IoT Based power theft detection

Project Title

IoT Based power theft detection

Project Area of Specialization Electrical/Electronic EngineeringProject Summary

Power theft can be defined as the usage of the electrical power without any contract with the supplier.

Technical losses happen naturally which can’t be quantified precisely.

This illustrates the involvement of nontechnical parameter in transmission and distribution of electricity

HISTORY

Energy theft started with an unscrupulous persons tapping into Edison Electricity in  New York(27,march,1886).

TYPES OF THEFT

following are the different types of energy theft 

Direct Hooking from line

  it is defined as the direct tapping from the line.               

Bypassing the energy meter

In this type of energy theft the input terminal and output terminal of the energy meter is short-circuited.

Injecting the foreign element in the energy meter

This type of energy theft consists of installing a circuit inside the meter so that the meter can be slowed down at any time.

Physical obstruction

 When a foreign material is placed inside the meter to obstruct the free movement of the disc is called physical obstruction.

DETECTION METHODS

following are the enegy theft detection methods

DETECTION AND IDENTIFICATION OF POWER USING HVDS SYSTEM

In this method High Rating Distribution Transformers are used to detect electrical energy theft.

ADVANCE METERING INFRASTRUCTURE/SMART METERS

It is the transitioning to new technology and processes. In this method smart meters are used to detect electrical enegy theft making a long-term financial commitment to the new metering technology and related software. It involves paying additional fees for the new meter.

POWER THEFT CONTROL USING PLC SYSTEM

This method of electrical energy detection involves installation cost is very high as pole must be installed with an energy meter.

Project Objectives

The main oblective of the project is reduce power theft which will result in availability of energy. In this project an energy thieft module will be designed consisting of different electrical components such as Arduino UNO, GSM module, current transformer etc. which will be smart enough to detect energy theft. It will have positive impacts on the economy of a country as power utilities are losing billions of rupees in this account. 

As a further implementation to the developed model we can assemble GPS module in order to identify exact location power theft thereby identifying power theft at an ease. We can detect the theft of power more precisely.

The use of current sensors can give us the exact value of the power being theft at any moment.

Project Implementation Method

Proposed methodology

• The circuit consists of Arduino, GSM, LCD, ESP module and Current transformers.
• Meters cannot be used for high currents so current sensing is done by current transformers.
• The main component in this circuit is Arduino controller . It receives current signal from two current transformers by the means of bridge rectifier. Then it compares those two current magnitudes by the conditional operator.
• Resistor is used because the secondary of current transformer should never be open circuited.

Benefits of the Project

ADVANTAGES

I. Security is automated.

II. Economy of country is saved.

III. Alert can be generated through GSM even in the case of failure of internet.

IV.  Does not affect the power transfer capability of line.

APPLICATIONS

I. Used in distribution system.

II. Can be used in AMR

FUTURE SCOPE

As a further implementation to the developed model we can assemble GPS module in order to identify exact location power theft thereby identifying power theft at an ease.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

COMPONENTS USED:

I. Arduino UNO

II. ESP8266

III. GSM module

IV. Liquid crystal display

V. Current transformer

VI. Bridge rectifier

VII. Voltage Regulator (LM1117)

VIII. Resistor

IX. Capacitor

Block Diagram 

Final Deliverable of the Project Hardware SystemCore Industry Energy Other IndustriesCore Technology Internet of Things (IoT)Other TechnologiesSustainable Development Goals Decent Work and Economic Growth, Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure, Sustainable Cities and Communities, Responsible Consumption and ProductionRequired Resources

Item Name	Type	No. of Units	Per Unit Cost (in Rs)	Total (in Rs)
			Total in (Rs)	58000
STM32F030F4P6 TSSOP-20 SMD ARM based 32-bit MCU	Equipment	10	900	9000
ACS758 100A Hall Effect Current Sensor	Equipment	10	1400	14000
SIM800L GPRS GSM Module With Antenna	Equipment	10	1300	13000
Power Supply Unit for Circuit Operation	Equipment	10	500	5000
PCB Manufacturing (Dimension: 100*70mm, thickness: 1.6, color: green,	Equipment	10	500	5000
Enclosure Box Manufacturing	Equipment	10	500	5000
PCB Component stuffing	Equipment	10	500	5000
Assembling and Connections	Equipment	10	200	2000