GSM Based Home Security, Automation and Safety

Project Title

GSM Based Home Security, Automation and Safety

Project Area of Specialization Internet of ThingsProject Summary

Project Summary:

Every year, overnight gas leakage at homes has caused significant number of fatalities in Pakistan. The situation gets worse in winter and demands proper monitoring and control of heating devices. Another safety issue is the surveillance of buildings to prevent any unauthorized access. We are here proposing a project which monitors and controls the devices with the help of a smart phone. Our project involves a GSM-based device control, gas leakage monitoring, & home security system. Our idea is developing a simpler, multipurpose, cost-effective design to control the switching mechanism of various devices via short message service (SMS). The proposed system can robustly manage any crisis in the absence of a supervisor at the work place or home. Detecting the presence of any unauthorized person in any specific time interval, it triggers an alarm & sets up a call or SMS to a predefined number through a GSM modem. This highly sensitive approach has low computational requirements therefore is well-suited to surveillance, industrial applications and smart environments. Using GSM networks, a control system has been proposed that will act as an embedded system which can monitor and control appliances and other devices locally using built-in input and output peripherals. This fully automated system offers simplicity, reliability, and ease of use to the consumers; being compatible to the situations where presences near the devices poses a significant threat to safety. Our aim is to automate the gas control in common houses to eradicate the dangers of injuries and deaths due to leakages. Gas sensors will be used to monitor the concentration levels of gases and then automatically control the gas-flow through a solenoid valve. Solenoid valve is an electromagnetic valve which will be regulated through an ARDUINO.

Project Objectives

Project Objectives:

            Home security is reason of concern for every society. The increasing numbers of theft reports every year has highlighted his problem, most of these house breaks occur when owners are not at their place. So, living in a world of technology we need a smart solution for this problem, this is possible by designing a system which informs the user as soon as there is any breach in the house.Another feature of this project is home automation. This feature is enabling us to control home appliances through short message service using GSM. This saves time and it is very helpful to control multiple appliances which can save energy and solves the problem of energy wastage when not required.Another important feature of project is that we are using solenoid valve to control gas flow. This has been a major cause of accidental deaths in all around the world. In 2009, 784 people died of unintentional injuries due to non-fire exposure to gases and almost 33,600 injuries were reported.In UK, with 31 deaths and 1091 gas related injuries it has been a problem for even developed countries. in Pakistan the condition is more severe.

For security purpose, the sensors will detect suspicious activity and generate a signal to inform Arduino to send an alert message to user using GSM.For automation purpose, user will control the appliances through messages which is done by GSM which is connected to Arduino which controls the relay to on and off home appliances.For safety purpose, smoke sensors and gas sensors are used for detection of fire or gas leakage.Gas sensors will sense excessive amount of carbon mono-oxide and send signal to Arduino which controls a solenoid valve through a relay which will be turned off automatically and informs user as well.In case of a fire, the fire sensors will send signals to Arduino to cut off electrical supply which is controlled by Arduino through relay.

• This project will be used at homes and industry for security, automation and safety.

• It can be used to analyze the workplace environment i.e temperature.
• It can be used for protection against gas leakages for safety purposes.
• It will be used for automation of home appliances that saves time and power.
• It could be a future milestone for automation in industries. 

Project Implementation Method

1. Methodology :

1.1. Home security :

          The project here is all about a Home security system, in this project we have planned to develop a Home security system.The area under surveillance is monitored by a motion detector which activates the transmitter upon the detection of abrupt differences in infrared radiation levels, associated with the presence of a warm body in an otherwise calibrated environment. A radio signal is emitted by the transmitter which is received by the portable hand-held remote receiver. Once the intrusion detector is activated, the signal is continuously transmitted to the portable receiver until the intrusion detector has been reset.  

1.2. Home Automation :

           When control unit is powered and operating properly, the process of controlling a device connected to the interface will proceed when remote user sends text messages including commands to the receiver.GSM receiver receives messages sent from the user cell phone.GSM receiver decodes the sent message and sends the commands to the arduino.Arduino issues commands to the appliances and the devices connected will switch ON/OFF.GSM Module sends back Information to the Remote user.

1.3. Safety :

           People want safety from various household accidents like gas leaks, fire, LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) cylinder blasts and other such accidents. Solenoid valve is used to control gas flow in the gas devices. When the current is supplied normally the valve has elector-mechanical process which controls ferromagnetic core which supplies and cut off gas supply. When the concentration of gas is higher than safety limits, gas sensor will send signal to Arduino which will cut the current supply to gas valve. As a result, flow of gas in the concentrated area will stop and safety standard can be maintained.

