Communication through EEG for Disable and Mute People
Communication is an important management function closely associated with all other managerial functions. It bridges the gap between individuals and groups through flow of information and understanding between them. We are making a device which will help mute and disable people to communicate with w
2025-06-28 16:30:51 - Adil Khan
Communication through EEG for Disable and Mute People
Project Area of Specialization Electrical/Electronic EngineeringProject SummaryCommunication is an important management function closely associated with all other managerial functions. It bridges the gap between individuals and groups through flow of information and understanding between them. We are making a device which will help mute and disable people to communicate with world in easy way. This project can be used by two different audience. First one, if a mute person can communicate through his sign language then in order to understand it next person should also have some knowledge about sign language. Therefore, mute people cannot communicate with a large number of people. Second, Millions of road accidents take place in the world each year. Most of the accidents lead to damage in Spinal Cord and person paralyzed. Some are suffering from diseases. These problems have an impact on a person’s quality of life. Therefore, BCI technology is a promising and useful strategy that could give opportunity to interact with the world around them through their mental activity
More than 10 million people are mute and physically disable to speak. The main cause of this physical disability is that they may have problem with the vocal cords, lungs, trachea, mouth and tongue etc. Diseases like Alalia, Anarthria, Aphonia, and Motor Neurons Disorder (MND) cause physical disability which leads to inability to speak. This project basically provides a prototype of brain computer interface (BCI) which helps such people to communicate. BCIs are systems that can bypass conventional channels of communication (i.e., muscles and thoughts) to provide direct communication and control between the human brain and physical devices using electroencephalography (EEG) signal. EEG is an electrical signal which is obtained by the movement of neurons in the body. The brain wave sensor senses these waves and send them to microcontroller. The microcontroller uses this data to give an output in that form which will help to communicate.
Project ObjectivesThe main objective of this project is to solve problem in communication for disable and mute people effectively. We are concerned about the lives of these millions of people as they are lagging behind in this modern world. Therefore, we want to make a possible way of communication through their mind so that they don’t have any kind of regret in their lives. They don’t need to learn sign language, being mute for their whole life after any accident and disease. They just require a small practice of mind through which they can run an algorithm. When a person feels any pain, touch or any kind of emotion then his mind gets a signal through neurons. Also, when a person thinks, focus or meditate at the same time, neurons react and give some signal. This is also our objective to use these small signals generated in mind and used them as an input in our project.
Project Implementation MethodMethodology
The research includes devising possible improvements in different aspects. Underpinning of those aspects contains Signal Detecting, Signal controlling and give the output at output module
Implementation
The chosen components are connected according to the design of project. In order to check EEG headset, we install its software from website in computer and then check its working of attention, meditation and blink by playing games on PC that are developed by Neurosky company to practice and make a user able to control his attention, meditation and blink. In this project, other components used are Bluetooth dongle and micro-controller raspberry pi 3 b+. As mind wave detects the EEG signal, it sends these signals through Bluetooth dongle. The Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ is the efficient product and has Raspbian software installed in it. Then, Bluetooth dongle is connected with USB port of raspberry pi. By using Raspberry pi terminal, the input taken from EEG Headset will give its output on the screen.
Development Stages
Following were the discrete stages of the project. How project is developed gradually in the given time
STAGE 1
In this stage, we have to connect the headset with pi. As we discussed earlier, Pi and Headset is connected by Bluetooth dongle. It’s not a simple task to connect them together and get output. First, we have to install software in raspberry pi in the PC to start. Then we installed Raspbian software in the Raspberry pi. This will give us 25 freedom to run program on its terminal for any purpose. To connect the headset, we wrote a code on Pi terminal to EEG signal on the screen. By keeping in mind every headset of this model have a unique Id and can only be connected to it by using it so it is written in the battery place the headset that we are using has a code 5546.By adding it, it will do the process in the code and will try to connect to the Headset. According to this code, it checks the id of the Headset. After sometime, if headset is connected with the pi the light of headset turns blue and we get output at the terminal of Pi showing different values of attention and meditation.
