Solar Grid Tie Inverter
Grid tie inverter for PV system is a standalone device which facilitates the utility interactive photovoltaic system. The device will be capable of using the PV arrays and utility simultaneously. The system takes in a DC input from the DC source (PV array) and steps up the DC to higher voltage level
2025-06-28 16:36:02 - Adil Khan
Solar Grid Tie Inverter
Project Area of Specialization Electrical/Electronic EngineeringProject SummaryGrid tie inverter for PV system is a standalone device which facilitates the utility interactive photovoltaic system. The device will be capable of using the PV arrays and utility simultaneously. The system takes in a DC input from the DC source (PV array) and steps up the DC to higher voltage level. The inverter then takes in this DC input and gives a sinusoidal (AC) output which is at a slightly higher voltage but with frequency and phase synchronization with the output of the grid. Switching controller is responsible for phase and frequency coherence with the grid output. The MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) Tracker transfer maximum power from the Photovoltaic array. The MPPT tracker produces a PWM signal which controls the switching of MOSFETs of the DC-DC converter using a microcontroller. The device is also capable of anti-islanding, net metering and overload protection.This report focuses on DC-DC step-up, MPPT and DC-AC inversion with phase and frequency synchronizaion.
Project ObjectivesDesign and implementation of a smart micro gird type Solar Grid Tie Inverter having
- ability to inject the excessive power to the grid
- risk free energy production
- using solar energy to cater the increasing power demands
- Net Meter demostrating the generated, consumed and delivered units to the grid
- stability at ambient environment
Single phase power inverter suitable for grid connected applications. The converter consists of a simple DC-DC boost and single phase DC-AC inverter. The MPPT algorithm will be implemented based on the buckboost converter technique. The whole system is modelIed at ambient environment. The simulations results confirm that that energy harvested from PV arrays is fed to the grid in an efficient manner.
Benefits of the Project1. Save more money with net metering
A grid-connection will allow you to save more money with solar panels through better efficiency rates, net metering, plus lower equipment and installation costs:
Batteries, and other stand-alone equipment, are required for a fully functional off-grid solar system and add to costs as well as maintenance. Grid-tied solar systems are therefore generally cheaper and simpler to install.
Your solar panels will often generate more electricity than what you are capable of consuming. With net metering, homeowners can put this excess electricity onto the utility grid instead of storing it themselves with batteries.
Net metering (or feed-in tariff schemes in some countries) play an important role in how solar power is incentivized. Without it, residential solar systems would be much less feasible from a financial point of view.
Many utility companies are committed to buying electricity from homeowners at the same rate as they sell it themselves.
2. The utility grid is a virtual battery
Electricity has to be spent in real time. However, it can be temporarily stored as other forms of energy (e.g. chemical energy in batteries). Energy storage typically comes with significant losses.
The electric power grid is in many ways also a battery, without the need for maintenance or replacements, and with much better efficiency rates. In other words, more electricity (and more money) goes to waste with conventional battery systems.
According to EIA data, national, annual electricity transmission and distribution losses average about 7% of the electricity that is transmitted in the United States. Lead-acid batteries, which are commonly used with solar panels, are only 80-90% efficient at storing energy, and their performance degrades with time.
Additional perks of being grid-tied include access to backup power from the utility grid (in case your solar system stop generating electricity for one reason or another). At the same time you help to mitigate the utility company`s peak load. As a result, the efficiency of our electrical system as a whole goes up.
Technical Details of Final DeliverableOur project product will be able to inject the generated power from solar PV panel to the grid and also to user.
Its will be smart fully automatic product ready to comercialized into market. Overall body dimensions will be somehow like UPS used in houses with Net Meter.
| Item Name | Type | No. of Units | Per Unit Cost (in Rs) | Total (in Rs) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total in (Rs) | 26190 | |||
| Variable DC Supply | Equipment | 1 | 6000 | 6000 |
| Solar Pannel | Equipment | 1 | 8000 | 8000 |
| MOSFETs | Miscellaneous | 15 | 100 | 1500 |
| Diods | Miscellaneous | 10 | 90 | 900 |
| IR2110 | Miscellaneous | 2 | 200 | 400 |
| Capacitors | Miscellaneous | 12 | 20 | 240 |
| Diodes | Miscellaneous | 15 | 20 | 300 |
| Heat Sink | Miscellaneous | 4 | 100 | 400 |
| Battery | Equipment | 1 | 2000 | 2000 |
| Transformer | Equipment | 2 | 3000 | 6000 |
| 16x2 LCD | Miscellaneous | 1 | 300 | 300 |
| LM339 | Miscellaneous | 3 | 50 | 150 |