Water Purification and Filtration using Renewable Energy

There are various purification techniques but none of them can provide completely pure water. That is why a combination of techniques is used to obtain maximum purity. We are using the reverse osmosis technique to filter the water and boiling to kill/remove micro-organisms and dissolved salts. 

Project Title

Water Purification and Filtration using Renewable Energy

Project Area of Specialization

Electrical/Electronic Engineering

Project Summary

There are various purification techniques but none of them can provide completely pure water. That is why a combination of techniques is used to obtain maximum purity. We are using the reverse osmosis technique to filter the water and boiling to kill/remove micro-organisms and dissolved salts. 

The system is designed and implemented in such a way that it is controlled using Arduino and sensors. The project consists of three phases which involve reverse osmosis (pre-treatment block), a boiler, and a storage tank with a UV lamp. The focus is to make it user-friendly and eco-friendly as it will work on renewable energy and operate without human interference.

Project Objectives

The objective of this project is :

a)To design and implement a water filtration and purification system.

b) To make the project user-friendly by making it self-control/automated.

c) Low operational cost by sourcing it from renewable energy

Project Implementation Method

In this setup, when the supply is ON, the pump forces water out of the reservoir and discharges it at high pressure towards the filter. A TDS meter is used to measure total dissolved solids in water, it measures the dissolved salts in PPM higher the dissolved salts, the higher the impurities present in water.

Next in the process used is solenoid valves SV1 which is used to control the flow of water in reverse osmosis.  Another solenoid valve SV2 is used with a filter to flush out dirty water with a delay to make sure excess water is not flushed out a flow restrictor is used to slow down the pressure of water along with this a delay is programmed in which solenoid valve is open for 1 minute after every two minutes. After pre-filtration and post-filtration, the water is passed to a boiling tank in which water is boiled at 100°C for about a minute which is monitored through time and temperature check sensors. Then valve of boiling tank SV3 opens and allows boiled water to pass through the cooling vent and then into the storage tank.

The next step in the process is to kill water germs with the help of ultraviolet light, the UV chamber is placed horizontally as it works better and kills more bacteria when placed in this way.

The purified water is then stored in a storage tank where a magnetic float sensor is placed when the senor gives 1 it means the tank is full and the process ends, while when the sensor gives 0 as an output it means the water level is low and it then the arithmetic logic is checked i.e it allows either valve 1 or 3 to open and pass water to storage tank but before that, all the solenoid valves are off making sure overflowing of water does not take place.

The tank has already fitted sensors to monitor the quality of water the sensors used to monitor are pH sensor, electrical conductivity sensor, and temperature sensor. A color-changing LED is placed on the top of the storage tank which indicated whether the water is fit for drinking or not.

Benefits of the Project

Our project has wide application as clean water is a basic need of society. Our project is for safe and purified drinking water. Moreover, our project is beneficial for the area where there is no electricity or have electricity crisis. Our project is based on renewable energy that makes it efficient, cheap and long lasting. The advancement in the system makes it upto date with the present technology.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

All parts used in the system can be obtained commercially within Pakistan, and the technology and the project concept can easily be replicated in other rural locations. To remove all the foreign elements from water, reverse osmosis, boiling, and ultraviolet light are used.

Reverse osmosis is a method that purifies water and brings the count of total dissolved solids much lower. Microcontrollers are used to monitor the quality of water.

• In real-time water quality is monitored using sensors, a flow meter is used to check the flow of water, the thermistor temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the water, and a pH sensor is used to check the pH of water.
• In real-time quality of water is monitored using sensors, TDS meter is used to detect total dissolved solids in water.
• In parameters like total dissolved solids, PH, turbidity, and temperature are monitored using sensors like conductivity sensor, pH sensor, turbidity sensor and a thermistor to monitor water quality all the data collected is transferred over the internet using IOTwhichisthen displaced on screen for real-time monitoring.
• The water of the purifier tank is monitored using sensors, data is displayed on LCD. And when all parameters are according to requirements and water is drinkable Green Led glows but in case of any fault red Led glows

Final Deliverable of the Project

Hardware System

Core Industry

Energy

Other Industries

Health

Core Technology

Clean Tech

Other Technologies

Sustainable Development Goals

Good Health and Well-Being for People, Clean Water and Sanitation, Sustainable Cities and Communities

Required Resources

If you need this project, please contact me on contact@adikhanofficial.com