A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE ACTIVITY OF PHYTOCHEMICALS PRESENT IN DIFFERENT COMBINATIONS OF PLANT AND SEED SPICE EXTRACTS AGAINST MULTI DRUG RESISTANT BACTERIA

Medications that were considered to be home remedies are now revolutionizing the world by curing many cardinal ailments. Many spices and plant extracts of commonly found plant species are proving to be promising in curing nosocomial infections. In addition to this the phytochemicals of v

Project Title

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE ACTIVITY OF PHYTOCHEMICALS PRESENT IN DIFFERENT COMBINATIONS OF PLANT AND SEED SPICE EXTRACTS AGAINST MULTI DRUG RESISTANT BACTERIA

Project Area of Specialization

Biomedical Engineering

Project Summary

Medications that were considered to be home remedies are now revolutionizing the world by
curing many cardinal ailments. Many spices and plant extracts of commonly found plant species
are proving to be promising in curing nosocomial infections. In addition to this the
phytochemicals of various plant parts, i.e. plant extracts and spices may decrease the risk of
certain cancers as well as certain diseases such as diabetes and hypertension. Medicinal plants
have an ambiguous scientific approach as various parts of a plant can be used medicinally.
However, we are going to take an aphoristic rather than a generalized approach for our study.
We are going to study the efficacy of a combination of phytochemicals present in plant extracts
and seed spice extracts against various multidrug resistant bacteria.
The materials and methods for our study are discussed as follows:
Three locally available plant species will be collected. Then they will be disinfected and dried in the shade. The dried material of each plant will next be ground into a fine powder and treated with ethanol to obtain a clear filtrate. The plant extract will be obtained from this filtrate
Locally available seed spices will be purchased from convenience stores in Karachi. Then two solvents namely distilled water and 75% ethanol will be used to extract the phytochemicals of the seed spices. It is important to note that the seed spices will be crushed into a fine powdered form, prior to their phytochemical extraction
Sterile agar plates will be used to culture the bacteria and these plates will be placed in an incubator at 37°C for 24 hours
The disc diffusion method will be used to study the antibacterial activity of the plants and seed spices combined extracts and individually. Each plate will be introduced tablets prepared of extracts. The inoculated plates will be incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. The clear zone of growth inhibition around the tablets will then be measured in mm. Phytochemical analysis will be performed on each sample of the various extracts of the plant and seed and their combinations. A comparative study of the antibacterial activity of the phytochemicals in extracts will be drawn.
We anticipate that the antibacterial activity of phytochemicals in combined extracts will be higher as compared to individual extract of plant and seed spices.

Project Objectives

To check the potency of the phytochemicals of various combinations of plants and seed spice extracts against multi-drug resistant bacteria.

Project Implementation Method

Project implementation is divided into 3 stage:
1)    Preparation.
2)    Experiment. 
3)    Conclusion.
In preparation stage, first plant material of three locally available plant species will be collected. Then they will be disinfected and dried in the shade. The dried material of each plant will next be ground into a fine powder and treated with ethanol to obtain a clear filtrate. The plant extract will be obtained from this filtrate. Then locally available seed spices will be purchased from convenience stores in Karachi. Then two solvents namely distilled water and 75% ethanol will be used to extract the phytochemicals of the seed spices. It is important to note that the seed spices will be crushed into a fine powdered form, prior to their phytochemical extraction. And in last, sterile agar plates will be used to culture the bacteria and these plates will be placed in an incubator at 37°C for 24 hours.
In experimental stage, the disc diffusion method will be used to study the antibacterial activity of the plants and seed spices combined extracts and individually. Each plate will be introduced tablets prepared of extracts. The inoculated plates will be incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. The clear zone of growth inhibition around the tablets will then be measured in mm. Phytochemical analysis will be performed on each sample of the various extracts of the plant and seed and their combinations. A comparative study of the antibacterial activity of the phytochemicals in extracts will be drawn.
In conclusion stage, we will conclude our work on the bases of results obtained or observed. Result will be concluded by the help of the SPSS software to generate graphs.

Benefits of the Project

Medicinal plants are the principal source of healthcare for 70–95 percent of the population in poor nations. Due to their apparent capacity to treat burns and enhance wound healing, these medicinal herbs are in high demand. In many rural regions, the use of such plants as a treatment option for skin problems has become commonplace. According to reports, some 27 million individuals in South Africa use medicinal plants to cure skin diseases, particularly those caused by pathogens like Staphylococci species and Candida albicans. The plant Galenia africana, often known as kraalbos or geelbos, is unique to Southern Africa and belongs to the Aizoaceae family.
In the healthcare industry, locally available plant species can provide great benefits in the treatment of numerous bacterial illnesses.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

1) We will get bacterial growth and separately prepare our tablets of extracts from spices and
plants.
2) We will observe the effect of extracts tablets and their inhibited areas.
3) We will insert data in the software which will generate the graphs and comparisons.

Final Deliverable of the Project

HW/SW integrated system

Core Industry

Health

Other Industries

Medical , Manufacturing , Others , Health

Core Technology

Others

Other Technologies

Others

Sustainable Development Goals

Good Health and Well-Being for People, Responsible Consumption and Production

Required Resources

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