Smart Solid Waste Management System Using IoT
As population increases rapidly with the passage of time due to which waste production is also increasing which badly effects the environment. Peshawar city generates about 600-700 tons of waste per day. But the problem is 60% of the waste remain at their collection point or in streets which hosts d
2025-06-28 16:35:45 - Adil Khan
Smart Solid Waste Management System Using IoT
Project Area of Specialization Internet of ThingsProject SummarySummary & AchivementsProblem Statment
As population increases rapidly with the passage of time due to which waste production is also increasing which badly effects the environment. Peshawar city generates about 600-700 tons of waste per day. But the problem is 60% of the waste remain at their collection point or in streets which hosts different type of pollutants into the environment and affect the surrounding people health negatively. Now the question arises why these 60% of the waste remain at their collection point or in street the problem is municipal authorities have very limited resources and they have to check every trash bin manually which waste a lot of time, resources and human resources. The 2nd problem is if the waste gets on fire it consists of hazardous material which results in production of different types of toxic gases into the environment like Carbon dioxide, Carbon Monoxide and nitrogen oxides and many others. These toxic gases affect the surrounding people health and results in different the overflow of garbage from dustbin produces land pollution which affects the land negatively. Most of the time the overflow garbage was eaten by hungry animals, it affects the animal health negatively because it contains plastic, toxic medicine and poison food. There is a need of automated system which can reduce the cost of waste collection and human resources require for waste collection.
Figure 1: Dustbin on fire
Figure 2: Overflow of dustbin
SolutionOur proposed system provides a sustainable solution for conventional waste management authorities. Intelligent Trash Bin (ITB) monitors the level of trash bin and show its real time status on the map. Red dustbin icon on map shows that the dustbin is filled greater than 90%, yellow dustbin icon on map shows that the trash bin is filled greater than 50% and green dustbin shows that the dustbin is filled less than 50%. In this way, driver can easily check on live map that which dustbin is empty and which are filled. It will help him in decision making. If the fire is detected it will show flame alert on the live map and will send alert notification to the concerned authority in trash bin to take immediate action. When the driver is ready to collect the waste, he will tap on “Get Direction” button our system will propose an optimized and shortest route through which he can emptied most of the filled dustbin in one round. It will save human resources, time and also the resources.
Achievements:
Research Publication in ICICT 2019(IEEE): https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9001982
Microsoft Imagine Cup 2020:
Prototype was 40% completed but still out project was North (KPK, Islamabad, Rawalpindi & Giligit) Region Winner. Team Name: We Care Analytics.'
Hult Prize 2020 (Idea Presentation):
In Hult Prize Campus Competiton, we pitched this idea and our team was in top 5 of campus finalists.
Project ObjectivesThe objectives behind our project are:
- The enhancement of collection of wastes.
- To save human resources, time, fuel and vehicles.
- To achieve Sustainable Development Goals.
- To reduce the generation of different toxic gases.
- To improve the performance of Municipal Authority.
Hardware Details:
Every trash bin consists of hardware module which consist of ultrasonic sensor, flame sensor and transceiver.
Ultrasonic Sensor HCSR04: -
Ultrasonic sensor is used to monitor the level of garbage inside the trash bin and sends the level of trash to the server. Every trash bin has a unique id, on real time map the Red dustbin icon shows that the trash bin is filled greater than 90%, yellow icon shows that trash bin is filled greater than 50% and green dustbin shows that the trash bin is filled less than 50%.
Figure 3: Level of Trash Bin
Flame Sensor Ky-026: -Flame sensor is used to detect the fire inside the trash bin if the fire is detected it will send the alert notification to the concerned authorities to take immediate action. Flame alert will also be shown on the live map, it will show the location of trash bin and will suggest shortest path toward that dustbin.
