Solar Power Based Three Phase AC drive using NI myRIO FPGA

2025-06-28 16:36:03 - Adil Khan

Project Title

Project Area of Specialization Wearables and ImplantableProject Summary

Induction motors due to their reliability, low cost and strength are the most widely used electrical motors but do not have the ability of variable speed operation. Due to this reason, earlier dc motors were applied in most of the electrical drives. But due to advancement in speed control methods of the induction motor have led to their large-scale use in almost all electrical drives. There are several methods of speed control of an induction such as pole changing, frequency variation, variable rotor resistance method and many others are expected control methods. For this task, a framework tied sunlight based contracted scale inverter has been displayed. Power inverter is basic unit to convert the DC voltages provided by a solar panel or battery into AC voltages for the motor consumption.

With developments in solid-state power electronic devices and microprocessors, various pulse-width-modulation (PWM) techniques have been developed to control the speed of the induction motor for industrial applications. Our project discusses about the speed control of induction motor by using Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation (SVPWM) technique. The simulation results on MATLAB as well as on Proteus shows that the SVPWM technique has lower total harmonic distortion than the other PWM techniques.

Project Objectives

The main objective of this project is the design, simulation and testing of a three-phase inverter for DC into AC, hence, generate Pure Sine Wave to drive the motor. The speed control of motor is done by switching scheme used in inverter.

Our project objective is to made a solar power based three phase AC drive which has minimum Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) by using latest PWM technique "space vector pulse width modulation" (SVPWM). After the completion of this project this project is introduced in the industry to use and save power from utility source and use renewable energy sources.Actually we want to make our country industries to make use of solar power and we know in industries the main load of power consumption is high power rating motors. If we use solar power for driving these motors in day time athat is approximately 10 hours then we can save a huge anount of energy annually. so we install solar power based VFDs in industries that has both options for operation. i.e. operate by using utility power and operate by using solar power.

So, In this way if we use this setup in all industries of our country then a reasonable amount of energy is saved annually or we use this saved power for other purposes . Further more, This all setup helps us to minimize loadshedding in our country.

Project Implementation Method

As our project is solar power based so we install a PV array as power source . Solar power obtained from PV array is fed into the DC-DC push pull converter which converts 12V dc into 500V dc. The boost voltages then fed into the three-phase inverter. Among various techniques, Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation (SVPWM) is the best technique to control the speed of induction motor. Because this technique reduces the total harmonics distortion (THD). The controlled output of the inverter is used to control the speed of induction motor. A closed loop feedback is used to measure and maintain the speed of motor to the set speed. Also, real time power monitoring is done to improve the quality of power.

A variable frequency drive (VFD) is a type of motor controller that drives an electric motor by varying the frequency and voltage supplied to the electric motor. Other names for a VFD are variable speed drive, adjustable speed drive, adjustable frequency drive, AC drive, micro drive and inverter.

Benefits of the Project

Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) can be used in lots of fields. Variable frequency drives are widely used to control the speed of AC motors, like conveyor systems, blower speeds, pump speeds, machine tool speeds, & other applications that require variable speed with variable torque. In some applications such as speed control for a conveyor, the variable frequency drive is installed with a remote potentiometer that personnel can adjust manually to set the speed for the conveyor. In this type of application, the personnel who use the conveyor can manually set the motor speed with the minimum & maximum frequency that is programmed into the variable frequency drive parameters.

Variable speed drives control duplex pumps

Advantages

Reduction in maintenance costs. Variable speed drives are inherently soft start, increasing motor and linkage life.
Pumps can be alternated more frequently, say every 24 hours, increasing the life of the equipment.
On pump failure, the standby pump is automatically started with alarm indication.
Start-Stop and reset of pumps can be done by the variable speed drives.
Optional manual selector switch overrides the automatic pump alternation sequence.
In applications, where increased flow is required , on a temporary basis, the lead or primary pump may remain at maximum flow with the second ?back up? pump enabled and varied to meet the system demand.

VFD for Virtual Vibration Testing in Railway System

In this study, we develop a virtual vibration and temperature test and analyzing instrument. The virtual instrument controls the VFD (variable frequency drive) to adjust the speed of motor, complete speed changing and speed keeping process to simulate the real working condition. The speed changing and keeping process of wheel-set, the vibration and temperature are being monitored in real time and analyzed, providing basis for fault analysis and diagnosis.

