Phase Shifter for Beam forming Antenna

Project Title

Phase Shifter for Beam forming Antenna

Project Area of Specialization Information & Communication TechnologyProject Summary

Beam-forming network using phase shifter in this project we observed phase shift using different phase
shifters to steer beam. We got the idea of beam forming in wireless communication through patch
antenna.
The phase shifter, as general-purpose microwave component, finds use in variety of communication and
radar system, microwave instrumentation and measurement system, and industrial application.the switched line, reflection, loaded-line, and low-pass/high-pass configurations. Two of them are
compact wideband realizations: the switched-line and lowpass-/high-pass phase-shifters. The other two,
the reflection (b) and loaded line (c), are narrowband realizations, although the former can be used to
introduce small phase changes over an octave...

There are two main disadvantages in using reflection-type phase shifters. First, a silicon-based on-chip
quadrature coupler often occupies a large.
Loaded line phase shifters are loaded with shunt reactance in the form of inductor or capacitor causing
the signal to undergo phase shift. Susceptance values are controlled by semiconductor switches such as
PIN diodes. Desired phase shift is obtained by changing electrical length through switching PIN diodes.
The loading admittance of these elements is controlled with switching diodes to electrically shorten or
lengthen the transmission line. Loaded line phase shifter has advantages of simplicity and low insertion

loss for phase shifts less than 45°. Insertion loss can be improved using lower loss dielectric material.
Disadvantage of this type of phase shifter is for larger values of phase shifts high values of susceptance
are required that increase insertion loss. Capacitance is best element as susceptance than inductor in
loaded line phase shifter as shunt capacitor elements lengthen a transmission line electrically and shunt
inductance shorten it.
Practical phase shifter design faces three problems. One is associated with size, the second with
insertion loss, and the third with cost. Selection of the type of phase shifter depends on system
configuration and the RF power level. An ideal phase shifter should have low insertion loss, acceptable
phase accuracy, and minimum amplitude variation. For an active antenna array, the accuracy of phase
and size of the phase shifter are more critical than the insertion loss because the signal power is
amplified after the phase shift.1.

Project Objectives

Aim:

The aim of this project is to design 2-bit digital phase
shifter that will introduce phase shift from 0 to 90 degree.

Objectives:

To design phase shifter to achieve 0 to 90 degree phase
shift with +/- 5 degree accuracy and good S-parameter
performance at center frequency.

Simulate the designed phase shifter using ADS software
then fabricate phase shifter.

Using of Vector Network analyzer to observe the
S-parameters and phase shift.

Project Implementation Method

Literature review on phase shifters

2.

Opting for a suitable phase shifter technique

3.

Simulation on ADS

4.

Fabrication of Phase shifter

5.

Testing and verification on VNA

Benefits of the Project

Phased array antennas are electrically steered and offer numerous benefits compared to traditional mechanically steered antenna such as low profile/less volume, improved long-term reliability, fast steering, and multiple beams. 

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

1. Circuit model and printable layout design of 2-bit phase sjifter

2. Fabricated structure 

3. Achieve Results with a report 

Final Deliverable of the Project Hardware SystemCore Industry TelecommunicationOther IndustriesCore Technology Cloud InfrastructureOther TechnologiesSustainable Development Goals Industry, Innovation and InfrastructureRequired Resources

Item Name	Type	No. of Units	Per Unit Cost (in Rs)	Total (in Rs)
			Total in (Rs)	50000
PIN Diodes	Equipment	40	300	12000
Di-electric laminate	Equipment	5	4000	20000
Connector and cables	Equipment	20	300	6000
Fabrication tools and material	Equipment	1	10000	10000
Housing of final circuit	Equipment	2	1000	2000