Eco toxicology and Genotoxicity of Metal Nano particles

Project Title

Eco toxicology and Genotoxicity of Metal Nano particles

Project Area of Specialization Biomedical EngineeringProject Summary

The uses of nanoparticles (NPs) are increasing day by day in every feild of science. Due to increased use of  NP it is necessary to assess their negative impact on organism. Metal NPs, in particular, have received increasing interest due to their widespread medical, consumer, industrial, and military applications. However, as particle siz decreases, some metal bases NPs are showing increased in toxicoity. Thus, the aim of aur project is to assess the genotoxicity of cobalt doped zinc oxide NPs on eukaryotes and prokaryotes which can damage the unicellular and multicelluear organism in vitro and invivo. The prokaryote which we use in our project is yeast and lactobacillus and eukaryotes are rates, Drosophila melanogaster (common fruit fly) and nicotiana tabacum plant.

Project Objectives

Presently, nanoparticles have revolutionized every feilf of science and technology and have many application and promises to offer. However, their safty and toxicity id still a concern. In this regard the current study is aimed to investigate the potential toxicity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles both on eukaryotes and prokaryoyes cell models.

To achieved this goal following objectives would be followed:

• Synthesis of cobalt doped zinc oxide nanoparticles.
• Hemolytic activity, to check the biocompatibility.
• Minimal Inhibitory Cconcentration would b perform to evaluate the antimicrobial potential.
• Comet Assay will be carreid out to evaluate the Genotoxicity caused by cobalt doped zinc oxide nanoparticles.
• Micrinucleaus Assay to check micronuclei caused by cobalt doped zinc oxide nanoparticles.
• Gel fragmentation

Project Implementation Method

project implementation methods included in vitro and in vivi testing of organisms. like we will do different methods like:

Comet Assay and Gel Electrophoresis:
It is one of the most sophistical techniques to check genotoxicity. Comet assay is a reliable technique
through which we can check DNA damage. In the current project, we used this technique to assess the
genotoxicity of nanoparticles. In this method first step is to lyse the cells by using salts and detergents. Second step is electrophoresis, from lysed cell DNA is released and then electrophoresed in an agarose gel under alkaline PH conditions. Those cells will migrate quickly towards anode which contains increased amount of double stranded breaks. This technique is reliable and because it is easy, cheaper than other techniques. It requires very small amount of cells and it displays result quickly.

Hemolysis:
Hemolysis is rupturing of red blood cells and release of hemoglobin into blood stream. It is one of the most efficient methods used to check toxicity or biocompatibility of nanoparticles.

Minimum Inhibitory Concentration:
It is the lowest concentration of antimicrobial agent which prevents the growth of microorganism.

Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) is the lowest concentration of an antimicrobial (like an antifungal or antibiotic) drug that will inhibit the visible growth of a microorganism after overnight incubation. Completely inhibits the initiation of growth of a particular bacterium under standardized in vitro conditions. 

Micronucleaus Assay: we will find out that is zinc oxide damage the chromosomes and make small micronuclie or not.

Benefits of the Project

In our project we are improving the medicine by finding the genotoxicity.
These tests should enable the identification of hazard with respect to DNA damage and fixation.
A new field will be open for people. people will check the genotoxicity when ever thay will find the toxicity of any drug.

when nanoparticles are use as drug so the pharmaceutical company basically se the toxicity level on the body but do not check the toxicity on gene. Due to which some
durgs like nanoparticles have long time side effects on our genome. so the study of which is very beneficial. 

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

We have to achieve nanoparticles that will be toxic to the environment. As nanoparticles are being used in a lot of fields so we work on their toxicity and we get to know that they are toxic. It is beneficial in a way as we check its toxicity for environment so we get to know that this is not safe and we have to be careful in the future. In future how we modify it and use it for the safety to reduce toxicity. By achieving this we will establish standard tests for checking the toxicity of different chemicals like pesticides, fertilizers, paints, sprays etc.

Final Deliverable of the Project HW/SW integrated systemCore Industry HealthOther Industries Medical Core Technology OthersOther Technologies Wearables and ImplantablesSustainable Development Goals Good Health and Well-Being for PeopleRequired Resources