Robust And Cost Efficient Ventilator For Covid Patients

Project Title

Robust And Cost Efficient Ventilator For Covid Patients

Project Area of Specialization Electrical/Electronic EngineeringProject Summary

The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted the world in 2020 by spreading at unprecedented rates and causing tens of thousands of fatalities within a few months. The number of deaths dramatically increased in regions where the number of patients in need of hospital care exceeded the availability of care. Many COVID-19 patients experience Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), a condition that can be treated with mechanical ventilation. In response to the need for mechanical ventilators, designed and tested an emergency ventilator (EV) that can control a patient’s peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) and breathing rate, while keeping a positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP). This article describes the rapid design and prototyping of the EV.

Project Objectives

Human lungs use the reverse pressure generated by contraction motion of the diaphragm to suck in air for breathing. A contradictory motion is used by a ventilator to inflate the lungs by pumping type motion.
A ventilator mechanism must be able to deliver in the range of 10 – 30 breaths per minute, with the ability to adjust rising increments in sets of 2. Along with this the ventilator must have the ability to adjust the air volume pushed into lungs in each breath. The last but now the least is the setting to adjust the time duration for inhalation to exhalation ratio.
Apart from this the ventilator must be able to monitor the patients blood oxygen level and exhaled lung pressure to avoid over/under air pressure simultaneously.
The ventilator we here design and develop using arduino encompasses all these requirements to develop a reliable yet affordable ventilator to help in times of pandemic.Our system makes use of blood oxygen sensor along with sensitive pressure sensor to monitor the necessary vitals of the patient and display on a mini screen. Also an emergency buzzer alert is fitted in the system to sound an alert as soon as any anomaly is detected.

Project Implementation Method

In our project we will use stepper motor for inflating purposes since it consists of constant revolutions.Arduino will be used for controlling the whole circuit .As the stepper motor inflates the balloon the oxygen will be supplied to the respective patient.We can set the breath per minute ( BPM) and breath length manually with the help of knobs interfaced with aurduino.The ventilaor will get pressure at output display with the help of pressure sensors.We can get our desired breath per minutes and breath length accordingly.

Benefits of the Project

•The project will be cost efficient

•The project will be multi-functional, so it is accessible to people of all ages

• It will be work efficient

• It can be easy to use.

•It will be environmental friendly

•Keeping the view of energy efficiency and making it as efficient as possible

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

Final product of this project will be a robust and cost efficient ventilator which include a stepper motor interfaced with aurduino for inflating and deflating purposes.The stepper motor is connected to the motor driver which is used for controlling breath per minute(BPM) and breath length.A breather balloon is placed in front of stepper motor so that it can be inflated and deflated. A breather valve mask(BVM) is then connected to the breathing baloon so that when the braeathing balloon inflates and deflates, oxygen is provided to the patient. Pressure sensors are interfaced with arduino to monitor the supplied pressure . A seven segment display is connected to set up the breath per minute and breath length.The display will also show the pressure sensor output.We can set the breath length and breath per minute with the help of display .So this is how our final product works.

Final Deliverable of the Project Hardware SystemCore Industry MedicalOther Industries Health Core Technology Wearables and ImplantablesOther Technologies OthersSustainable Development Goals Good Health and Well-Being for PeopleRequired Resources

Item Name	Type	No. of Units	Per Unit Cost (in Rs)	Total (in Rs)
			Total in (Rs)	56000
Arduino Mega 2560	Equipment	2	3300	6600
Stepper Motor	Equipment	2	2700	5400
Transformer/Adapter	Equipment	1	1750	1750
Pressure sensor	Equipment	2	2500	5000
LCD display	Equipment	2	475	950
Cables and Connectors	Equipment	20	50	1000
Blood Oxygen Sensor	Equipment	2	3000	6000
PCB and Breadboards	Equipment	1	1500	1500
Breather mask for ventilator	Equipment	1	3200	3200
Air Breather Bag	Equipment	1	4500	4500
Push Rods	Equipment	2	750	1500
Connector Rods	Equipment	2	800	1600
Plastic Enclosure	Equipment	5	1000	5000
Project Base	Equipment	1	2000	2000
Fares and Others	Miscellaneous	1	10000	10000