Figure 4: Flame Alert on Live Map
Transceiver NRF24L01: -NRF24L01 has transmission range of about 1 km. We are using NRF24L01 in all the dustbin in 1 km and all these transmitters are connected to centralized dustbin which consist of GSM module, the GSM module will send the data to the server. Advantage of NRF24L01 is that we don’t need a separate GSM Module, Internet Connectivity and Internet package cost for every trash bin. All the dustbin under 1 km is connected to 1 GSM module and it will send the data of all the dustbin to the server with unique id. In this way, product cost is reduced. Ad-Hoc Network is established as shown in figure.
Figure 5 Ad-Hoc Network
GSM module:GSM module is used to send the data to the server. One GSM module will send the data of many dustbins to the server.
Software DetailsFirebase Realtime Database:
Firebase real time database is used as a server. Hardware module will send the data to the server, website and android application will access the data from the server.
Google Map Api:Google map api is used for live map. Google map api is used for further development on google map.
Dijkstra algorithm:Dijkstra algorithm is used to find shortest path to the driver. Website Development:The website will be build using technologies like HTML, CSS, Javascript, Nodesjs and React Native. Benefits of the ProjectBenefits of the project:
To solve the mentioned problems, the proposed system provide optimized solution using different technologies. The system also satisfy different Sustainable Development Goals. The benefits of the system are:
- Life on Land (SDG #15): By our system The Life on Land will be improved. By achieving better solid waste management system, animals will have no access to wastes to eat and the environment will also be clean.
- Clean Water and Sanitation (SDG #6): The propose system improves the quality of water and sanitation.
- Climate Action (SDG #13): when wastes burn, it produces different types of toxic gases, our system reduces the burning of wastes by monitoring fire in dustbins.
- Human resources: After the implementation of the system, it will save human resources very significantly.
- Times: time consumption will also be reduced.
- Other Resources: Vehicles and other resources will also be saved.
There are two of the system, first one is web application and the second one is hardware.
- Web Application: there will be two users of web application, first is admin and the second is waste collection vehicle driver. Admin will be able to see all the trash bins on live map, add new dust bin, remove dust bin, trace the waste collection vehicle, get the report of fuel used in one trip by vehicle and if in 12 hours the filled dust bin not got empty the complaint notification will be received by admin. The second user can see all the dust bins on live map and can get the optimized and shortest route to make the targeted dust bin empty.
- The kit installed in dust bins will send the data to the server and web application receive it.
- All the dustbin will make an ad-hoc network with the centralized dustbin which consist of GSM.
- Our system will suggest an optimized route so the driver can empty most of the filled dustbin in one round.
- If the filled trash bin is not emptied in 12 hours it will send an alert notification to higher authorities to take immediate action. In this way, transparency is improved.
| Item Name | Type | No. of Units | Per Unit Cost (in Rs) | Total (in Rs) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total in (Rs) | 67650 | |||
| Ultrasonic Sensor(HCSR-04) | Equipment | 7 | 150 | 1050 |
| Flame sensor Ky-026 | Equipment | 7 | 150 | 1050 |
| ARDUNOR3-D51 | Equipment | 7 | 750 | 5250 |
| GSM(SIM900A) | Equipment | 7 | 2600 | 18200 |
| Transceiver NRF24L01 | Equipment | 7 | 450 | 3150 |
| Casing of product | Equipment | 7 | 650 | 4550 |
| Glue Gun (MGUN-F15B) | Miscellaneous | 1 | 700 | 700 |
| glue Sticks | Miscellaneous | 10 | 10 | 100 |
| Wires | Miscellaneous | 10 | 100 | 1000 |
| iron-F2A | Miscellaneous | 1 | 300 | 300 |
| Customized Smart Trash Bin Design | Equipment | 7 | 1500 | 10500 |
| swire50g0.6-G62 | Miscellaneous | 2 | 200 | 400 |
| Spacers | Equipment | 30 | 15 | 450 |
| Web Hosting and Domain | Equipment | 6500 | 1 | 6500 |
| USB 2.0 Wire | Miscellaneous | 150 | 3 | 450 |
| 12V Battery | Equipment | 2000 | 7 | 14000 |