HYBRID POWER GENERATION

Summary (Hybrid Power Generation) Renewable energy produces only small levels of carbon emissions and therefore, helps battle climate change caused by fossil fuel burning. Renewable energy sector is comparatively new in most countries and this sector can attract a lot of companies to invest in it. T

Project Title

HYBRID POWER GENERATION

Project Area of Specialization

Electrical/Electronic Engineering

Project Summary

Summary (Hybrid Power Generation) Renewable energy produces only small levels of carbon emissions and therefore, helps battle climate change caused by fossil fuel burning. Renewable energy sector is comparatively new in most countries and this sector can attract a lot of companies to invest in it. This can create a pool of new jobs for the unemployed. Hybrid power Generation source can help to sought out the crisis of energy we are facing in Pakistan. Because of Electricity crisis and lack of power Transmission lines in most of rural and remote areas we have to implement these techniques to sought out that crisis. Hybrid Power System: Hybrid power are combinations between different technologies to produce power. ... Hybrid power plants often contain a renewable energy component (such as PV) that is balanced via a second form of generation or storage such as a diesel genset, fuel cell or battery storage system. Biogas can be utilized instead of Conventional fuels. Hybrid Power Source may include different sources (1) Solar (2) Biogas (3) Wind (4) Hydel Energy (4) Biomass Our project is based on three sources 1: Biogas Generator 2: Wind Turbine 3: Solar Panel 1: Biogas: Biogas is known as an environmentally friendly energy source because it alleviates two major environmental problems simultaneously: 1. The global waste epidemic that releases dangerous levels of methane gas every day 2. The reliance on fossil fuel energy to meet global energy demand By converting organic waste into energy, biogas is utilizing nature’s elegant tendency to recycle substances into productive resources. Biogas generation recovers waste materials that would otherwise pollute landfills; prevents the use of toxic chemicals in sewage treatment plants, and saves money, energy, and material by treating waste on-site. Moreover, biogas usage does not require fossil fuel extraction to produce energy. Wind Turbine: A wind turbine is a rotating device which converts kinetic energy of Air Mechanical Energy. Mechanical Energy can be converted into electrical energy or it can be used to pump water or grind crops, if it is used to make electrical energy it called turbine and when used for grinding or pumping called windmill. Wind turbines operate on a simple principle. The energy in the wind turns two or three propeller-like blades around a rotor. The rotor is connected to the main shaft, which spins a generator to create electricity. Solar Panels: The term Solar Panel is used colloquially for a photo-voltaic (PV) module. A PV module is an assembly of photo-voltaic cells mounted in a framework for installation. Photo-voltaic cells use sunlight as a source of energy and generate direct current electricity. A collection of PV modules is called a PV Panel, and a system of Panels is an Array. Arrays of a photovoltaic system supply solar electricity to electrical equipment.

Project Objectives

Project objectives INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL of RENEWABLE ENERGY RESEARCH A.S. Aziz et al., Vol.8, No.2, June, ch Ali Saleh Aziz‡, Mohammad Farid 1. Introduction The growth of world population and development of industrialization sector are the main reasons for the increasing the demand of electricity. Non-renewable resources such as oil, coals, and gas are used in the conventional electricity generation systems. However, using of these sources gives a share in the increment of emissions, which are hazardous to the atmosphere. Consumption of fossil fuel has several negative effects such as air and coastal pollutions, deforestation, biodiversity loss and deterioration. The prevailing energy crisis in Pakistan is taking away 2 percent (or Rs 380 billion) of the economy, despite the government has spent Rs 1.1 trillion as subsidies on the sector in the last four-year which accounts for 2.5 percent of the total volume of economy. Fossil Fuels v/s Renewable Sources: The difference between the two isn’t as complicated as you may think. Renewable energy comes from natural resources that can be replenished during an average human lifetime and includes the following types of power: • Solar • Wind • Hydro • Geothermal • Biomass Fossil fuels, on the other hand, can take thousands—or even millions—of years to naturally replenish: • Natural gas • Coal • Oil Why Fossil Fuels so bad??? There are plenty of alternatives to the U.S. federal government working right now to develop renewable energy. Renewable energy will replace fossil fuels because they will be less expensive, as reliable, and as convenient as fossil fuels when we burn oil, coal, and gas, we don't just meet our energy needs—we drive the current global warming crisis as well. Fossil fuels produce large quantities of carbon dioxide when burned. Carbon emissions trap heat in the atmosphere and lead to climate change. Hybrid Power Generation (Applications and Feasibility): Hybrid power plants often contain a renewable energy component (such as PV) that is balanced via a second form of generation or storage such as a diesel genset, fuel cell or battery storage system. For the times when neither the wind nor the solar systems are producing, most hybrid systems provide power through batteries and/or an engine generator powered by conventional fuels, such as diesel. If the batteries run low, the engine generator can provide power and recharge the batteries Our Objective is directed towards these problems and to sought out these problems such as energy crisis in Pakistan by utilizing the facilities present in Pakistan. We as a group trying to contribute for betterment by giving this valuable idea which may be helpful for rural population and can be contribute at large scale if development authorities will think about this in future.

Project Implementation Method

Project Implementation Method: Project can be implemented in Pakistan at smaller scales for running a household loads with no interruption because it comprises of three valuable sources in rural areas cow dung and wastes of crops is used to burn fire and dispose like garbage but by this source, they can utilize it. Many household biogas plants are working in Punjab province, Pakistan. Solar panels: Used throughout daytime and also can store energy in battery. Wind turbine: Can be used for storing energy in battery and utilize it when needed Biogas: Can be used for electricity generation by storing it or can be used for cooking and other purposes and residual material of biogas digestor which produces gas through biological process (anerobic fermentation) can be used as fertilizer.

Benefits of the Project

The peak demand for fossil fuels is soon approaching. Although the affordable prices for coal and gas are expected to continue for the immediate future, there is a very real shift occurring in the global energy market. Fossil fuels currently power nearly 63% of electricity in the United States, but Bloomberg’s New Energy Outlook 2017 speculates that due to the demand for cleaner and greener energy, and the increasing affordability of renewable technologies, by 2040, 38% of electricity in the U.S. will be sourced from renewables like solar, wind, and ocean energy.

Burning fossil fuels emits a number of air pollutants that are harmful to both the environment and public health. Sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions, primarily the result of burning coal, contribute to acid rain and the formation of harmful particulate matter.

Hybrid power are combinations between different technologies to produce power.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

TECHNICAL DETAILS OF FINAL DELIVERABLE: It will be prototype of hybrid power generation system which supply energy by utilizing three valuable renewable energy sources which are cheap and easily available for users. 1: Biogas generation system: A system which produce Electric energy by cow dung mixture or any other biomass. It consists following equipment’s: (a) Biogas Digestor (vessel tightly air packed use for biogas production) (b) Electric Generator (for production of electricity by utilizing biogas) (c) Compressor (compresses the biogas) (d) gauges and sensors for temperature measurement because temperature plays a vital role in the Generation of biogas from biomass. (e) Scrubber: (used for removal of C02 present in biogas along with methane) (2) Wind Turbine: (3) Solar panel (4) Automated Conversion System

Final Deliverable of the Project

Hardware System

Core Industry

Energy

Other Industries

Agriculture

Core Technology

Clean Tech

Other Technologies

Clean Tech

Sustainable Development Goals

Affordable and Clean Energy

Required Resources

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