A smartframe work for protection of Microgrid with Arduino Control Scheme

Electricity in the form of energy which makes our life advantageos. The increament of industrial revolution and due to the increase in human population the demand of electricity increases.  The fossil fuels are the main cause of greenhouse gas emissions and disrupt earth?s climate equilibr

Project Title

A smartframe work for protection of Microgrid with Arduino Control Scheme

Project Area of Specialization

Electrical/Electronic Engineering

Project Summary

Electricity in the form of energy which makes our life advantageos. The increament of industrial revolution and due to the increase in human population the demand of electricity increases.  The fossil fuels are the main cause of greenhouse gas emissions and disrupt earth’s climate equilibrium. Pakistan facing a energy crisis. In these cases microgrid are becomes increasingly attractive to consumers and such in the future , a great number of them will be installed at consumer sites.But the problem with microgrid based system is as the renewable energy sources such as solar and wind etc is not continuously available of supply load is a problem so the charateristics of these distributed energy resources are totally different each other and their response times and the response it self are different  due to this resources has severe impact on life of loads.The life of load s may be reduced due to overvoltage or under voltage . The impact severely effect on households and industries that are utilizing electricity from microgrid. This project proposes when production from renewable source is sufficient this fed to the load and charge the battery when production from renewable insufficient load is fed with main grid and compeletly discharge battery and load is disconnects and connected from main power grid in this way improve the of equipment and saves from its damage . The proposed system protect the microgrid with the help of arduino controller scheme and by adding implementation of solar tracking system the main goal of increasing efficiency is to get the maximum power from the solar panels and automation of home appliances it helps in maximizing home security.      

Project Objectives

• The aim of this project is to protect when production of electricity from microgrid insufficient the load is automatically connect with main grid on the basis of incoming voltage. This operation carried by relay by an ardiuno control scheme.
•  Implement of solar tracking system in dual axis based on controller its increasing the efficiency is to get the maximum power from the solar panels.
• To develop the features of home automation  using controller and bluetooth for control all home devices from one place 
• To program a arduino 

Project Implementation Method

Our proposed system is consists of three parts of Electrical ,electronic and software part  comprises of  structure of microgrid from electrical and electronics and automation part from software. We will design a small microgrid in which it protect the load and solar tracking system with arduino control scheme and make the appliances automate using ardiuno and bluetooth HC-05 , The solar panel gives dc output. This is stored in battery and battery voltage is controlled by potentiometer. This analogue signal from potentiometer is sent to arduino. When this analogue signal is greater than or equal to a set threshold value x1 then Arduino, i.e, 9 is set 1 and reset 0 continuously with a certain delay. This signal is given to Mosfet IRF540 which acts as a switch here. When switch is ON , This closes the circuit  12v from battery is one positive terminal applied to the primary winding and negative through mosfet applied to the transformer  and with a certain delay; it is reset to zero again. This continuous on and off operation generates pulse in the input where, it is stepped up at secondary of transformer. This output voltage is given to NC of relay which is normally closed circuit without the excitation of relay coil. COM terminal is connected to load. If the analogue signal is less than prescribed value x1 then digital output is set to 1 and then energises relay coil, NO gets energised only if relay coil energises. NO is connected to power grid, after exciting NO terminal load is connected to power grid. The diode is connected to avoid reverse flow of current in the circuit  When the transistor is on then relay coil excites by closing its circuit. Here transistor BC5478 acts as switch . Moreover in automation bluetooth HC-05 recives and sends this data to the Arduino by serial commutation and it compare this data with the database and there are many conditions for different load.if any condirtion true then the associated load execute.With the arduino we are also using a ralay in which interface the electronic appliances with the arduino , bluetooth.

Benefits of the Project

As oil ,coal and gas are the natural resources also called fossil fuels are mainly used to produce electricity. These fossil fuels are the main cause of greenhouse gas emissions and disrupt earth’s climate equilibrium. Pakistan facing a energy crisis. The National Electric Power Regulatory Authority (NEPRA) that increased electricity price to adjust for an increase in fuel prices and continuous reduction of the fossil fuels from the country while will cause the complete unavailability of these fossil fuels after a few decades. In these cases , renewable energy resources are reliable in terms of environmental pollution and reduced cost of fuel. Nowadays , the renewable energy resources are taking a leading role .Microgrid is smaller version of utility of power system human want to safe , reliable power and also efficient power.The benefit of the project in pakistan  energy crisis so the microgrid provides a  good solution to supply power in case of emergency and power storage during power interruption in the maingrid. Solar tracking sysytem are used  in improves substantially the energy efficiency of photovoltaic (PV) panel.In this project automation is used which is fastest growing technology in which control the home appliances from one place , maximizing home security and incrases efficiency. This all combining which formed a new structure in modern world by which in  small microgrid distribution generation from renewable sources with a protection and automation system implemented. 

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

This final product will be the combination of Electrical,Electronic and Software in hardware and software integrated system. In this system first dual axis solar tracker are apply in which a 4LDRs to detect the sunlight . And when they send the signal to the arduino, it will guide two servo motors to better place the solar panel to maximize the efficiency. The output from solar panel is given to the to the battery to avoid high voltage. Arduino is a embedded system in which it collabrate the hardware circuit by monitoring and controlling.In automation uses a Bluetooth module, which is interfaced with the Arduino board at the end of the receiver. At the transmitter end, a GUI (Graphical User Interface) application on the cell phone sends ON/OFF commands to the receiver. The Protection and Autmation of microgrid with arduino control scheme will perform the following task:

•  To get the maximum power from the solar panel
• Load is altered between micrgrid and main grid connected mode based on the incoming voltage.
• Control the Home appliances in  by Android operating system based smartphone.

Final Deliverable of the Project

HW/SW integrated system

Core Industry

Security

Other Industries

Core Technology

Artificial Intelligence(AI)

Other Technologies

Sustainable Development Goals

Affordable and Clean Energy

Required Resources

If you need this project, please contact me on contact@adikhanofficial.com