DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF GAS, FIRE, SMOKE DETECTION, CONTROL AND MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Nowadays household safety has been a main problem where everyone wants to take suitable measures to prevent. So it is necessary to automatic our homes. Gas leakage, fire and due to fire smoke is the main problem for our country. The main aim of our project is to detect and manage gas, fire and smoke

Project Title

DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF GAS, FIRE, SMOKE DETECTION, CONTROL AND MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Project Area of Specialization

Electrical/Electronic Engineering

Project Summary

Nowadays household safety has been a main problem where everyone wants to take suitable measures to prevent. So it is necessary to automatic our homes. Gas leakage, fire and due to fire smoke is the main problem for our country. The main aim of our project is to detect and manage gas, fire and smoke and deliver primary warning of gas leakage, fire and smoke so the people can be taken immediate action to stop the effect of gas and fire as soon as possible and it is very necessary to detect and control gas leakage, fire and smoke automatic. Due to Gas leakage and fire a huge annihilation within second. Every year more and more people getting damaged, burnt or die due to gas leakage and fire. Last couple of year this issue is very critical in Pakistan. Every year many homes, markets, plaza, also automobiles are burnt due to gas leakage and fire and may loss many lives and wealth. At least 40 are injured or burnt and 10 are die every year in Pakistan. According to experts during fire many peoples are dead due to smoke rather than fire. So we are to design a system that also detect and control smoke. Last   year cooking cylinder explosion on a train caching fire killing more than 70 and at least 40 were damaged. More than 40,000 homes use LPG and there is nothing to replace LPG .Even a small leakage of this gas can cause high effect. There is no suitable measures to detect and control gas leakage, fire and smoke if any tragedy happens.

Project Objectives

Objective 1: The main objectives of the project are to improve the detection and management of gas leakage, smoke and fire and reduce the disasters of gas, fire and smoke. 

Objective 2:  There is only one project in our country, that was design only sensor based, their project was given alert to the system. But our implemented system is different from the existing system. we design a system that is capable to detect and control gas leakage, fire and smoke for initial stages and send alert message to security room display for immediate action. 

Objective 3:  Even though human is a perfect creation of God, they still have certain weakness. Human can not detect the presence of natural gases as fast as the sensor do. Thus, the use of  sensing system is hugely needed to give real-time monitoring of the gas. This is also capable to control fire and smoke to safe the peoples and their properties. 

Project Implementation Method

This project explains the  model of  gas leakage,  fire  and smoke  detection and management system.  In  merged system  of  detectors , microcontroller  and  control  system  are  applied  to loped  the  gas,  fire  and  smoke  detection  and  management  system.  The gas, fire  and smoke detection system is developed to detect an incident and directly control and  inform. 

In  this  section we  discuss  about  gas  leakage,  fire  and  smoke  detectors  and  control  and how to implemented.

Detection of  gas  leakage: A  gas  leakage  sensor  is  a  device  which  detect gas  in  a  zone.  It  can  be  detecting  different type  of  gases  such  as  toxic  gases,  combustible  gases  etc.  A  gas  leakage  can  cause  real  incident carrying  about  humans  and  their  goods.  Gas  is  a  combustible  hydrocarbon  gases  used  for cook ing  and  automobiles. LPG  is  containing  propane  or  butane  or  the  mixture  of  these  two gases.  Gas  sensor  is  very  important  for  human  life  because  there  are  many  gases  which  is  very harmful  for  biological  life’s.  Gas  sensor  aid  public  to  sense  gases  which  can  spread  out  in kitchen etc. Gas  leakage  is  a  method  to  detect  hazard  gas  leakage  by  sensor.  These  sensors  use perceptible sensor which alarm  to  alert  the  people  when  a  gas  has  been  detected.  There  are  many  types  of  gas detector which detect  different  gases  according  to  their gas  sensor, application.  Infrared  sensor,  combustible ultrasonic  sensor,  photoionization  sensor,  electromechanical  sensor  is  the  common sensors. 

Fire  Detection: Fire  sensor  is  a  device  which  can  detect  and  identify  the  fire.  When  fire  sensor  detects  the fire  at  any  place  buzzer  get  alarm.  Thermistor  is  used  when  the  heat  of  thermistor  increases cause resistance  decreases  which  make  to  ON  the  sensor.  The  main  purpose  of  fire  sensor  is  to  early inform the  people.

Detection  of Smoke: Smoke  sensor  is  a  thoughtful  device  that  detect  smoke  whether  they  use  ionization  or electric  technics.  Smoke  is  the  undesirable  by  product  of  burning  materials  but  they  are also used  as  smoke  signals  for  communication,  pest  control.  Smoke  is  the  primary  cause  of death during  fire  because  they  contain  toxic  and  poisons  gases.  The  most  dangerous  gas  is  carbon monoxide  which  may  cause  unconsciousness.  During  fire  smoke  detector  is  one  of  best  device  to inform the  people.  Smoke sensor  are  linked in a building when it  detects a  smoke  it  may sound in alarm or send signal to fire  alarm system.

Hardware Implementation: 

• Power supply

• Arduino UNO

• MQ-2 Sensor (gas and smoke)

• Fire sensor

• Water Pump

• Exhaust fan

• Solenoid valve 

• LCD Display

• LED

• Relay

• USB Cable

• Buzzer 

Software Implementation : Arduino  IDE. Arduino  IDE  is  a  software    which  we  use  for  writing  program  for  the  arduino board and we  upload the  program through USB  cable to the board. 

Benefits of the Project

This project is beneficial for home, shops, hospitals and industries.

1.We save the lives of many people if we tale immediate action against disasters. 

2.Automatized our homes.

3.This time many of accident may cause due to gas leakage. One of the reason is there is no proper measures to detect control and inform security.  

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

To insure the safety, it is important to detect and manage the gas leakage, fire and smoke as soon as possible. The leakage is detected by gas sensor and fire, smoke is detected by heat and smoke sensors. If any leakage occurs the cylinder or gas pipe automatically locked using motor and if fire occur the water sprinkler sprinkles the water on effected area to decrease the fire and smoke may be controlled automatically using fan. This system use of Arduino with sensing circuit which will sense gas leakage, fire and smoke.

Final Deliverable of the Project

HW/SW integrated system

Core Industry

Security

Other Industries

Core Technology

Others

Other Technologies

Sustainable Development Goals

Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure

Required Resources

If you need this project, please contact me on contact@adikhanofficial.com