Hardware implementation of a fuzzy logic-based control system for heliostats orientation

we purpose hardware implemenetaion of fuzzy logic based control system for heliostats orientation that mean the Concentration of Solar power at small area by the help of heliostats field and tracking of Sun at each moment. The heliostat consists of a mirror mounted on a mechanical structure with the

Project Title

Hardware implementation of a fuzzy logic-based control system for heliostats orientation

Project Area of Specialization

Electrical/Electronic Engineering

Project Summary

we purpose hardware implemenetaion of fuzzy logic based control system for heliostats orientation that mean the Concentration of Solar power at small area by the help of heliostats field and tracking of Sun at each moment. The heliostat consists of a mirror mounted on a mechanical structure with the necessary electronics to adjust the orientation of the mirror. Tracking is usually done by rotating the mirror around two axes: a vertical axis to track the azimuth of the sun and a horizontal axis to track the elevation with the help of CSI camera.

So our project is central receiver based system, to concentrate a large area of sunlight onto a receiver and this will allow us to generate more electricity while in this project we control the heliostats orientation. Afterward the (FLC) fuzzy logic controller rotate the heliostat to desired position. This system can be adapted to control other two axis Solar-tracking system.

Project Objectives

1. The purpose is to concentrate a large area of sunlight onto a receiver.
2. Design the model and mechanical structure for heliostat field.
3. To control the rotation of all heliostats at each moment of sun.
4. To make it more accurate and Minimize errors.
5. To achieve more energy from the sun.

Project Implementation Method

The system is calculating more accurate values in sun tracking and extract data from the image processing the figure are given bellow. These extracting data are use as input of the motor which rotate the heliostat. Then reflection rays from heliostat are fall on desired position. In project there are 15 heliostats and one of them is master heliostat are also known as parent heliostat. The First operation when the master heliostat rotates in 180 degrees then at one instant the sun beam will fall on the receiver at that time its 180 degrees’ operation will stop. After this operation the centralization process will start which take image of the receiver where the sun beam has fall then decode that image to get the (Region of interest) ROI and the ROI extract data which will compare with reference image. After Comparison of both images then the system give output for motors. Finally, when the parent heliostat on the right track then the remaining fourteen heliostats also known as child heliostat will take turns getting back on track.

 Figure 1 heliostat with receiver and control system by feedback camera

Algorithm:

At the starting point, heliostat rotate 180 degrees still the sun image or beam will fall on receiver. When the sun beam falls at any region of the receiver then the camera takes the image of receiver where the beam light is existed. Then decode the image-by-image pre- processor and select the region of interest (ROI) on the image. After that to segment region of interest in four Quad because we should know to determine at which quadrate the sun beam are existing then it became easy to compare with reference image. The reference image is image of centralize beam on target. After comparing of both images (current image and reference image), its output will control or command motors of heliostats.

Figure 2 Algorithm of project

Solar Tracking methods:
The tracking of the sun has two methods. First one is open loop which have no return feedback the system controls the azimuth and elevation angle at every point of time based on the location at field. the position of the sun is calculated by astronomical equation that give the information about time, longitude, and latitude. and second method which will use in project is closed loop tracking method which are more suitable and accurate. in which using of sensor as feedback to determine temperature at receiver. the sensor relates to the control mirror and the receiver.

Flux measurement system:
The system contains 5-megapixel camera which maintain the sun flux on the target which are connect to the motor of master heliostat and control the angle of motor at each instant. the camera is using as a input and embedded a ground with master heliostat. the camera focus at 4X4 inch receiver. when rays fall at any region of receiver then control system centralize it by camera and check its position on every minute.

Benefits of the Project

The world energy demand is growing rapidly, and the earth fuels is getting less and less. It is Destructive for human race and future generation will be deprived of it. Besides use of the fuel gives harmful smoke after burning. it will be poison to us and our earth because the global warming and ozone layer damaging is increasing gradually. The earth glaciers are melting. So, we need to save our world from destruction. Finally, the solution is that human can achieve energy from the sun rays considering our demand. The solar system will provide the green energy which are unlimited and never run out. It is not harmful for human

Exactly, this project main purpose is to control heliostat orientation to achieve more energy from Sun. The system is the type of solar collector system in which the tracking of the sun with every minute and control the heliostat (mirror) rotation. This project have many benefits which are given bellow.

1. Main benefits is to save save our world from destruction like as pollution, Global warming, glaciers melting, Forests began vanishing and world's oil reserves is depleted.
2. Collect Solar energy at large scale by heliostats then utilize that Heat at more places like as generation of electricity etc.
3. Solar thermal technologies have emerged for large scale power generation.
4. CSP has become one of the mainstream power generation solutions.
5.  As of 2020, Spain recorded the highest installed concentrated solar power (CSP) capacity in the world, with 2.3 gigawatts. The United States ranked second and Morocco third, with 1.8 gigawatts and 540 megawatts, respectively.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

The deliverable would include a working prototype with control system for the extraction of maximum thermal efficiency from the incident sun rays. This would help in harvesting the solar power potential of Balochistan province in particular and the country in general. The eventual impact and scope of this project spans a very significant area of power generation and would help in mitigation of energy crisis in the country as well

Final Deliverable of the Project

HW/SW integrated system

Core Industry

Energy

Other Industries

IT

Core Technology

Artificial Intelligence(AI)

Other Technologies

Internet of Things (IoT), 3D/4D Printing, Robotics, Clean Tech

Sustainable Development Goals

Affordable and Clean Energy, Sustainable Cities and Communities, Climate Action, Life on Land

Required Resources

If you need this project, please contact me on contact@adikhanofficial.com