Embedded System Based Hardware Implementation Of a Speed & Torque Controller for AC Machine Using The Vector Control Strategy.
Summary: As a well known fact about the asynchronous machine, some natural limitations are faced with a V/Hz control approach. Field oriented control (FOC) which is also called vector control allows you to get around these limitations, by decoupling the effect of th
Project Title
Embedded System Based Hardware Implementation Of a Speed & Torque Controller for AC Machine Using The Vector Control Strategy.
Project Area of Specialization
Project Summary
Summary:
As a well known fact about the asynchronous machine, some natural limitations are faced with a V/Hz control approach. Field oriented control (FOC) which is also called vector control allows you to get around these limitations, by decoupling the effect of the torque and the magnetizing flux. With decoupled control of the magnetization, the torque producing component of the stator flux can now be thought of as independent torque control. Decoupled control, at low speeds, the magnetization can be maintained at the proper level, and the torque can be controlled to regulate the speed.
To decouple the torque and flux, it is necessary to engage several mathematical transforms, and this is where the microcontrollers add the most value. The processing capability provided by the microcontrollers enables these mathematical transformations to be carried out very quickly. This in turn implies that the entire algorithm controlling the motor can be executed at a fast rate, enabling higher dynamic performance. In addition to the decoupling, a dynamic model of the motor is now used for the computation of many quantities such as rotor flux angle and rotor speed. This means that their effect is accounted for, and the overall quality of control is better.
Project Objectives
Project Objectives:
The main aim of this Final Year Project (FYP) is to implement and evaluate a high performance sensor less vector control drive. A flux and speed observer is employed to obtain flux and speed estimates needed to achieve field orientation and speed control. The torque and speed dynamic performance of such a sensor less system depends on the degree of accuracy by which the different parameters of the machine are known. A study to determine the extent up to which the different parameters affect the speed holding capability, speed dynamic performance and speed loop stability of the sensor less drive has been therefore carried out. It will be shown that the rotor time constant Tr is the most influential parameter regarding speed estimate accuracy and that an accurate knowledge of the stator resistance Rs is of paramount importance for attaining good speed loop bandwidths and for low speed operation. Therefore on-line adaption algorithms for stator resistance and rotor time constant are developed as a fundamental part of this work.
Project Implementation Method
Implementation methodology:
The Field Oriented Control (FOC) consists of controlling the stator currents represented by a vector. This control is based on projections that transform a three phase time and speed dependent system into a two coordinate (d and q coordinates) time invariant system. These projections lead to a structure similar to that of a DC machine control. FOC machines need two constants as input references: the torque component (aligned with the q coordinate) and the flux component (aligned with d coordinate). As FOC is simply based on projections, the control structure handles instantaneous electrical quantities. This makes the control accurate in every working operation (steady state and transient) and independent of the limited bandwidth mathematical model.
Benefits of the Project
Benefits of the Project:
The Benefits of Field Oriented Control (FOC) of Induction Motor are:
At times we need a dynamic response of an induction machine.
The goal is to achieve the desired final state of a dynamic system in minimum time.
Allowing a near-instantaneous control of the torque.
Potential cost and energy savings through increasing the performance and efficiency of electric motors used in industrial applications is significant & Cost effective system.
Technical Details of Final Deliverable
Technical deliverables at the end of the project will be following:
1. Microcontrolers x2
2. Current sensors x3
3. RPM sensor
4. Filters.
5. SVPWM Inverter.
Final Deliverable of the Project
Core Industry
Other Industries
Core Technology
Other Technologies
Sustainable Development Goals
Required Resources
| Item Name | Type | No. of Units | Per Unit Cost (in Rs) | Total (in Rs) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| sct-013-010 | Equipment | 3 | 1200 | 3600 |
| Arduino Uno | Equipment | 1 | 950 | 950 |
| Arduino Due | Equipment | 1 | 3200 | 3200 |
| Arduino nano | Equipment | 1 | 650 | 650 |
| DL 1021 | Equipment | 1 | 23000 | 23000 |
| Lm-393 | Equipment | 1 | 320 | 320 |
| SVPWM Inverter (complete package) | Equipment | 1 | 19000 | 19000 |
| soldering wire | Miscellaneous | 1 | 600 | 600 |
| Extra Hardware (Including resistors capacitors eic) | Miscellaneous | 2 | 1000 | 2000 |
| Total in (Rs) | 53320 |
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