Stage 2
We designed the algorithm for a project. in which we have to place alphabets in such a way that it takes less time to print as a output.So we decided to put alphabetes in matrices. First we select the number of row and then column for specific alphabet.
| a | e | o | t | |
| h | i | n | s | |
| c | d | l | r | |
| f | m | u | w | |
| b | g | e | v | y |
| j | k | q | x | z |
The sequence of alphabets is based on reseach paper most used alphabets that reduces time delay.
Stage 3
After checking both one alphabets is retrive and show as an output. In the specific way we make a word. In next steps these words will transfer to output module like OLED,speeching module.
This product has a bigger impact on Society. This device will be an efficient way of communication for the disabled and mute people. They will be able to convey their thinking and get connected to their loves ones. They can address a big audience without any problem like Stephon Hawking. This is also a cost-effective device. our project will be beneficial in the following asspect also:
- help mute people to convey what they want to speak.
- help disabled/paralyzed to connect themselves to modern world.
- emerge this technology and make it cost effective.
- Doctors can use this device for the diagnosing purpose while treating the patients suffering from paralysis and other diseases.
While designing project first we extract data from brain. Then data will be sent for signal processing, which involves feature extraction (make signal better for the understanding of controller) and translating algorithm (featured signal interacts with algorithm). This will give an output command to output module which display the output. Its prototype is shown in figure
In architecture overview as shown in figure, Signal is coming from brain and divided into three parts Attention, Meditation and Blink. These all signals are extracted by EEG headset. Then send EEG signal to RF Bluetooth, which is connect with the micro-controller. Micro-controller performs tasks according to input and send output to output module for display.
Design of this project consists of four modules are as follows and shown in figure.
- EEG Headset (Receiving Signal Circuit)
- RF Bluetooth (Transferring data Circuit)
- Microcontroller (Controlling Circuit)
- Output Module (Output Circuit)
Description: This module has the receiving signal circuitry.
Details: EEG headset is the first module of this project. This Module is the receiving signal circuit, which further consists of
- Adjustable Head Band
- Sensor Tip
- Flexible Ear Clip
- Ear Clip
- Power Switch
- Battery Area
Description: This module has the Data Transferring circuitry.
Details: This module is used to transfer data of brain to the micro-controller. This is basically a RF circuit, which sends data via Bluetooth. Data is transfer by transmitter and receives at receiver end. For this module a USB-based device that transmits and receives Bluetooth wireless signals. It plugs into the USB port to support Bluetooth mice, keyboards and other Bluetooth devices. Also called a Bluetooth dongle.
Module 3Description: This module has the control circuitry.
Details: The Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ is the latest product in the Raspberry Pi 3 range, boasting a 64-bit quad core processor running at 1.4GHz, dual-band 2.4GHz and 5GHz wireless LAN, Bluetooth 4.2/BLE, faster Ethernet, and PoE capability via a separate PoE HAT The dual-band wireless LAN comes with modular compliance certification, allowing the board to be designed into end products with significantly reduced wireless LAN compliance testing, improving both cost and time to market. The Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ maintains the same mechanical footprint as both the Raspberry Pi 2 Model B and the Raspberry Pi 3 Model
Module 4Description: This module has the output circuitry.
Details: There might be two output modules, we can use in this project. One is OLED and other one is speech module, which reads all alphabets displaying on LED and then convert it into speech.
Final Deliverable of the Project Hardware SystemCore Industry OthersOther IndustriesCore Technology NeuroTechOther TechnologiesSustainable Development Goals Good Health and Well-Being for People, Industry, Innovation and InfrastructureRequired Resources| Elapsed time in (days or weeks or month or quarter) since start of the project | Milestone | Deliverable |
|---|---|---|
| Month 1 | literature review | - |
| Month 2 | literature review | - |
| Month 3 | buying essential components | yes |
| Month 4 | checking functionality of components | yes |
| Month 5 | design algorithm | yes |
| Month 6 | implement algorithm on coding | python/c++ |
| Month 7 | integrating all components and software implementation | yes |
| Month 8 | compilation of project | yes |