Implementation Of Automatic Transfer Switching For Hybrid Supplies

The main aim of any electric power supply in the world is to provide an uninterrupted power supply at all times to all its consumers. Although, in under developing countries like Pakistan, the electric power generated to meet the demands of the growing consumers of electricity is insufficient, hence

Project Title

Implementation Of Automatic Transfer Switching For Hybrid Supplies

Project Area of Specialization

Electrical/Electronic Engineering

Project Summary

The main aim of any electric power supply in the world is to provide an uninterrupted power supply at all times to all its consumers. Although, in under developing countries like Pakistan, the electric power generated to meet the demands of the growing consumers of electricity is insufficient, hence power instability or outage. Power instability and outage, in general, does not promote development in the public and private sector of the country’s economy. The investors do not feel secure to come into a country with constant power failure. These limit the development of industries, in addition, there are processes that cannot be interrupted because of their importance for instance, surgery operation in hospitals, transfer of money between banks and lots more. Power instability and outage in Pakistan create a need for an alternative source of power to back up the mains supply. A microcontroller-based automatic power changeover finds a wide application scope wherever the reliability of electrical supply from the utilities is low and it is used in areas wherever continuity of power supply is necessary, for switching to an alternative source from the main supply and vice versa. This project is a design and construction of a microcontroller-based automatic power changeover, that means the automatic changeover switch will change to an alternative power supply (generator), and back to the main supply when it is restored. The purpose of this project is to maintain a constant supply to the main circuit that is being supplied by making-up for the time-lapse or delay that usually accompanies the manual switching from one source to another.

Project Objectives

The major aim of this work is to provide a very affordable means of automatically switching between the alternative power supply systems and the utility power supply without human intervention. It has been observed over the years that power instability has caused companies to lose millions of Rupees each time there is a power failure, as a result of the time lag between power failures and when the power is restored. This is evident in hospitals, airports, banks, telecommunication companies, breweries, cold rooms, and abattoirs to mention but a few.This system is designated to proffer solutions to the shortcomings of the already existing manual changeovers by performing power swap from public power to generators automatically and vice versa. The devised system has the ability to eliminate the stress and to reduce time lag of manually switching on the alternative supply where there is a public power failure

Project Implementation Method

From various surveys in the industrial sector of Pakistan, it was generally noticed that industries are vulnerable to long and short interruptions (that are considered “reliability issues”, in the power system analysis).

The single-phased automatic changeover switch to design is a complete system with various sub-systems and components arranged and linked to function primarily as a means of manipulating the supply of electrical power to any desired load

A changeover switch can be generally described as a device that allows the conversion from one power source to another (for example, supply from WAPDA to supply from a standby generator or Solar system). The switching obtainable from the changeover switch is usually manual, that is the user has to move a lever to change from one source to another. This is usually associated with time wasting as well as some health hazards like electric shock and trauma.

In order to eliminate this human intervention as well as introduce speed and precision in the changeover operation there is need for an automatic changeover switch. This is typically a switching system whose function is based on the predetermined configuration unit. It selects the available power source without intervention of the user to ensure the availability of supply at the desired times provided from one source to another can only be achieved by device or a system that determines when the change should actually take place and which source to be given preferences to supply the load. This brings about the need for a unique control system.The basic problem to be addressed here is how to connect multiple different sources of electrical power simultaneously to a single unit (the automatic changeover switch) that can serve as a link between these power sources and the load or network. Moreover, preference is given to the power source such that one source supplies the load at a time and when the first (mains) source fails, the link immediately connects the second (generator or Solar) source to the load.

Benefits of the Project

This work serves the purpose of saving the electrical appliances in a household and offices from power fluctuation-related damages which could be occasioned by overloading of unprotected changeover switches. Such a device protects electrical appliances from possible harmful effects of voltage sag. It provides an average user the comfort of enjoying the use of electrical appliances at home and offices without the interruption of work and switching over between the public power source and an alternative power source. The convenience of not having to walk all the way to the alternative power supply source to turn it off or on is also provided.

Including the Solar system as a third power source makes the Changeover a hybrid model of an automatic transfer switch.

It can also create entrepreneurship opportunity for our teeming unemployed youths of the country owing to the large number of people that use alternative power supply that seek automatic changeover from the public power supply to the alternative power supply

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

Considering the high frequency at which the public utility power fluctuates, users in their various homes and offices always require to temporarily stop work to go to their changeover switch box and toggle it as many times as the power fails or get the power restored. They are also expected to go to their generators and turn off as often as the public power supply fails.

Constructing a phase/generator/solar intelligent switching system (automatic changeover system with a microcontroller) that can toggle automatically and then off the generating set, will reduce the time and energy spent in changing over from time to time. This will allow the user more time and concentration to attend the task at hand, the user will, in addition enjoy long term steady and uninterrupted supply of power. It has the following advantages;

• It minimizes damages lives/equipment since it has its own monitoring system and its switching requires no human contact with the switch, thus eliminating human error.
• It reduces its changeover timing to the minimum due to its fast response to power outage.

It maintains high quality of service through its fast and prompt response

Final Deliverable of the Project

Hardware System

Core Industry

Energy

Other Industries

IT

Core Technology

Artificial Intelligence(AI)

Other Technologies

Others

Sustainable Development Goals

Affordable and Clean Energy

Required Resources

If you need this project, please contact me on contact@adikhanofficial.com