VFD for Centrifugal Pumps

VFDs (Variable Frequency Drives) can achieve reduced flow by providing variable speed pump operation. This results in reduced system pressure and operation near the pump's Best Efficiency Point. In addition, maintenance costs might be reduced. This article will discuss the energy savings potential of variable frequency drives followed by a brief description of the operation and relative benefits of VFDs.

The most important choice to be made in choosing the VFDs is the decision to select a non-slip, solid-state VFD. Any such VFD can offer dramatic energy savings by efficiently matching the energy consumed to the hydraulic load requirements at any given moment.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

1) Microcontroller: NI my RIO

Specifications of NI my RIO :

Processor

Processor type………………….Xilinx Z-7010
Processor speed………………………667MHz
Processor cores

Memory

Nonvolatile memory…………………….256 MB
DDR3 memory………………………..512 MB
DDR3 clock frequency……………….533 MB
DDR3 data bus width………………...16 bits

FPGA

FPGA type……………………Xilinx Z-7010

USB Ports

USB host port……………....USB 2.0 Hi-Speed
USB device port………….USB 2.0 Hi-Speed

Analog Input

Aggregate sample rate…………………………..500kS/s
Resolution……………………………..12 bits
Overvoltage protection…………………..16V

Analog Output

Aggregate maximum update rates
All AO channels on MXP connectors…………..345kS/s
All AO channels on MXP connector and audio output channels…..345 KS/s
Resolution……………………………..12 bits
Overload protection………………………16V
Startup Voltage………………0V after FPGA initialization

Digital I/O

Number of lines
MXP connectors…………………..2 ports of 16 DIO lines (one port per connector);

One UART.RX and one UART.TX line connector

MSP connector……………………..1 port of 8 DIO lines
Direction control……………………Each DIO line individually programmable as input or output
Logic level …………………………..5V compatible LVTTL input; 3.3V LVTTL

Output

Input logic levels
Input low voltage, VIL……….0V min; 0.8 V max
Input high voltage, VIH…………………….2.0 V min; 5.25 V max

Output logic levels

Output high voltage, VOH sourcing 4mA………….2.4 V min; 3.465 max
Output low voltage, VOL sinking 4mA………0 V min; 0.4 V max
Maximum frequencies for secondary digital functions
SPI……………………………………4MHz
PWM…………………………………….100kHz
Quadrature encoder input…………….100kHz
12C…………………………………400kHz

Power Output

+5V power output
Output voltage………………….4.75 V to 5.25 V
Maximum current on each connector…..100mA
+3.3 V power outpu
Output voltage…………………3.0 V to 3.6 V
Maximum current on each connector….150mA
+15 power output
Output voltage……………….+15 v to +16 V
Maximum current…………………....32mA
-15V power output
Output voltage………………..-15 V to -16 V
Maximum current………………………..32mA
Maximum combined power from +15 V
-15 V power output…………………...500mW

2) Gtae Driver Circuit

3) DC-DC pus Pull converter:

specification :

input voltage : 24vdc -28vdc

output voltage : 480vdc - 500vdc

output current max: 6.5A

Three phase Inverter circuit:

IGBT's:

voltage rating : 1200V

current rating : 100A

number : 3

Solar Charge Controller:

input voltage : 24v /12v

output voltage : 12v/24v

current rating:30A

Three phase Induction motor:

motor power rating: 1/2 hp

operating voltage: 220-260v AC in delta

Final Deliverable of the Project Hardware SystemType of Industry Education , Petroleum , Agriculture , Food , Energy , Manufacturing Technologies OthersSustainable Development Goals Affordable and Clean Energy, Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure, Partnerships to achieve the GoalRequired Resources

Item Name	Type	No. of Units	Per Unit Cost (in Rs)	Total (in Rs)
			Total in (Rs)	45550
IGBT's	Equipment	3	1500	4500
three phase induction motor	Equipment	1	3000	3000
solar charge controller	Equipment	1	1800	1800
DC breaker	Equipment	1	400	400
three phase switch	Equipment	1	220	220
indication lights	Equipment	3	120	360
dc wire 8mm	Equipment	1	1860	1860
solar plates	Equipment	2	9000	18000
batteries 12v 7AH	Equipment	2	1270	2540
heat sink	Equipment	1	500	500
gate driver circuit components	Equipment	1	1370	1370
DC-Dc push pull converter components	Equipment	1	2700	2700
VFD final box	Miscellaneous	1	2300	2300
accessories, components & travelling expenses	Miscellaneous	1	6000	6000

Solar Power Based Three Phase AC drive using NI myRIO FPGA

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