Benefits of the Project

Benefits of project:

             The scope GSM Based home security and automation project are very great considering the amount of time and resources it saves. The project itself can be modified to achieve a complete Home Automation system which will then create a platform for the user to interface between himself and the household.The control system will include two separate units: the cellular phone, and the control unit. There will therefore be two operating environments. The cellular phone will operate indoors and outdoors whereas the control unit will operate indoors within the temperature and humidity limits for proper operation of the hardware. This system is aimed toward all the average users who wish to control their household remotely by their cell phones provided that the home is controllable from different disasters. Example of feasible security and applications under consideration include; theft and fire are problems to be addressed by the project.

Some of the important benefits of the project are:

• Provision of low cost security system.
• Cost effective project to control the wastage of energy in common household.the user can control electronic devices in his house through mobile phone and prevent any wanted energy usage.
• Life saving feature of gas control system to prevent accidental injuries and deaths due to exposure to unwanted gas leakages.
• A security system which enables user to take full control of home security and updates him about current conditions on his mobile phone.
• This project can expanded to the industries for maintaining optimum temperature in a work place.
• This project gives a reliable alert system in case of fire.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

Technical Details of Final Deliverable:

        Home automation system which will work with arduino and GSM.The user will send commands to GSM to control the electronic appliances which will save time and energy.GSM is combination of TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access), FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple Access) and Frequency hopping.GSM use two frequency bands of 25 MHz width : 890 to 915 MHz frequency band for up-link and 935 to 960 MHz frequency for down-link.GSM takes commands from a user and pass it to arduino which will execute it according to requirement.system will be able to control electronic appliances in case of any wastage of energy.

        Home security features of the project are covered by using motion detection sensor and ultrasonic sensor.motion detection sensor will work outside and ultrasonic sensor will work inside which will give double layer security. Ultrasonic sensor is a sensor that works on principle similar to radar or sonar. It generates high frequency sound and calculate the time interval between the sending of signal and the receiving of echo.Detect the pulse width of echo signal sent back.a motion detection sensor will work to detect any unwanted movement outside which will work on the principle off Doppler effect which says that the receiver of the sensor processes the transmitted signal with the received signal reflected from a target. Due to the Doppler effect, the mutual speed of an object related to the antenna causes a frequency shift.

        Home safety feature will work with the smoke ,temperature and gas sensors which will sense any unhealthy change in the environment the temperature sensor consist of a humidity sensing component, a NTC temperature sensor (or thermistor) and an IC on the back side of the sensor.the sensor will detect the temperature and send the data to arduino and then the gsm will send the alert message to the user.Smoke sensor (MQ2 is one of the commonly used gas sensors in MQ sensor series.MQ2 Gas sensor works on 5V DC and draws around 800mW. It can detect LPG, Smoke, Alcohol, Propane, Hydrogen, Methane and Carbon Monoxide concentrations anywhere from 200 to 10000ppm). and Gas sensor(The sensor can measure concentrations of CO from 10 to 1,000 ppm and flammable gas from 100 to 10,000 ppm.The sensor can operate at temperatures from -10 to 50°C and consumes less than 150 mA at 5 V) will also work to detect the gas and smoke and send data to arduino.

Solenoid valve will work to control the gas leakages as when gas sensor will detect the excess amount of gas in air it will send a signal to arduino to turn off gas solenoid valve as arduino sends an electric current through the coil which creates a magnetic field. The magnetic field exerts a force on the plunger. As a result, the plunger is pulled toward the centre of the coil so that the orifice opens. This is the basic principle that is used to open and close solenoid valves. 

In case of securitry breach and gas leakages arduino will send an alert text to user through GSM

Final Deliverable of the Project Hardware SystemCore Industry TelecommunicationOther Industries Others , Security Core Technology Internet of Things (IoT)Other TechnologiesSustainable Development Goals Good Health and Well-Being for PeopleRequired Resources

Item Name	Type	No. of Units	Per Unit Cost (in Rs)	Total (in Rs)
			Total in (Rs)	40810
Arduino Mega	Equipment	1	1300	1300
GSM Module	Equipment	2	2500	5000
Gas Sensor (MQ-6)	Equipment	2	300	600
Gas Sensor (MQ-9)	Equipment	2	300	600
Smoke Sensor (MQ-2)	Equipment	2	300	600
Temperature Sensor (DHT11)	Equipment	2	330	660
Motion Detection Sensor (RCWL-0516)	Equipment	2	250	500
Ultrasonic Sensor (HC-SR04)	Equipment	2	450	900
Solenoid Valve	Equipment	2	300	600
Adapter	Equipment	1	500	500
Wires	Equipment	5	300	1500
Relay Module	Equipment	5	250	1250
Frame for Project	Equipment	1	5000	5000
Bread Board	Equipment	2	100	200
Transportation	Miscellaneous	10	1000	10000
Equipment failure or losses	Equipment	10	1000	10000
Arduino UNO	Equipment	2	800	1600