Model and Design of Power Theft Detection System

Project Title

Model and Design of Power Theft Detection System

Project Area of Specialization Electrical/Electronic EngineeringProject Summary

Energy theft refers to the intentional and illegal usage of electricity by various means. Energy theft is a very common problem which is increasing consistently as the population increases. It is quite impossible to check and solve out this problem by going every customer’s door to door. This project is based on MICROCONTROLLER to detect and control the energy meter from power theft and resolve it by connecting or disconnecting the service (line) of a particular consumer through SOLID STATE RELAY (SSR). It is able to read and send data via wireless protocol, an SMS will be sent automatically to the utility central server whenever unauthorized activities detected and a separate message will send back to the microcontroller in order to disconnect the unauthorized supply. This project uses the GSM feature into smart meters with Solid state relay to deal with the non-technical losses, billing difficulties, and voltage fluctuation complication..This smart energy meter works on direct communication through wireless data protocol, so there will be precise reading & there's no necessity of a meter reader to take energy meter reading in consumer premises as in the case of normal energy meters.

Project Objectives

1. The smart energy meter will detect power theft according to the program installed in arduino.

2. It will provide wireless control to connect and disconnect the serivce(line).

3. It will send notification of unauthorized activities through SMS. 

4. It will also deal with non,technical losses, billing difficulties and voltage fluction complications.

Project Implementation Method

The project consist of digital Energy Meter, IC, LCD, Arduino, GSM modem, Relay, Optocoupler, Lever switch, Display Unit and Power Supply Unit etc.

Conventional single phase energy meter use one current sensor and voltage sensor to estimate the KWh consumed by the electrical load by the product of current and voltage. During unauthorized tapping in the lines then any of these sensors gives zero value and certainly the product of voltage and current will also be zero resulting in no energy measured in the energy meter. By connecting one more current sensor with solid state relay with minimal variation in the energy meter helps to track down power theft, connect/disconnect the supply. So we need one voltage sensor and two current sensors for this project. A constant 5V DC supply given to Microcontroller and LCD unit. Communication will be developed between microcontroller and utility center through GSM modem. Lever switch will be provided to detect the physical disturbance (tampering) given to the smart meter.

The high-performance Atmel pico Power 8-bit AVR RISC-based microcontroller combines 32KB ISP flash memory with read-while-write capabilities, 1024B EEPROM, 2KB SRAM, 23 general purposes I/O lines, 32 general purpose working registers, three flexible timer/counters with compare modes, internal and external interrupts, serial programmable USART will be used.

GSM/GPRS module establishes communication between a computer & GSM-GPRS system. Global System for Mobile communication (GSM) is a structural design used for mobile cellular communication in most of the countries. GSM modems consist of power supply and communication interfaces (like RS-232, USB, etc) for the computer.

Benefits of the Project

1. User new smart energy meters send precise reading on a regular interval in sequence about customer’s energy usage to utility (Electricity provider). So the bills will be proper and labor cost is reduced for taking a reading in consumer residents.

2. If the consumer did not pay the energy bill within time, the utility can remotely disconnect the service (line) of a particular consumer and after payment, the service continues to the consumer. So we can avoid sending anemployee to cut off energy from the network and again to reconnect their connection.

3. We have connected lever switch for tampering attempt detect. When anyone tries to open the meter cover the button will release and send information to the service provider.

4. When the power quality is not maintained from the distribution supply, then the customer equipment can be protected by disconnecting and reconnecting to the supply by SSR.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

The project will identify or detect power theft in the consumer permises according to the program intalled in arduino. By using GSM technology, it will notify the utility by sending an SMS and will disconnect the service(line) with the help of solid state relay(SSR).

Final Deliverable of the Project HW/SW integrated systemCore Industry Energy Other Industries Security Core Technology OthersOther Technologies OthersSustainable Development Goals Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure, Reduced Inequality, Responsible Consumption and ProductionRequired Resources

Item Name	Type	No. of Units	Per Unit Cost (in Rs)	Total (in Rs)
			Total in (Rs)	41600
Energy meter IC	Equipment	2	1200	2400
Display unit (LCD)	Equipment	2	450	900
Arduino	Equipment	2	1000	2000
GSM Modem	Equipment	2	5000	10000
Solid State Relay	Equipment	2	500	1000
Opto-coupler	Equipment	3	500	1500
Lever Switch	Equipment	3	1000	3000
Voltage Transformer	Equipment	2	1000	2000
Current Transformer	Equipment	2	4300	8600
Microcontroller(Other than Arduino)	Equipment	2	800	1600
Digital Energy Meter	Equipment	1	4000	4000
Lamps	Equipment	6	100	600
Baseboard and other material	Miscellaneous	2	2000	4000