Eco-friendly refrigeration using thermometric

This solar powered peltier refrigerator is more reliable than other portable refrigerators. It is cost efficient and eco- friendly which is the most wanted requirement of today?s era. By controlling the temperature range of the cooling unit, it can be used in various sectors like for in the r

Project Title

Eco-friendly refrigeration using thermometric

Project Area of Specialization

Electrical/Electronic Engineering

Project Summary

This solar powered peltier refrigerator is more reliable than other portable refrigerators. It is cost efficient and eco- friendly which is the most wanted requirement of today’s era. By controlling the temperature range of the cooling unit, it

can be used in various sectors like for in the rural areas where dairy products need a lot of attention, near the coasts from where the marine edibles need to be transported to the market area, medical area for storing blood and pharmaceuticals.

The efficiency of the refrigerator can be increased by increasing the number of peltier plate module which will eventually help in decreasing the temperature in less time. Number of peltier plate modules used can be calculated using the heat transfer formula

This work reviews the present researches which are done technology which is cooler and thermoelectric in nature. It gives us some idea of its usage in various cooling methodologies. It has a mode for cooling for different types of material. The observations are as follows: This TECT system can be divided into two types i.e. TSC and TAC. Its performance is highly influenced by the materials which are thermoelectric in nature. These types of materials can be considered as valuable as bio thermal batteries. It is also present in solid state thermoelectric cooling and optoelectronic devices, space and automotive power generator. Higher the ZT value, better will the thermoelectric material numerous efforts has been done to improve the value of ZT .In the type of module which is thermoelectric in nature, a voltage, dc in nature is moved through the meeting point which is connected for the module, whose side is cooled and the other side is also heated. The results which we get from this type of fan system with module which is thermoelectric in nature .System are compared with those from the old fan system. The results which we get are expected to provide details that will help us to continue this development and designing the fan system with module which is thermoelectric in nature with performance of a higher notch. Solar still, invented in 1872 is thermoelectrically active device which will help people in simplifying their day to day activities like desalination of water in an easy and cheaper way.

Project Objectives

a) To design and fabricate Micro refrigerator using the Peltier Effect.

b) To choose a Peltier module of less power.

c) Using water cooled duct as a heat sink to extract heat from hot side of the module.

d) To choose the best insulation for the cooling chambers.

e) Doing experiments to choose the best material available to which the cooling transfer capability of Peltier module will be greater.

f) Design the non-conducting lid for the cooling chamber

Project Implementation Method

3.1    Steps in the construction of fridge

• Firstly a box of thermol is given dimensions and the interior aluminium sheet is made and fixed into it.
• The Aluminium Sheet is attached the Heat Sinks using Thermal paste.
• The outermost body is made from plywood.
• Base of the evaporator is attached with cold side of the Peltier and hot side is attached to a heat sink which is submerged in sump water.
• The Sump is placed beneath evaporator has a pump and heat sink submerged in it.

3.2   Working:

• The Fridge is provided power supply form a 12 volt DC 7.5 Amp Battery.
• To Start the Fridge, The Switch on the Fridge is turned on.
• When the switch is turned on the peltier devices and pump start functioning.
• The water from sump is pumped to the upper smaller rectangle and directs to the hotter side of the peltier.
• The hot side of Second Peltier is cooled by the sump.
• Cold side of both peltier transfer the chilling effect to the evaporator.

The inner cabinet is made air tight with 4 mm of medium density fiber board of 30 cm × 30 cm × 14cm which is internally covered with aluminium sheet from all sides having a total capacity of 12.5 liters. The cabinet is insulated by

3 cm thick polystyrene sheet from outside for thermal insulation from surrounding and the polystyrene sheet is covered with 4 mm of medium density fibre board for maintaining the rigidity of the cabinet. The door is attached with hinges for better and easy movement of it.

3.2.1.1 Dimensions

.

Benefits of the Project

Thermoelectric (TE) cooling technology has many advantages over the conventional vapor-compression cooling systems. These include: they are more compacted devices with less maintenance necessities, have lower levels of vibration and noise, and have a more precise control over the temperature.

The utilization of a thermoelectric cooling system to cool electronic/electrical enclosures provides a number of significant advantages for certain applications when compared to other cooling methods such as compressor based air conditioners, vortex coolers, and air-to-air heat exchangers (heat pipes). These include:

Reliability: Thermoelectric air conditioners exhibit very high reliability due to their solid-state construction. Although reliability is somewhat application dependent, the life (MTBF) of a thermoelectric module in a typical thermoelectric cooling system is greater than 150,000 hours. In comparison, the life (MTBF) of a compressor in typical refrigerant based system is less than 100,000 hours. Because of their reliability, thermoelectric cooling systems often are used in remote locations, where they provide trouble-free service with minimal monitoring.

Maintenance: A thermoelectric cooling system has few moving parts and no filters or oil so it is virtually maintenance free, with the only moving parts being the fans used to circulate the air across the heat sinks. Compressor based systems require periodic changing of filters and charging of the refrigerant. Vortex coolers require filters/separators to remove particulate, oil and moisture from the air supply, which need to be changed or drained on a regular basis.

Size & Weight: Thermoelectric air conditioners offer a cooling system of moderate size and weight that is comparable to compressor-based air conditioners and air-to-air heat exchangers. Vortex coolers are considerably smaller, but must rely on a much larger plant air system to operate.

Environmentally Friendly: Unlike compressor-based air conditioners, thermoelectric air conditioners do not need chemical refrigerants (CFCs, HCFCs or oils) that are harmful to the environment.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

The refrigeration unit can cool itself in 7 hours and the temperature reached in two hours is up to 14? C. The cooling unit is efficient enough to maintain the temperature through feedback network system. Temperature and humidity sensor help in monitoring the temperature inside the cooling unit.

Designed and developed an thermoelectric cooling system with a refrigeration space of 12.5 liters capacity enclosed in the box of medium density fiber sheet and insulated by polystyrene sheet. A 2mm thick aluminium sheet is fixed inside the box for uniform distribution of temperature.

Three thermoelectric modules are have been used to reduce the temperature of the cooling system. Each thermoelectric

module is in contact with respective heat sink fans hence helping the hot side of the peltier plate to dissipate more of heat in the surrounding.

? Desired temperature of cold compartment = 14? C

? Ambient temperature = 32? C

? Thermal conductivity of aluminum = 167 W/M

? Dimension of cabinet =30 cm × 30 cm × 14 cm

? Highest ambient temperature a heat sink can handle = Tam = 15? C

Therefore,

Temperature difference = (32? C + Tam ) - 14?

= (32? C + 15? ) - 14?

= 33? C

So, 39? C of heat is to be exchanged or dissipated by the heat sink and peltier module.

Using Newton’s law of cooling:

qc = mCp × (Tam – Tc )

= 12.5 × 4180 (32- 14)

= 940500 J

qc = 940500 / (420 x 18)

qc =124.40 watt

Thus 125 watts to be precise watts to be distributed among three peltier plate module with 41.66 watts per module. Thus, 125 W solar panel as per standard.

Final Deliverable of the Project

Hardware System

Core Industry

Energy

Other Industries

Others

Core Technology

Others

Other Technologies

Clean Tech

Sustainable Development Goals

Affordable and Clean Energy

Required Resources

If you need this project, please contact me on contact@adikhanofficial.com