Optimal Power Flow prototype for Economic Power generation
Electrical power flow must be improved to ensure the reliability and security of Electrical power flow. The transmission line flow is not uniform due to this the overall voltage profiles are gotten worse and the system?s reliability and efficiency has been decreased , in some lines it?s below the st
2025-06-28 16:34:22 - Adil Khan
Optimal Power Flow prototype for Economic Power generation
Project Area of Specialization Electrical/Electronic EngineeringProject SummaryElectrical power flow must be improved to ensure the reliability and security of Electrical power flow. The transmission line flow is not uniform due to this the overall voltage profiles are gotten worse and the system’s reliability and efficiency has been decreased , in some lines it’s below the standard lines and in some it’s way above the normal power flow values . Due to this high power comes into picture most of the electrical loads on distribution side could be affected and their life could be reduced .
The Optimal Power Flow (OPF) model consists of Economic Load Dispatch and power flow under reliable condition . The model represents the problem of fulfilling load demand with less fuel cost and less losses. Our project idea is to design a trainer based OPF . The controller will determine the most economical generator and capable transmission line with less losses and security. If the fault occurs on currently operated generator side the controller will determine the next most suitable generator, bus bar and shift the load on that generator.
Electrical power flow must be improved to ensure the reliability and security of Electrical power flow. When the transmission line flow is not uniform, the overall voltage profiles will get worse and the system’s reliability and efficiency will be decreased. In some transmission lines, the power flow is below the standard lines while in some it is above the normal power flow values . Due to this the electrical loads on distribution side could be affected and their life could be reduced .
Project Objectives- To help and train the students understand Optimal Power Flow practically.
- To reduce the operational cost of generator by selecting the most economical generator.
- To prevent overloading the transmission lines.
- To consider losses while selecting the generator.
- To switch the load on another most efficient generator when there is fault on generator side
Optimal power flow prototype for economic power generation is a trainer based project for training students. This project will be based on IEEE 9 bus system,which consists of 9 buses , 3 generators and 3 loads . The project will be based on power world simulator. The led bulb will act as a generator; each generator will have LCD which will show the real power, reactive power, operational cost and capacity of generator. Each bus bar will have LCD which will show the capacity of the transmission line and how much is it loaded just like in power world simulator. When the load will apply on the generator the controller will determine the most economical generator after determining it the controller will determine the most efficient bus bar to avoid overloading. After selecting the best suited generator and bus bar the generator will light up and the data of generator will display. The real power flow will be shown with the help of green led strip and the reactive power flow will be shown with the help of red led strip. If there is a fault on generator side the loaded generator will trip and the controller will again determine the other most economical generator and bus bar and will shift the load on that generator. The LCD on load side will display the real and reactive load .
Benefits of the Project- The students are unable to understand optimal power flow . This trainer will help them understand Optimal Power Flow.
- It will help us determine the most economical generator .
- It will prevent the bus bar from over loading.
- It will attain the optimal power flow.
- On fault condition it will shift the load to another generator by selecting the most economical and capable busbar
Above figure is the simulation of 9 bus system on power simulator in which there are multiple loads and generators . power supply will be used to convert 220 V AC into 12V DC , the supply will be the main source of trainer .The DC-DC converter will be used for led lights . The controller will be instructed with predefined values which are different loads , the data of generator will be taken from IEEE 9 bus system which is the generation capacity, real power ,reactive power, operational cost .The controller will be programmed with the instruction taken from the simulation, the weekly history of load curve will use to predict the future load and will be programmed to select the generator, bus bar and show that how much bas bar is being loaded, if the bus bar limit exceeds or if there is more economical generator for that load ,the controller will again determine another economical generator and bus bar suitable for that load to avoid overloading the bus bar and expensive power . Each data of generator bus bar and load will be displayed on 32*4 LCD . Relays will be used to switch the generator and bus bar . LED lights will be programmed to show the flow of real and reactive power from generator to load. Each data of generator bus bar and load will be displayed on 32*4 LCD . the whole prototype will be based on power world simulation . The above simulation will be displayed on trainer with all the above details. Following is the flow diagram of this prototype.
| Item Name | Type | No. of Units | Per Unit Cost (in Rs) | Total (in Rs) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total in (Rs) | 20421 | |||
| 220V AC To 12V DC 6 Amp Power Supply | Equipment | 1 | 1100 | 1100 |
| DC To Dc Buck Converter Step Down Module | Equipment | 4 | 200 | 800 |
| 12V DC LED bulb | Equipment | 3 | 600 | 1800 |
| Arduino mega | Equipment | 1 | 1400 | 1400 |
| LED lights | Equipment | 50 | 5 | 250 |
| wires | Equipment | 5 | 200 | 1000 |
| relay | Equipment | 5 | 100 | 500 |
| hardware case with acrylic sheet | Equipment | 1 | 5000 | 5000 |
| LCD 128*64 monochromatic | Equipment | 5 | 1000 | 5000 |
| LCD 16*2 | Equipment | 5 | 260 | 1300 |
| keypad | Equipment | 3 | 257 | 771 |
| Final Report printing | Miscellaneous | 3 | 500 | 1500 |