techno economic analysis of rooftop grid tied pv system under pakistans feed in tariff fit scheme using homer15964
Pakistan has been striving through old energy crisis over the last decade. Being the engineers, we should come up with solutions that would help in reducing problems caused by the crisis. As we know fossil fuel is ultimately expendable and comes with several problems, the focus must be directed towa
2025-06-28 16:29:41 - Adil Khan
Pakistan has been striving through old energy crisis over the last decade. Being the engineers, we should come up with solutions that would help in reducing problems caused by the crisis. As we know fossil fuel is ultimately expendable and comes with several problems, the focus must be directed towards renewable and sustainable energy sources. Pakistan has always relied on fossil fuels for electricity generation. Pakistan has enormous potential for solar energy. Harnessing the solar energy using PV system has an increasing trend in Pakistan therefore, the most economic designing and study for changes in electricity generation due to climatical changes is essential.
Project ObjectivesPakistan is facing a very serious energy crisis, which not only affects the normal lives of the people but also creates obstacles in the development and progress of the country. Pakistan’s industry is in decline due to the shortage of energy in the form of electricity, natural gas, and transport and domestic sectors are also victims of this crisis. All the major sectors such as the industry, transport, domestic, and power generation sectors are demanding more and more energy to run continuously. This supply demand gap becomes more and more severe in the summer seasons. Today, electricity production costs have increased enormously in Pakistan and this is affecting domestic consumers and commercial users economically in terms of affordability.
This project aims to provide a solution to the energy crisis of Pakistan. Renewable energy such as solar energy is a viable solution to the energy crisis. Moreover, it will produce clean/green energy as far as environmental point of view in concerned. In recent times, Rooftop Grid Tied PV systems have gained popularity in Pakistan. These systems are best solution to overcome national energy shortfall. These systems eliminate the dependency from national grid and even in case of long power breakdowns, it will provide electricity for domestic purpose.
Project Implementation MethodThe methodology of this project involves technical, economic, environmental and sensitivity analysis of 10 kW residential solar PV system. HOMER is used for technical and economic analysis of residential PV system. Shading analysis is carried out using PV*SOL. With only less than 5 years of payback period, the system will not only generate enough electricity for household load but will generate excessive electricity which will be sold to utility company during winters.
Sensitivity analysis and parametric study will be carried out for which different sensors and equipment are needed along with the automatic data recording mechanism. This objective will be achieved by using Internet of Things (IoT) for which data recording sensors and devices are needed. Solar PV system has already been installed after technical and economic analysis. Sensitivity analysis and parametric requires data collection of several parameters such as short circuit current, open circuit voltage, cell temperature, etc.
Benefits of the ProjectSolar power systems derive clean, pure energy from the sun. Installing solar panels on your home helps combat greenhouse gas emissions and reduces our collective dependence on fossil fuel. Traditional electricity is sourced from fossil fuels such as coal and natural gas. When fossil fuels are burned to produce electricity, they emit harmful gases that are the primary cause of air pollution and global climate change. Not only are fossil fuels bad for the environment, but they are also a finite resource. Because of this, the price is constantly fluctuating and can increase in a short period of time.
Renewable energy also improves public health. Coal and natural gas plants produce air and water pollution that is harmful to human health. But replacing fossil fuels with renewable energy sources, such as solar power, can reduce premature mortality as well as overall health care costs.
Although fossil fuel production requires significant water resources and causes water pollution, solar energy requires little to no water to operate. So, not only does solar power not pollute water resources, it also doesn’t put a strain on the world’s water supply.
Solar power also works during a drought or heat wave. Coal, natural gas and nuclear power use large amounts of water for cooling. During heat waves or severe droughts, as we’ve experienced in recent years, electricity generation is at risk. But solar power systems do not require water to generate electricity.
Sensitivity analysis and parametric study is essential to study the variations in energy generation using solar PV systems. Sensitivity analysis and parametric requires data collection of several parameters such as short circuit current, open circuit voltage, cell temperature, etc. for which sensors and data logger/storage devices are required.
Technical Details of Final DeliverableFollowing are the project deliverables:
- Designing of mechanical and electrical system for rooftop grid tied PV system.
- Selection of material such as solar panels, inverter(s), wires, battery, charge controller etc. for designing of proposed project.
- Develop overall 3D model/design for rooftop PV system.
- Carry out economic analysis for viability of proposed project as per Pakistan’s net metering policy.
- Carry out environmental analysis for proposed project.
- Carry out sensitivity analysis and parametric study for proposed project.
| Item Name | Type | No. of Units | Per Unit Cost (in Rs) | Total (in Rs) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total in (Rs) | 79000 | |||
| Pyranometer with shading band | Equipment | 1 | 15000 | 15000 |
| Temperature Sensors/Gun | Equipment | 1 | 5000 | 5000 |
| Multimeter | Equipment | 1 | 1000 | 1000 |
| Data Logger for current, voltages, Power, Cell temperature etc. | Equipment | 1 | 20000 | 20000 |
| Data Storage Device | Equipment | 1 | 25000 | 25000 |
| Wiring | Equipment | 1 | 4000 | 4000 |
| Stationary | Miscellaneous | 1 | 1000 | 1000 |
| Printing | Miscellaneous | 1 | 3000 | 3000 |
| Petrol receipts for transportation | Miscellaneous | 1 | 5000 | 5000 |