MILKOMETER

Project Title

MILKOMETER

Project Area of Specialization

Information & Communication Technology

Project Summary

Pakistan is an agricultural country and its agricultural sector contributes 23 percent to the GDP and involving 42 percent of the total labor force. Pakistan is the fifth largest producer of milk in the world. The total production of 28 billion liters of milk a year, whose value is more than that of the combined value of wheat and cotton, from a total herd size of 27 million milk animals of cows and buffaloes (SMEDA, 2007). Pakistan’s milk production was 33.2 million tons during 2006-7 and its consumption has shown a steady annual growth of 28.6 % over the last seventeen years between 1991and 2007 (GoP, 2007). Milk is a complete nutritional drink and a necessary part of our daily life. Milk contains necessary ingredients for the growth and maintenance of the human body like proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals. In our country, there is no any quality control mechanism to detect/ensure whether this milk is good for human health or not. The local shopkeepers sell loose milk in open environment as shown in Figure 1 and have zero health certifications, and quality standards. Their storage tanks and containers of milk are subject to millions of bacteria and germs which give birth to food poisoning and other harmful diseases. According to DAWN newspapers on 31st Jan 2017, the Rtd. Chief Justice of Pakistan took a Suo motu action to determine the quality of milk in Pakistan. The Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (PCSIR) took tests on 16 brands of packaged milk and found that only 6 brands are declared safe for consumption.

In this project we will develop a prototype that will analyze the quality of milk by detecting adulterants that are added in the Milk. Some of the major adulterant in the milk having serious adverse health effect are urea, formalin, detergents, ammonium sulphate, boric acid, caustic soda, benzoic acid, salicylic acid, hydrogen peroxide, sugar and melamine to detect the previous mentioned adulteration have carefully chosen the four main parameters that Ph, lactose, electric conductivity and odor. Using the electric conductivity, we can find further parameters(solid not fat (SNF), density and lactose). After analyzing the data that we can compare the parameter that are obtained by different sensor with the Milk health standard parameters that are obtained four state of art method (pathological test) behalf of the result we can categorize the Milk as shown in Table 1.

A	All parameter reached standard of healthy milk. Milk is perfectly suitable for infants
B	The color of the milk is getting faded which is on the verge of spoilage and cannot be used for drinking but can be used for making sweets.
C	Lactometer reading with the value other than in the range of 31-33 which is an indication about the adulteration through water or the other substances to increase the specific gravity .milk is good but not suitable for infants.
D	Milk can not be used for any purpose.

Table 1: Grading of the milk

Project Objectives

The aim of this project is to analyze and detect milk adulteration/contamination, spoilage of milk and microbiological activities using different sensors and grade it based on milk health standard parameters.

The objectives of the project are following:

(1) To Analyze the milk health standard and calibrate the sensors accordingly.

(2)To characterize the different samples of Milk and make an algorithm on its basis.

(3 ) To build a prototype.

Project Implementation Method

Our project is based on Arduino microcontroller which can drive by 6-12-volt dc supply. The quality of milk will be displayed/graded according to its health standards through sensors data. Sensors like temperature, pH, gas and electric conductivity collects the data of temperature, pH, odor and electric conductivity of milk, further all data will be transferred to Arduino. Arduino will compare all data with Milk Health standards & based on designed algorithm it will grade Milk quality accordingly project is based on Arduino microcontroller which can drive by 6-12-volt dc supply. The quality of milk will be displayed/graded according to its health standards through sensors data. Sensors like temperature, pH, gas and electric conductivity collects the data of temperature, pH, odor and electric conductivity of milk, further all data will be transferred to Arduino. Arduino will compare all data with Milk Health standards and based on designed algorithm it will grade Milk quality accordingly as shown in figure 2.

Figure 2

Benefits of the Project

.Adulteration in the milk mainly reduce the quality of Milk and make it hazardous for health.

1. The benefit of our prototype is to detect the adulteration like adding of water, soap, salt, detergent, oil, urea, ammonia and other adulterated ingredients.

2. Using our proposed prototype. It is possible to predict that the Milk is better for home usage or good for making the product. We can also grade the Milk for different ages.

3 .Normally we use the Milk at our home that is harmful for our health so, we have to check the adulteration by some pathetical test that is very expansive and time consuming .By using the prototype we can easily detect adulteration

4. The common sugar present t in the e Milk is lactose table sugar like sucrose is added in Milk to increase the carbohydrates content and thus the density can be increase. So,the Milk can be adulterated with water which cannot be detected by using lactometer. In such case this prototype can be used to detect the presence and type of adulterants.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

(1) The final product is a Milk Adulteration and detection system that is implemented by using Arduino and integrated different sensor, such as pH, Electronic conductivity (EC), Temperature(DS18B20), Gas Sensor(MQ135) & 20x4 LCD display. We obtain the data from these sensors to Arduino for further analyzation, based on designed algorithm Arduino will display Milk quality grade into LCD Display.These grades determine the quality of the milk based on the various parameters. The system indicates the presence of adulterants such as sugar, soap, salt, and H2O2 in the milk. The final result is displayed on the LCD.