their home and the public transport drop off point) by supplementing public transport , utilizing the reduction in traffic and the autonomous car's ability to find a parking space and park all by itself. Moreover, there is a predicted drop in taxi wait time of 88% when autonomous taxis are used, 15% less space needed for parking and enhanced mobility for seniors in an aging population.
Technical Details of Final DeliverableInternational classifies autonomous vehicles on a scale of 1 to 5.
Arguably, we are currently on the cusp of Level 3. A car at this level has limited autonomous features, such as:
- Advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS).
- Lane-keep-assist (LKA).
- Traffic-jam-assist (TJA).
These vehicles can make informed decisions for themselves, such as a TJA system deciding to overtake slower moving cars. However, humans still need to pay attention to the road as they may be required to take control when the vehicle is unable to execute the task at hand.
Final Deliverable of the Project Hardware SystemCore Industry ITOther Industries Manufacturing , Transportation Core Technology Artificial Intelligence(AI)Other Technologies NeuroTechSustainable Development Goals Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure, Responsible Consumption and ProductionRequired Resources| Item Name | Type | No. of Units | Per Unit Cost (in Rs) | Total (in Rs) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total in (Rs) | 64900 | |||
| raspberry pai 4 kit | Equipment | 1 | 30000 | 30000 |
| arduino kit | Equipment | 1 | 5000 | 5000 |
| car model/chasis | Equipment | 1 | 3500 | 3500 |
| HD camera for raspberry pai | Equipment | 1 | 5300 | 5300 |
| sd card class10 (128gb) | Equipment | 1 | 5800 | 5800 |
| power bank | Equipment | 1 | 2500 | 2500 |
| starter kit jumper wires bread board sensors | Equipment | 1 | 5000 | 5000 |
| electric soldering kit | Equipment | 1 | 2800 | 2800 |
| stationary | Miscellaneous | 1 | 3000 | 3000 |
| hardboard for road (lane assist) & various object for object detection | Equipment | 1 | 2000 | 2000 |