Low cost ventilator

Project Title

Low cost ventilator

Project Area of Specialization Biomedical EngineeringProject Summary

We are designing ventilator. The idea came from the worse situation of covid19. When people are dying because they can’t afford the service of a ventilator. After the attack of this virus, when its effect on the lungs the patient gets critically sick. So he needs the ventilator to inhale the oxygen. The machine helps pump oxygen into your body. So our target audience is the people who can’t afford this service. We will design it with low-cost equipment. Ventilators cannot cure any illness but keeps the patient alive when he/she healing from any disease. So basically our machine will be for those people who can’t afford it. One of the most pressing shortages facing hospitals during the Covid-19 emergency is a lack of ventilators. These machines can keep patients breathing when they no longer can on their own, and they can cost around $30,000 each. Now, a rapidly assembled volunteer team of engineers, physicians, computer scientists, and others, centered at University, is working to implement a safe, inexpensive alternative for emergency use, which could be built quickly around the world.

The team, called E-Vent (for emergency ventilator), was formed on March 12 in response to the rapid spread of the Covid-19 pandemic. Its members were brought together by the exhortations of doctors, friends, and a sudden flood of mail referencing a project done a decade ago in the class 2.75 (Medical Device Design). Students and faculty working in consultation with local physicians designed a simple ventilator device that could be built with about $100 worth of parts, although in the years since prices have gone up and the device would now cost $400 to $500 in materials. They published a paper detailing their design and testing, but the work ended at that point. Now, with a significant global need looming, a new team, linked to that course, has resumed the project at a highly accelerated pace.The key to the simple, inexpensive ventilator alternative is a hand-operated plastic pouch called a bag-valve resuscitator, or Ambu bag, which hospitals already have on hand in large quantities. These are designed to be operated by hand, by a medical professional or emergency technician, to provide breaths to a patient in situations like cardiac arrest, until an intervention such as a ventilator becomes available. A tube is inserted into the patient’s airway, as with a hospital ventilator, but then the pumping of air into the lungs is done by squeezing and releasing the flexible pouch. This is a task for skilled personnel, trained in how to evaluate the patient and adjust the timing and pressure of the pumping accordingly

Project Objectives

Our goal is to serve the people who are suffering from COVID-19. • We are proving them the basic breathing equipment to save their lives. • If they can’t afford high cost of ventilator they will recommend to use our product with the lower cost. • In the beginning we will start from the main cities and then we will provide the LOW COST VENTILA TOR all over the Pakistan. A contrivance for effecting ventilation; especially, a contrivance or machine for drawing off or expelling foul or stagnant air from any place or apartment, or for introducing that which is fresh and pure. A ventilator is a machine that helps people breathe when they cannot breathe naturally, for example because they are very ill or have been seriously injured the proper term for a breathing machine used to treat respiratory failure and help support breathing. A ventilator is a device that lets fresh air into a room or building and lets old or dirty air out. An accessory, usually used on the roof that allows the air to pass through. A machine that provides oxygen and breathes for the baby. Respirator - a machine used to help a baby breathe. The machine is connected to the baby by an ET tube or nasal prongs an accessory that is designed to allow for the passage of air. A mechanical device used in repertory therapy. A mechanical device used to provide assisted breathing for the person who cannot breathe on his own The ventilator pumps humidified air (with a measured amount of oxygen) into the lungs via an endotracheal tube or tracheostomy tube The elasticity of the lungs allows the air to be expelled. -A ventilator captures heating or cooling energy from stale indoor air and transfers it to fresh incoming air. Equipment that mechanically does the breathing for the unresponsive patient The machinery serves to deliver air with the appropriate percentage of oxygen and at the appropriate rate. Construction designed to lead air below decks May have a cowl, which can be angled into or away from the wind; and may be constructed with baffles, so that water is not allowed below.

Project Implementation Method

Arduino UNO • Servo motor • Motor driver Every hardware component is assembled in way, so it can interact easily with the Software. This system is designed and developed for the particular features: ? BPM ? Breath pressure ? Speed of pushing By adjusting these attributes, we can achieve the normal human breath for the patient. With this product the ventilator cost will also decrease. And every person (rich or poor) can be facilitated by this amazing product. 1. We can set the BPM (breath per minute) by adjusting the time duration 2. And we can also change the Breath pressure by adjusting the push angle. 3. We can change the speed of pushing air bag.

