Smart metering, controlling and monitoring of energy using AMI technique

Project Title

Smart metering, controlling and monitoring of energy using AMI technique

Project Area of Specialization Electrical/Electronic EngineeringProject Summary

 Electrical energy plays an important role in our day to day life and acts as a strong support system to run our homes, offices etc in our society .The measurement of the energy consumed by residential and commercial buildings by utility provider is important in billing, control and monitoring of the usage of energy. Traditional metering techniques used for the measurement of energy are not convenient and is prone to different forms of irregularities. These irregularities include inaccuracies in billing due to human error, energy theft, loss of revenue due to corruption and so on. This research study proposed the design and construction of a microcontroller based electric energy metering system using the Global System for Mobile communication (GSM) network. This system provides solution to the irregularities posed by the traditional metering technique by allowing the utility provider have access to remote monitoring capabilities

Project Objectives

there are following objectives of our project

1-To save time and human labor

2-To maximize the profit margin of Electric Power Companies

3-To protect the power theft

Project Implementation Method

Implementation
The implementation of this system is divided into two (2) main categories:
(1) Hardware implementation
(2) Software implementation

Hardware Implementation
This subsection phase of this study entails the following:
(1) Bread boarding of components
(2) Mounting and soldering of components
(3) Packaging

Software Implementation
This subsection entails the coding of the PIC18F452 microcontroller using MikroC and the GUI on the personal computer using Visual basic. After compiling the program for the microcontroller, it was converted into a .hex file which was then loaded into the microcontroller using a PIC programmer.

Benefits of the Project

there are following benefits of our project

1-it will save time and human labor

2-it will maximize the profit margin of Electric Power Companies

3-it will protect the power theft

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

Metering Circuits
This phase consists of voltage and current sensing circuits which is used to sense the voltage and current consumed by the load. For this research study, the sensing circuits are used to reduce the cost of constructing an energy meter. The potential transformers and the current transformers are both used to sense voltage and current reading in the load. The Analysis of the voltage and the Current sensing circuits

Communication Section
The communication section of the study is responsible for bi-directional communication between the meter and the remote PC. It sends and receives information such as disconnection signal and meter readings from the PC and the energy meter, respectively. The main device that is responsible for communication between the meter and the PC is the GSM modem which sends and receives data through radio waves over a wireless network.
The GSM modem at the PC side is made up of a P16F873A microcontroller and a USB to TTL converter. The converter retrieves data from the PC and sends it to the microcontroller. The microcontroller then processes this data and sends it to the GSM modem which sends the data to the energy meter. The converter also accepts data from the GSM modem and sends it to the converter which processes the data and sends it to the PC.

Microcontroller Section
The microcontroller section is responsible for computing power calculations and displaying the value obtained on the LCD. The controller is also used to automate the meter reading process by interfacing a GSM modem. The GSM modem is responsible for communications between the energy meter and the remote PC. The PIC microcontroller used in the development of this work is the PIC18F452 which is a 40-pin high performance microcontroller. Table 1 shows the algorithm for the automatic energy metering system using GSM.

Final Deliverable of the Project HW/SW integrated systemCore Industry Energy Other Industries Security Core Technology Cloud InfrastructureOther Technologies Internet of Things (IoT)Sustainable Development Goals Affordable and Clean Energy, Decent Work and Economic GrowthRequired Resources

Item Name	Type	No. of Units	Per Unit Cost (in Rs)	Total (in Rs)
			Total in (Rs)	43020
energy meter	Equipment	1	7000	7000
GSM	Equipment	1	6000	6000
ULN2003	Equipment	2	2300	4600
RFID Sensor	Equipment	2	2000	4000
Power Supply (12v, 5A)	Equipment	1	3500	3500
LCD	Equipment	1	3500	3500
Diodes	Miscellaneous	1	1600	1600
Vero board	Equipment	6	320	1920
Relay Module	Equipment	1	3800	3800
Optocoupler	Equipment	2	400	800
wires	Equipment	1	800	800
Travelling Expenses	Equipment	1	5000	5000
SIM Card	Equipment	1	500	500