Spheroid Wireless control spherical robot

This work has been proposed on a novel idea i.e reforming the conventional robotic architecture in the form of a sphere that has its own unique advantages.  Humankind has dependably strived to give similar characteristics to its antiquities trying to locate a substitute

Project Title

Spheroid Wireless control spherical robot

Project Area of Specialization

Robotics

Project Summary

This work has been proposed on a novel idea i.e reforming the conventional robotic architecture in the form of a sphere that has its own unique advantages. 

Humankind has dependably strived to give similar characteristics to its antiquities trying to locate a substitute for himself to do his requests and furthermore to work in an unfriendly domain. The well-known idea of a robot is of a machine that looks and work as a person. This humanoid idea has been enlivened by sci-fi stories and movies in the twentieth century. The modern robots of today may not look even a little bit like individual albeit all the exploration is coordinated to give increasingly more human-like highlights and super-human capacities in them. Clever frameworks are being structured and created to perform a deceivingly insignificant activity like picking and getting a handle on that hold incredible essentialness in building up a totally autonomous machine i.e. the advancement of artificial intelligence.

As far as the concept of robotics is concerned, the scope is endless. There is no limit to its field of application. To put it another way, the ultimate aim is, ‘To phase out the role of man’. In the present, robots are employed for carrying out functions such as lifting loads, welding, painting, inspection, medical treatments, unmanned military vehicles and weaponry systems, exploration of space etc. and the field remain saturated.

This project is based on a development and working of a PC controlled wireless monitoring and surveillance operation which involves scanning confined areas where human approach is not possible or even in case of natural disasters or even a terrorist attack or even in case of war.  This reports an insight to the development and working of a wireless mobile vehicle. The vision system of the vehicle is such that it would lead the vehicle through random object contained paths, making it a prime surveillance spy.

Project Objectives

The objective of the proposed project is to design and implement a Spherical Robot that has the following qualities:

• Has an exclusive spherical structure that would allow ease of movement and greater maneuverability with comprehensive real time video transmission.
• Could assist in real time surveillance and monitoring in the digital video format.
• Could have an improved wireless remote control.
• Could consume lesser power allowing the robot to be used for greater time period without the need of recharging.

Project Implementation Method

The Spheroid is composed of a Head and a Body. 

The Body of the Spheroid is a sphere that has the drive mechanism installed in it. The Mechanism is composed of two circular discs connected via a perpendicular pole internally. The controller interfaced with the NRF receiver module and the DC gear motors rests on the lower disc. To drive the two DC gear motors, a 2x relay module is connected with the controller so that the direction of the wheels is under control. A strong permanent magnet lies above the Upper disk and a servo motor is placed below the disc along the pole. This servo motor controls the rotation of the head.   

The Head is a hemisphere with the base of an opposite polarity magnet to strongly attract the magnet placed inside the body’s Upper circular disc. This will ensure the stability of the head on the sphere. Moreover, it is equipped with a 360 degree IP High Definition Camera connected with a battery, directly transmitting the real time surveillance to a screen through wireless network.

The movement of the robot and the rotation of head are directly controlled by the wireless remote which has a NRF transmitter module interfaced with the controller for signal conditioning.

Benefits of the Project

• Spherical Structure better maneuverability.
• Effective Monitoring and control.
• The camera is attached thru a magnetically coupled head that enhances view capturing. 
• Unlike other robots it could easily recover itself after collision
• Could be initiated as a entrepreneurship venture in the filed of Low Cost Robotic based Surveillance and Monitoring. 

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

 a)2X Relay Module: The 2x relay module is used for switching purpose. With the help of relay modules, a bridge circuit is made which controls the motors in forward , reverse ,left and right direction and also stops the motor.

SPECIFICATION:

1.Fast switching.

2. Anti-interference ability strong due to photo electric coupler with photo electric isolation.

3.Module has diode current protection.

4. On-board 5V, 10A / 250VAC, 10A / 30VDC relays.

b)Arduino UNO: It is a main controller of the project which is operating the robot in which all the desired operations are performed; controlling of the servo motor, the remote signal operations etc.

SPECIFICATIONS:

1.Operating voltages 5V.

2.Frequency of clock 16Mhz.

c)Rollers and Tyres : They are used along chassis . Tires are attached with the DC gear motors for the movement and rollers provide extra grip for chassis to keep in contact with the body.

d)NRFL2401: The NRFL2401 is a TX/RX module which is used in remote control and in our body circuitry. In remote control its acts as a transceiver which gives instruction to the NRF of body which acts as a receiving module. The purpose of the NRF is to transfer or receive signals and Arduino will perform the operation.

 SPECIFICATIONS:

              1.Uses ultra-low cost +/- 60 ppm crystal.

              2. Uses low cost chip inductors and 2-layer PCB.

              3. Power supply range: 1.9 to 3.6 V.

              4. Uses 2.4 GHZ bands.

              5. Range up to 100 meters.

e)DC Gear Motor:  DC gear motor is used to control the speed of robot and make more torque available to move swiftly as ample force is required to move the body of the spheroid, dc gear motor is the best option.

 SPECIFICATIONS:

1.       Power efficient.

2.       Less current on load condition approximately 70-80mA.

3.       High torque.

f)Buck Convertor: It is used in this project so NRF can get the supply of 3.3V out of 12V battery to extend NRF life and reduces heat.

 SPECIFICATIONS:

1.       Step-down convertor.

2.       Efficiently converts high voltage to low voltage.

g)Servo Motor: Its is attached to the top circular plate of the body. It helps in the rotation of the head which is magnetically attached to the body. The rotation angle is 90 degrees. The purpose to use servo is to make the rotation of head precise and accurate.

SPECIFICATIONS:

1.      Rotation of output shaft of this motor can be moved to the particular angle.

2.      Maximum speed 4500 min-1.

3.      Load inertia up to 30 times motor inertia.

Final Deliverable of the Project

Hardware System

Type of Industry

Security

Technologies

Robotics

Sustainable Development Goals

Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure

Required Resources

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