Model Intelligent Vehicles System

Project Title

Model Intelligent Vehicles System

Project Area of Specialization Software EngineeringProject Summary

In this Project we have investigated and developed a GPS based Model Intelligent Vehicles System (MIVS) embedded system to overcome the collision between vehicles especially hilly Areas where vehicles are not seen coming towards each other. The GPS based MIVS enables a vehicle to predict and react to the different driving situations. Then instantly warn the drivers using alarm-based warnings to avoid possible accidents. This project describes design and development of MIVS prototype based on Arduino as a microcontroller platform along with GPS and transmitter receiver.

Project Objectives

According to a report every year in road accidents 1.2 million people lose their lives and about 50 million people get injured. Similarly, in Europe 39000 people loses their lives in road accidents. However, by introducing the safer vehicles, safety polices and improved road infrastructures, road casualties has been decreased. To overcome this issue, Model Intelligent Vehicle System (MIVS) as part of intelligent transportation Systems (ITS) is an active research area.

According to a project if drivers came to know about the accident happening before 3 seconds, accident can be prevented. It means decision time should be as less as possible. Even a single millisecond is very critical in the case of Inter-Vehicle communication system.

In this project a prototype of V2V communication system has been implemented to overcome the road accidents and traffic collisions. The main features of the prototype are given as under:

The longitude and latitude of both vehicles Alpha and Beta are exchanged between each other long using specialized GPS hardware wireless transceivers modules are used to send and receive data with a good signal strength and range features this module provides efficient communication between Alpha and Beta vehicle.

After exchange of latitude and longitude between both vehicles distance is computed by using Arduino microcontroller and decision is make according to the situation on the base of distance. A sound-based warning in terms of beeps has been defined to alert the drivers when distance is 100 between two vehicles. And when distance is less than 70 the ABS (Automatic braking system) will be activated by MIVS that stop the Vehicle.

Project Implementation Method

This project needs parallel development of user control and ABS (Automatic braking system) for efficient response testing and operation’s success.

• User Control

MIVS is designed on a robotic car platform using Arduino as a microcontroller platform. An optimized solution for MIVS movements is being selected; based on single simple dc motor and single servo. There are four basic movements of a MIVS; Right Turn, Left Turn, Move Forward, Move Backward. Simple design follows for stepper or geared motors for each of types and a servo motor for steering control, but best approach is to devise minimal number of motors to achieve efficiency. Using an H-bridge we can move a motor in both directions based on the principal that reversing polarity on motor terminals results in change in the direction of the motor rotation. H-Bridge is deployed using H-bridge IC L293E which has protection diodes installed within itself to avoid bitter effects of Back Electromotive Force (BEMF) on Arduino Pins. DC Motor is used in back-wheels along with L293E which allows bidirectional movement enabling MIVS to move forward & backward.  For steering control servo motor is implemented to as position and torque values are involved in steering. A servo motor is a special type of DC motor that uses an encoder to determine the position of the output shaft. These motors can move to a specific position quickly and require only three wires to interface with the Arduino (signal, power, and ground). The signal used to operate the servo is a precisely timed pulse of electricity that ranges from 1 millisecond to 2 milliseconds – where a 1.5mS pulse yields the center position of the servo motor. The servo motor looks for an update with a new pulse about 50 times per second, or every 20 milliseconds. Here Arduino servo control library comes in handy allowing easy control of servo motor. Servo is connected to Arduino PWM (Pulse Width Modulated) signals and ground and same 5V output and ground and Arduino Library for generating PWM signal to steer servo to specific degree orientation. For communication between MIVS and user, wireless transceivers modules (name) are used. With a good signal strength and range features this module provides efficient communication between MIVS and user. At MIVS receiver attached at default serial communication lines of Arduino with Reverse interfacing. i.e MIVS Receiver pin (Tx) is attached with default reception (Rx)pin of Arduino whereas reception pin (Rx) of receiver module is attached with default transmission(Tx) pin of Arduino.

User control was successful. Power is managed through 12v battery for whole MIVS components including motors, Arduino, transceivers, GPS and others.

Benefits of the Project

According to a project if drivers came to know about the accident happening before 3 seconds, accident can be prevented. It means decision time should be as less as possible. Even a single millisecond is very critical in the case of Inter-Vehicle communication system.

In this project a prototype of V2V communication system has been implemented to overcome the road accidents and traffic collisions.This will help to reduce the death rate due to accidents.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

The main features of the prototype are given as under:

The longitude and latitude of both vehicles Alpha and Beta are exchanged between each other long using specialized GPS hardware wireless transceivers modules are used to send and receive data with a good signal strength and range features this module provides efficient communication between Alpha and Beta vehicle.

After exchange of latitude and longitude between both vehicles distance is computed by using Arduino microcontroller and decision is make according to the situation on the base of distance. A sound-based warning in terms of beeps has been defined to alert the drivers when distance is 100 between two vehicles. And when distance is less than 70 the ABS (Automatic braking system) will be activated by MIVS that stop the Vehicle.

Required Hardware & Software

• Hardware
• Car(toy)
• Arduino Microcontroller.

1. Arduino MAGA-2560
2. Arduino UNO.

• Global Positioning System Shield.
• Servos.
• 12v battery.
• Transmitter receiver.
• PC with MS Windows.
• Software
• Arduino Integrated Development Environment (IDE)

Final Deliverable of the Project HW/SW integrated systemCore Industry ITOther Industries IT Core Technology Artificial Intelligence(AI)Other Technologies RoboticsSustainable Development Goals Industry, Innovation and InfrastructureRequired Resources

Item Name	Type	No. of Units	Per Unit Cost (in Rs)	Total (in Rs)
			Total in (Rs)	58800
Arduino Mega 2560 R3	Equipment	5	1700	8500
Ublox NEO_6M GPS Module	Equipment	3	2800	8400
360 DEGREE CONTINUOUS ROTATION SERVOS	Equipment	5	1200	6000
Micro 600mW 5.8G 40CH	Equipment	3	3000	9000
Toy Cars	Equipment	2	4000	8000
Betteries12V	Equipment	3	2500	7500
Jumpers wires	Equipment	4	350	1400
Stationary	Miscellaneous	1	10000	10000