Domotics using MQTT Protocol

Project Title

Domotics using MQTT Protocol

Project Area of Specialization Internet of ThingsProject Summary

Domotics is building automation for a home which may include light control, climate viewing,
entertainment system and appliances switching. It may involve home security and alarm systems as
well. Our project is a prototype of this home automation system. It all sounds too mainstream if we
don’t add the other part i.e. ‘using MQTT Protocol.’ MQTT stands for Message Queueing Telemetry
Transport. MQTT is a lightweight protocol utilizing publish and subscribe system where you can publish
and receive messages as a client, passing through a MQTT Broker or Server. It is a simple
messaging protocol, designed for constrained devices with low-bandwidth. So, it's the perfect solution
for Internet of Things applications. It has got better security as it uses End to End (E2E) encryption
making it almost impossible for the hackers to breakthrough. It sends information as simple plain text
messages like WhatsApp so its user friendly as well. A conventional Home automation system is
comprised of HTTP protocol which in comparison to MQTT protocol has got more overhead, is slower
and more power consuming. HTTP is more vulnerable to hackers because of its basic security and no
valid encryption. When a message is sent over MQTT protocol of any Topic ( it defines at which
subscriber does the message needs to be sent by the publisher) , it goes to the MQTT cloud (i.e.
Server/Broker) and then it forwards the message to intended Subscriber. In this way, we can easily

control our appliances (Say ON or OFF a Light or a Fan).

Our prototype includes a house model comprising of a kitchen, 2 bedrooms and a living room. The
rooms are fitted with a LED Bulb and a Fan each while kitchen is fitted with a light, temperature sensor
and a flame sensor. A motion sensor has also been installed to get alerted of unnecessary intrusion. The
most exclusive aspect of our project is that we have built our own MQTT broker, which is a server being
responsible for the routing of all messages passing through our system. This makes our system resilient
to malicious attacks. For controlling and monitoring of our prototype, we will be using our own Website
as well as an Android application, so we can control our house from almost any remote area of the
world. A chatbot interactive feature is also destined to be a part of this Domotics to make the system

more user friendly and entertaining.

Project Objectives

There are many Home Automation Devices and projects available in the market, but they consume a lot of energy. The primary target of this project is to automate homes or even corporate offices using minimal energy and with extra authenticity, providing maximum security. The implemented protocol makes it almost vulnerable to unnecessary intervention. These are the main objectives of the project:

• Energy conservation

• Security

•Safety(Accidental alerts)

• Sophistication

• Monitor & control your homes from any part of the world

Project Implementation Method

, we set up a clear path for the project implementation which are listed below as:

1. MQTT Protocol Study
2. IoT understanding
3. Hardware Design
4. Circuit Analysis
5. Hardware Construction
6. Circuit Implementation
7. MQTT protocol installment
8. MQTT broker formation
9. MQTT client formation
10. MQTT implementation on testing devices
11. MQTT implementation on our designed Domotics Hardware
12. Website Development
13. Android Application Development
14. Controlling and Monitoring of all used Appliances
15. Hardware and Software synchronization
16. Reviewing errors and Troubleshooting
17. Enhancement of Physical Representation

Proposed system scenario we created home automation and security using raspberry pi through the MQTT protocol. Various sensors are connected to the raspberry pi through wired. Using MQTT protocol user accesses the devices and views the result. Dashboard is nothing but the web environment from where display sensor reading and access the home devices. The whole project divided into the 3 part embedded system, middleware network, web environment or dashboard.Raspberry pi use as an interface between devices and web dashboard through wireless connection. In this proposed system we used temperature and humidity sensor, smoke detection sensor, Motion detection sensors. We use relay board for connecting the actuators. Second part of the system is network connection. In this proposed system we use MQTT protocol. Factors for selecting the protocol is light weight, fast, consuming less power, Security, etc. MQTT having three component publishers, Broker and Subscriber. In MQTT process receiving and sending data is secure and correct.If user want check or access any information it send the request to the broker and then request pass to the publisher then publisher process and send the correct response to the broker then broker publish to the all subscriber who are subscribe the specified topic.In MQTT Publisher publish the topic and data MQTT broker publish that data to the client which are registered that topic. In Proposed system we use mosquitto broker which publish the topic. Third part of this system is visualizing the data for considering the device independency factor we use web environment. We create web dashboard from where user can access the devices and sensors status. The MQTT customer speaks with each other through the MQTT merchant. The work of MQTT specialist is forward the to all the customer aside from distributer of the message. In MQTT, to send the message there is have to make a theme and after that distribute message utilizing that subject. MQTT representative forward these messages to just those customers who subscribed to that point. In our venture, we are utilizing Paho-python library to distribute the sensor's perusing and gets charges from web Application.

Benefits of the Project

Despite having numerous positive aspects and benefits of this project at both public, commercial and corporate level, a few prominent boons are listed as under:

• Remote Management of your House/Office

MQTT uplifts the Domotics or Home automation system to a whole Revolutionary level as it:

• Distribute information more efficiently
• Increase scalability
• Reduce network bandwidth consumption dramatically
• Reduce update rates to seconds
• Very well-suited for remote sensing and control
• Maximize available bandwidth
• Extremely lightweight overhead
• Very secure with permission-based security
• Used by the oil-and-gas industry, Amazon, Facebook, and other major businesses
• Saves development time
• Publish/subscribe protocol collects more data with less bandwidth compared to polling protocols
• Allows your SCADA system to access IIoT data

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

The Final deliverables of our project are most likely to be:

• A Prototype Wooden Domotics (Home Automation System) powered with MQTT protocol as the backbone with our proprietary MQTT Broker
• Controlling of Appliances and Monitoring of  Sensors through any part of the world i.e. remote management with no physical presence required
• An interactive Website to Control the House Appliances
• An exquisite Android Application for handy House management
• A Chatbot enabled feature for entertaining and user-friendly experience

Final Deliverable of the Project HW/SW integrated systemCore Industry OthersOther Industries IT , Security Core Technology Internet of Things (IoT)Other Technologies Cloud InfrastructureSustainable Development Goals Affordable and Clean EnergyRequired Resources

Item Name	Type	No. of Units	Per Unit Cost (in Rs)	Total (in Rs)
			Total in (Rs)	43540
Raspberry Pi	Equipment	2	8000	16000
NODE MCU	Miscellaneous	2	600	1200
Relay Module	Equipment	8	150	1200
Jumper Wires	Miscellaneous	200	3	600
Motion Sensor	Equipment	2	250	500
Fire Sensor	Equipment	2	120	240
LDR	Equipment	4	50	200
Smart Switch	Equipment	2	750	1500
Portable Fan	Equipment	4	200	800
Energy Saver with socket	Equipment	4	500	2000
Battery Pack/Transformer	Equipment	4	250	1000
Protoype Curcuitory Board	Equipment	1	7500	7500
GSM Module	Equipment	2	3500	7000
Soldering Iron with wire	Miscellaneous	2	400	800
Bread Board	Miscellaneous	5	250	1250
Varrow Board	Miscellaneous	5	300	1500
led	Miscellaneous	5	50	250