Design and Fabrication of Dual rotor counter wind turbine

Project Title

Design and Fabrication of Dual rotor counter wind turbine

Project Area of Specialization Electrical/Electronic EngineeringProject Summary

Multi-rotor turbines can surpass the Betz limit. Further addition of rotor stages gives diminishing returns. It is because of the added cost and the complexity that’s why multi rotor are not used widely. In order to implement a practical and long-term benefit use dual rotor concept is proposed. Main corncern is to minimize the ground root losses and wake losses. The second main target is to improve the efficiency through the use of aerodynamically optimized secondary rotor. To see the feasibility of this concept many models were prescribed however the most effective one was the RANS model. The ability of the RANS model to simulate multiple rotors is ?rst veri?ed for a canonical case by comparing against analytical results for a four, equal-size and uniformly loaded rotors. Fair agreement is observed between theory and simulation although the simulations in general predict higher power for downstream disks. The analytical results ignore wake mixing. Comparisons were also made for two-disk and three-disk turbines with similar accuracy. In order to enhance the model of RANS new approach with an actuator disk representation of a turbine rotor is uses to carry out parametric sweeps. In the ?rst parametric sweep, the secondary rotor size and tip speed ratio are varied while holding ?xed the axial spacing between the main and secondary rotors. In the second parametric sweep, the axial spacing and the secondary rotor tip speed ratio are varied while holding the secondary rotor tip radius at the optimum value of 0.25 found in the ?rst parametric sweep. The RANS based optimization study suggest that an increase in CP of about 0.035, which is about a 7% increase in aerodynamic e?ciency, is attainable with the DRWT concept. This improvement is primarily due to e?cient extraction of energy ?owing near the hub of the main rotor, but in part also due to the addition of another energy extracting device. A net bene?t of 7% in CPis predicted by RANS calculations for the optimized DRWT design. Wake comparisons con?rm e?cient extraction of energy in the root region by the DRWT. However, increase in vertical entrainment of energy, which would reduce turbine wake losses, is not clearly observed in the simulations

Project Objectives

Objectives of Dual rotor wind turine are:

• The goal is to find out where the second rotor should be located, how big it should be, what kind of airfoil it should have, and if it should rotate in the same direction or in the opposite direction.

•  The two rotors can have di?erent or same diameters, and can rotate with the same rotational speed or independent of each other.

• If the two rotors rotate independently, then the problem becomes inherently unsteady. Approximations need to be made to solve it as a steady problem.

•  If the two rotors are physically very close to each other then potential ?ow e?ects due to ?nite blade thickness also come into play.

•  Both rotors have trailing vortex sheets which have to be accounted for when calculating induction using the Biot-Savart law. Also, blade bound vorticity on the rotors mutually in?uence the induction on each other

• Aerodynamic interactions between turbines in a wind farm also lead to significant loss of wind farm efficiency. A new dual-rotor wind turbine (DRWT) concept is proposed that aims at mitigating these losses.

Project Implementation Method

Wind turbine is vast field but the need is to what changes are needed to do?Wind turbines blades are similar to the wings and are constructed from set of aerofoils. To increase the efficiency of power generated from wind turbine many alternations are installed with the passage of time. Many researches are made in order to boast up the power generated from wind source. Although wind turbine production power is mainly divided into two categories. One is the testing and designing and the second step is most important in which assembling of the parts take place. 

Wind turbines work on the principle of aerodynamics as a result pressure distributed on a aerofoils can be integrated to give lift and drag forces. Blade pitch mechanism is mostly used to adjust the rotation speed and power generation. The blow wind causes the blades to moves as they have many aerofils spaces as a result the rotor start moving which move the turbine and power is produced. As we all know the typically the blades of turbines rotates very slow rpm mainly due to the noise and mechanical strenghth. The net power produced is low as a result gearbox is attached which helps to maxmize the power ratio. 

Benefits of the Project

Dual rotor wind turbines have many advantages:

• As it increases the efficiency of power, so need is to make certain steps in improving power.
• As wind turbine power production is environment friendly so many alternations are needed to expand this concepts all across the country.
• As this concept of dual rotor enables the generation of double power so its also have positive effect on the economy of Pakistan.

This modication of the single rotor to the double rotor helps to improve the power sector and also improve the capacity of  generation of electricity.  

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

As the dual rotor have two rotor attached having 6 blades on a single tower which ultimately boast up the efficiency of the power. Dual rotor turbine also helpful in improving the performance of power system and initial power of the system. Although the initial cost of dual rotor wind turbine is expensive but it has long lasting impacts on the power sector economy. As Pakistan power sector is badly hit due to numerous reasons so need is to have a friendly power fuel which also because the source of income. There is need of constructive stages so the idea of wind turbine is best way to flourish the economy and energy sectors. As this concept of energy is widely adopted by many foreign countries so need is to initiate this project widely.                         

Final Deliverable of the Project Hardware SystemCore Industry Energy Other Industries Education , Others Core Technology Shared EconomyOther Technologies Wearables and ImplantablesSustainable Development Goals No PovertyRequired Resources

Item Name	Type	No. of Units	Per Unit Cost (in Rs)	Total (in Rs)
			Total in (Rs)	60600
Rotor	Equipment	2	2500	5000
Blades	Equipment	6	1500	9000
Tower	Equipment	1	2000	2000
Motor	Equipment	1	1500	1500
Gear box	Equipment	1	3000	3000
AC Generator	Equipment	1	5000	5000
Shafts	Equipment	4	1500	6000
Brakes	Equipment	2	1300	2600
Cooling System	Equipment	1	1000	1000
Nacelle	Equipment	1	1500	1500
Gravity Foundation ground	Equipment	1	2000	2000
Controller	Equipment	1	1000	1000
Pitch	Equipment	2	1000	2000
Yaw Drive	Equipment	1	1000	1000
Wind Wane	Equipment	1	1000	1000
Turbine	Equipment	1	2500	2500
Connection to electric grid	Equipment	1	3000	3000
Filters	Equipment	1	1000	1000
Wires	Equipment	50	50	2500
Step down Transformer	Equipment	1	2500	2500
Base of project	Miscellaneous	1	1000	1000
Stationary	Miscellaneous	1	1000	1000
Printing	Miscellaneous	1	1500	1500
Decoration	Miscellaneous	1	2000	2000