Pressure Sore Avoiding Mattress for Bedridden Patients

The patients which are in coma or they have open heart surgery they cannot move by themselves. Therefore, the body parts which continuously remains in touch with mattress got damaged because of high pressure and abrupt circulation of blood on that points. So these points got pressure ulcers.

Project Title

Pressure Sore Avoiding Mattress for Bedridden Patients

Project Area of Specialization

Mechatronics Engineering

Project Summary

Problem

The patients which are in coma or they have open heart surgery they cannot move by themselves. Therefore, the body parts which continuously remains in touch with mattress got damaged because of high pressure and abrupt circulation of blood on that points. So these points got pressure ulcers.

Already Available Mattress

There are some air mattresses available in market but they are not effective. In  already available mattress, the air flows through the patches in a zig zag manner. So its not too much effective.
The Med Aire Alternating Pressure Mattress Replacement System with Low Air Loss by Drive Medical provides alternating pressure and is designed to be used in the prevention, treatment and management of Pressure Ulcers. The mattress has 20 air bladders, nine with laser holes to achieve the low air loss function and to increase patients comfort by keeping the affected area cool and dry ensuring a speedy recovery.

Limitations of Existing Mattress

1.  Effective for short term bed resting (patients after surgery and must rest for at least one week)
2. Totally ineffective on some point such as ankles even in short term 
3. Human help is required to massage the body for blood circulation
4. Do not applicable for long term bed resting patients such as paralyzed coma patients
5. Have no use for patient if they have already bed sores
6. Need to continuously monitor the patient and adjust the mattress 
    

Project Objectives

Objective

Our goal is to design a sore avoiding mattress which is more effective than currently available mattress using different pressure sensors.

We divide the mattress into different patches and will monitor the body pressure on every patch. On basis of this pressure, the patches will inflate or deflate automatically to comfort the body.

The patch where the pressure is high will automatically deflate. This will reduce the pressure and there will be less contact of body with mattress. After some time, when the pressure is normal the patch will automatically  inflate.

Main Focus

The mattress can be use by any patient or a common person, but our focus is on the following patients

• Stroke and spinal injuries patients because they have the highest chances to get ulcer 
• Paralyzed coma patients 
• Old age people who spend most of their time on bed
• Existing Ulcer patients

 
 

Project Implementation Method

The project is hardware and software integrated.

Hardware is consisted of 

• Mattress
• Base for the mattress
• Manifold solenoid actuated valve
• Pressure Sensors
• Air Pump
• Other Miscellaneous parts

Software

• Arduino software

Methodolgy

We are using manifold Solenoid actuated valve  to give air to every patch. 5/3 valve have three different states, Inlet, No operation, Outlet.

The pressure on every patch is detected by pressure sensor. The the data from pressure sensor which is in the form of voltage is sent to aurduino.

The accoding to the value of the pressure sensor the microcontroller will inflate or deflate accordingly.

Simulation

The mattress will be interfaced through wifi module with the screen. The will show the pressure on everry patch.

Benefits of the Project

Benefits

Following are the advantages of the mattress we are going to design

• Totally automated monitoring and self-adjusting system
• Extremely effective for long term bed resting patients (e.g. paralyzed coma patients) 
• Equally effective for existing patients 
• Accurate
• Effective

Importance of project:

• Ayyub medical college Abbottabad conducted a survey on patients for pressure ulcer, in which minimum duration for bed rest was 30 days and maximum was more than 60 days these were some results, and u can see all the patients have produced Ulcer. 
• This was also proved by another study conducted in 2008 that showed that 77% of pressure sores are hospital acquired. Stroke and spinal injuries are the main culprit to put a patient in hospital that long.
• In USA  2.5 million people get Pressure sore every year
• 24000 death reported due to Pressure Ulcer in 2013 worldwide
   

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

The final deliverable is in the form of a mattress with a base carrying a box which has contains the pressure sensors and microcontroller.

It will be completely an automated system which will inflate or deflate according to the body pressure.

There will be simulation on the basis of IOTs, which will be interfaced with the mattress and will show the pressure and other technical properties on every patch. By the simulation it will be very helpful to understand the working of project. The simulation will show that which body parts have higher risk of pressure ulcers.

Final Deliverable of the Project

HW/SW integrated system

Core Industry

Medical

Other Industries

Manufacturing , Health

Core Technology

Others

Other Technologies

Internet of Things (IoT)

Sustainable Development Goals

Good Health and Well-Being for People, Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure

Required Resources

If you need this project, please contact me on contact@adikhanofficial.com