We are designing a life support machine that is known as ventilator. If the lung functions
have been severely damage due to any injury (covid19) then a patient may need a
ventilator for breathing. Ventilators cannot cure any illness but keeps the patient alive when
he/she healing from any disease. So basically our machine will be for those people who
can’t afford it like Covid19 Poor or rich, no one is safe from this. Many people can’t afford
the service of a ventilator in this pandemic. And the estimation is that about 6% of people
who are suffering from COVID19 get critically sick. And about 1 in 4 of them may need
a ventilator to help them breathe. The situation becomes worse day by day because this
infection continues to spread in the world very quickly. So our purpose is to design a lowcost ventilator.

Benefits of the Project

As we want to work regarding COVID-19 that’s why we search for the basic facilities for treatment and we find the lake of ventilators and high cost for these particular ventilators. We find, that is the main gap in the market of unavailability of ventilators and high cost of ventilators. We introduce the LOW COST VENTILATOR to fill this particular gap. ? We will design a low-cost machine which will provide the functions same as the high-cost machine. ? As we all know ventilator cannot cure any illness. it keeps the patient alive when he/she fighting any disease. ? Our machine will have the full functions that a ventilator patient needs. Our main focus is on the cost. ? We will make it a low-cost machine that anyone can afford. Equipment that mechanically does the breathing for the unresponsive patient. The machinery serves to deliver air with the appropriate percentage of oxygen and at the appropriate rate. The primary consideration is patient safety. So we had to establish what we’re calling minimum clinical functional requirements,” that is, the minimum set of functions that the device would need to perform to be both safe and useful, says one of the team members, who is both an engineer and an MD. He says one of his jobs is to translate between the specialized languages used by the engineers and the medical professionals on the team. As we want to work regarding COVID-19 that’s why we search for the basic facilities for treatment and we find the lake of ventilators and high cosst for these particular ventilators. We find, that is the main gap in the market of unavailability of ventilators and high cost of ventilators. We introduce the LOW COST VENTILATOR to fill this particular gap. Basically the need of ventilators increases day by day in this covid-19 situation. Existing system providing services to the patients when they are in a very critical situation. And sometime the amount of ventilators is low than the amount of patients. So our purpose is to provide a local system to the local people. It is like a first aid. Which will provide spontaneous breathing action to the patient.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

On the Arduino Uno, this USB connection is broken out through onboard hardware into two digital pins, GPIO 0 and GPIO 1, which can be used in projects that involve serial communication with electronics other than the computer. BPM (Breath per Minute) We can set the BPM (breath per minute) by adjusting the time duration. User can change the value of delay between the single breaths so, that the required breath rate can be achieved. System will be well defined to ensure the required BPM Breathe Pressure And we can also change the Breath pressure by adjusting the push angle. User can change the value of angle to give the required pressure to single breath so, that the required breath pressure can be achieved. System will be well defined to ensure the required Breath Pressure Set breath pressure Pushing speed We can change the speed of pushing air bag. User can change the value of speed to push the air bag so, that the required breath speed can be achieved. System will be well defined to ensure the required speed Set breath speed. ? We find, that is the main gap in the market of unavailability of ventilators and high cost of ventilators. ? Existing system providing services to the patients when they are in a very critical situation. And sometime the amount of ventilators is low than the amount of patients. ? So our purpose is to provide a local system to the local people. It is like a first aid. Which will provide spontaneous breathing action to the patient. ? We introduce the LOW COST VENTILATOR to fill this particular gap. ? A ventilator mechanism must be able to deliver in the range of 10 – 30 breaths per minute, with the ability to adjust rising increments in sets of 2. Along with this the ventilator must have the ability to adjust the air volume pushed into lungs in each breath. The last but now the least is the setting to adjust the time duration for inhalation to exhalation ratio. The ventilator we here design and develop using Arduino encompasses all these requirements to develop a reliable yet affordable DIY ventilator to help in times of pandemic. We here use a silicon ventilator bag coupled driven by SERVO motors with 2 side push mechanism to push the ventilator bag.

Final Deliverable of the Project Hardware SystemCore Industry HealthOther IndustriesCore Technology RoboticsOther TechnologiesSustainable Development Goals No Poverty, Good Health and Well-Being for People, Industry, Innovation and InfrastructureRequired Resources

Item Name	Type	No. of Units	Per Unit Cost (in Rs)	Total (in Rs)
			Total in (Rs)	27200
Hardware structure	Equipment	1	5000	5000
Breathing tube	Equipment	1	6000	6000
Arduino UNO and circuit	Equipment	1	2000	2000
Servo Motor	Equipment	1	3000	3000
Motor Driver	Equipment	1	2000	2000
Display	Equipment	1	700	700
Circuit	Equipment	1	3500	3500
Soldering Iron	Equipment	1	1000	1000
Pushing angles	Equipment	2	2000	4000