Design and Fabrication of Hydro Vortex Turbine

Project Title

Design and Fabrication of Hydro Vortex Turbine

Project Area of Specialization Mechanical EngineeringProject Summary

A Gravitation vortex turbine is a type of hydraulic turbine which converts the potential energy into rotational energy and then into electricity through generator. It requires low head and low discharge at input. The following are the main components of Gravitational vortex Hydro Turbine: Reserve tank, Runner, Flow control valve, Torque Meter, Pipes, Pump and Turbine. The turbine operates as follows: The water from Reserve Tank will flow into the pipes and is pumped to the entrance of Turbine tangentially, where the combination of localised pressure and tangential entry of water creates strong Vortex flow, where potential energy is converted into rotational kinetic energy, extracting through turbine and water flows back to the tank. Break Horse Power (bhp), Shaft Power and rotational speed are the physical parameters that are considered to determine the mechanical efficiency of a turbine.

Project Objectives

The objective of our project is to get clean energy i.e. generated by hydro turbine, We focus to generate 50 Watts of Power output as our laboratory scale project, but our main aim will be to scale up the project using hydro kinematics laws so that the GVWT can be installed anywhere in the steam or river flow to generate sustainable energy without using external power.

Project Implementation Method

The Gravitational Vortex Water Turbine's main implementation will be in the rural areas where electricity is still not available or available with heavy load shedding. The GVWT can be installed anywhere in the steam or river flow to generate sustainable energy without using external power.

Benefits of the Project

The main benefits of projects are listed below:

• GVWT focuses on generating electricity through Renewable sources.
• GVWT is environmental friendly, i.e. no carbon emissions are produced.
• The GVWT doesn't need a dam flow.
• The marine life can easily pass through the blades of GVWT without being harmed.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

GVWT works on the principle of power generation by inducing free surface vortex influenced by gravity along with the shape of basin and turbine. The arrangement of main components of GVWT is placed in a basin outside the inlet channel and can be downscaled into laboratory size. The GVWT includes a declined channel, a basin having outlet at the bottom, a vertical shaft which is connected to the rotor having blades at its periphery. The tangential entry of water is directed into the basin through a declined inlet channel, this flow at the inlet causes the formation of free surface vortex.

This vortex strength moderately increases from top towards basin’s bottom which causes the rotation of flow to extend. When the pressure drops below the air pressure, air is forced into the middle of the basin thus forming an air core. There is gradual reduction in the air core’s radius from the free surface to the bottom of the basin. Vortex flow energy converts into rotational energy by the blades on a rotor. This rotational energy is then converted into electricity by turbine rotor head being connected to the generator through a shaft. After passing through basin’s outlet, the water is drained to the reserve tank which then is pumped to the duct channel, and therefore, the cycle continues.

Final Deliverable of the Project Hardware SystemCore Industry Energy Other Industries Manufacturing Core Technology OthersOther Technologies 3D/4D PrintingSustainable Development Goals Affordable and Clean EnergyRequired Resources

Item Name	Type	No. of Units	Per Unit Cost (in Rs)	Total (in Rs)
			Total in (Rs)	70000
Pump	Equipment	2	35000	70000