Water Treatment via Ozonation using PV Panel

Project Title

Water Treatment via Ozonation using PV Panel

Project Area of Specialization Electrical/Electronic EngineeringProject Summary

Water is one of the essential elements for life on earth. Every living thing has the fundamental right to be provided with safe and potable water. But unfortunately, due to the industrial revolution, excessive urbanization, and access to agricultural waste are playing a prominent role in decreasing the quality of water day by day, especially creating health-hazardous diseases in drinking water by making it contaminated. The decreasing availability of safe drinking water has become one of the major problems across the world. In order to overcome this issue, effective treatment of water is highly mandatory. While, through proper treatment of water, contaminants and other undesirable components could be easily removed.

 There are multiple processes available for the treatment of water including physical processes such as filtration & distillation, chemical processes such as chlorination & Flocculation, biological processes including Sand Filters & Active Carbons but all these techniques have their own limitation and disadvantages such as some of them yields health-hazardous by-products like halomethanes, CCL4, and many more, while some techniques require regular replacement of filters to get clean water and most of them are not very effective against viruses.

But zonation technique is a more useful, faster, and economical method because it kills pathogens including bacteria, viruses, and disease-causing micro-organisms. Another main advantage of using the ozonation technique is: that ozone gas does not yield any by-products when it is used for the treatment of water because ozone gas is produced from oxygen and after its half-life (half-life of ozone is thirty minutes), ozone gas again converted back to oxygen.

We will be using this technique (zonation method) to treat the water by generating ozone gas via Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) methodology with the help of ambient air and then generated ozone will be injected into water, where ozone gas will disinfect water against microbiological contamination. The whole system will be made digital (no manual controlling) i.e., the concentration of ozone in water will be automatically controlled by using the programmable Arduino, also this whole water disinfection system will be operated in hybrid mode with WAPDA electricity and renewable energy source i.e., Photo-Voltic Panel.

Project Objectives

This project’s ultimate objective is to study, build and access an ozone disinfection system to effectively treat water against microbiological contamination for the drinking purposes.

Also, another objective of this project is to utilize the technological advancement by replacing the manual method with an automatic mechanism by making the system as a digital system.

Also, this project's objectives include the integration of clean and green energy i.e.,  using a solar panel in hybrid mode with WAPDA electricity.

Project Implementation Method

This project will be implemented in underneath phases:

1. Literature Review

By getting help from available research methodologies available to use the ozonation technique, we will make a comprehensive study about the pros and cons of using ozone gas as well as about the integration of solar panel with WAPDA electricity in a hybrid mode to make a system as power efficient.

2. Requirement and Planning

After making a comprehensive study about the ozonation technique, renewable energy, and technological advancement to make a digital system, we will use reliable approaches to make the complete system through proper analysis of the technique we will be using in this project.

3. Simulation

Instead of directly implementing the hardware, we will use appropriate tools for the simulation of the system which will involve the simulated circuits to generate ozone gas by using electrical methodology as well as the equivalent circuit to integrate a solar panel because the output of a solar panel does not remain fix all the day, thus we will contain its IV-curve to demonstrate the effects of humidity, the intensity of light, temperature, etc., on a solar panel. Also, we will use appropriate software to determine the power ratings of each component in order to avoid implementation complexities in the hardware part.

4. Hardware Implementation

After having successfully worked simulation, we will develop the system into hardware by utilizing the required components on the basis of simulation to make the final product. Also, we will integrate the solar panel and a DC battery as an alternate source of WAPDA electricity in hybrid mode.

5. Making System as Digital

After this, we will use Arduino programmed with the required lines of code which will not only help to decide: how much concentration of ozone gas should be generated to treat the required quantity of water but also the digital system will monitor whether all the connected devices are working properly without any fault or not. Also, after performing the necessary operation, the system will be automatically shut down instead of manual.

6. Water Quality Parameters Testing

After developing the complete product, the water quality parameters including the microbiological contamination will be examined from water health labs prior to treating the water with the ozonation technique and after treating the water with ozonation technique to compare the outcomes of our developed product i.e., how much ozonation technique is successfully effective against bacteria, viruses, etc.

Benefits of the Project

The developed product will comprise clean drinkable water treated with the ozonation technique.
The ozonation technique is faster, reliable, and cost-effective as compared to other available techniques. 
Ozone gas has strong oxidizing properties, thus it can be used for multiple purposes rather than only for the treatment of drinking water.
Ozone gas can be used for the disinfection of rooms or surroundings.
Moreover, ozone gas can be used to remove odor.
Ozonated water is helpful to treat various diseases like prevention from asthma and breaking up cholesterol.
Also, ozone gas can be easily used to sterilize the surgical instruments due to its strong disinfection properties.
Ozone gas can be utilized for the washing of fruits, vegetables, and meat.
Ozone gas does not yield any health-hazardous by-products.
Also, utilizing clean and green energy through a Photo-Voltaic panel (where electricity is not available) as an alternate power supply source to the system which makes it more economical.
 

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

By completing this project, a complete ozone disinfection system will be delivered which comprises all required components assembled into PCBs(Print Circuit Boards), along with proper connection to use WAPDA electricity as well as a solar panel in hybrid mode to make the system as energy efficient.

The solar panel will be provided with a DC battery in order to retrieve smooth output power from the solar which will be then fed to the rest of the entire circuit to generate ozone gas.

Also, a complete controlling mechanism by using programmed Arduino will be provided which will ensure the maintenance of each component in the system as well as it will serve as a controlling section to attain the desired concentration of ozone for the required quantity of water for disinfecting purposes.

A complete report will be given which will include all the technical details to use this developed system in the appropriate way.

Final Deliverable of the Project Hardware SystemCore Industry OthersOther IndustriesCore Technology OthersOther TechnologiesSustainable Development Goals Good Health and Well-Being for People, Clean Water and Sanitation, Affordable and Clean Energy, Climate Action, Life on LandRequired Resources

Item Name	Type	No. of Units	Per Unit Cost (in Rs)	Total (in Rs)
			Total in (Rs)	80000
Electrolysis chamber	Equipment	1	3300	3300
Air pump	Equipment	1	2500	2500
Stone mixers	Equipment	2	300	600
Transfer tubes	Equipment	2	200	400
fly back transformer	Equipment	1	4600	4600
Print Circuit Boards	Equipment	4	100	400
Pasting Sheets	Equipment	10	50	500
Ozone meter	Equipment	1	14000	14000
Solar Panle	Equipment	1	10000	10000
DC Battery	Equipment	1	8000	8000
Integrated Chips	Equipment	20	200	4000
Resistors	Equipment	20	100	2000
Inductors	Equipment	20	90	1800
Diodes	Equipment	10	60	600
Capacitors	Equipment	15	80	1200
Heat Sinks	Equipment	15	50	750
Arduino	Equipment	1	2000	2000
Kit	Equipment	1	2000	2000
Water quality Test	Equipment	2	5000	10000
Iron Chloride chemical	Equipment	1	1350	1350
Printer	Miscellaneous	1	5000	5000
Wires	Miscellaneous	20	50	1000
Stationary(Screw guages, players, cutters etc)	Miscellaneous	10	400	4000