IOT based Water Quality Monitoring and Prediction System
The demand for methodologies to monitor the water quality has risen due the alarming situation of water pollution in today?s world. The reduced water quality has become a universal issue of concern in household use, industrial and agricultural activities. Lack of clean drinking water has emerged as
2025-06-28 16:33:53 - Adil Khan
IOT based Water Quality Monitoring and Prediction System
Project Area of Specialization Internet of ThingsProject SummaryThe demand for methodologies to monitor the water quality has risen due the alarming situation of water pollution in today’s world. The reduced water quality has become a universal issue of concern in household use, industrial and agricultural activities. Lack of clean drinking water has emerged as one of the leading causes for infections, ultimately leading to death in majority of the cases. In order to prevent water borne diseases and other issues pertaining to polluted water, the Water Quality Monitoring (WQM) systems have been implemented.
The WQM (Water Quality Monitoring) system that we are developing is aimed to determine the quality of water based upon pH value, turbidity and total dissolved solvents. A smart sensor interface device in the
Internet of Things (IoT) environment will be used for real-time data acquisition, transmission and processing of the required water parameters. In addition to that a prediction algorithm will be implemented to make the device intelligent.
The results will be displayed on a web portal / android app.
Project ObjectivesThe objectives of our IoT based WQM system are stated below:
- The project aims to minimize the time and the cost requirements in detecting water quality.
- Identification of suitable parameters for evaluating the quality of drinking water.
- Selection of optimum and cost-effective communication module for wireless connection based on range of operation and data transfer rate.
- Critically analyzing the available options of IoT sensors, cloud-interface and controllers to choose a feasible and cost-effective solution for the project.
- Real time data collection, processing and uploading on a web portal to enable us observe, monitor and store the results.
- Providing an on-the-go and easily available solution to monitor water quality achieved through application development.
Hardware:
- A pH sensor measures the pH on the basis of voltage or potential difference generated by the solution in which it is dipped by measuring the difference in hydrogen ion concentration using the Nernst equation. Value of pH is displayed as output.
- The turbidity sensor is able to detect the suspended particles in water by measuring the light transmittance and scattering rate which changes with the amount of total suspended solids (TSS) in water. As the TSS increases, the liquid turbidity level increases.
- The TDS pen has a TDS Meter V1.0 signal transmitter board for easy connectivity and interfacing with the Arduino controller. It is to be noted that the probe cannot be used in water above 55 degrees centigrade. Also, the probe cannot be left too close to the edge of the container, otherwise it was found to affect the readings.
- Arduino is an open-source electronics platform based on easy-to-use hardware and software. It consists of both a physical programmable circuit board (often referred to as a microcontroller) and a piece of software, or IDE (Integrated Development Environment) that runs on the computer and is used to write and upload computer code to the physical board.
- Raspberry Pi is a low cost, credit-card sized computer that plugs into a computer monitor or TV, and uses a standard keyboard and mouse. It is a capable little device that enables people of all ages to explore computing, and to learn how to program in languages like Scratch and Python. It is a single board computer which contains a SOC (System On Chip - has multicore processor, GPU, ROM, I/O Peripherals inside it), DDR RAM memory, Ethernet port, USB host and micro HDMI on it.
- ZigBee over IEEE 802.15.4 supports simple devices that consume minimal power and typically operate in the personal operating space (POS) of 10m. ZigBee provides self-organized, multihop, and reliable mesh networking with long battery lifetime.
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Software:
- An Android based application is to be developed so the user is able to access the accumulated data in an easy to comprehend manner. The android platform will provide an on-the-go and easily available solution to monitor water quality.
- Real time data collection, processing and uploading on a web portal will enable us observe, monitor and store the results.
- The system will be trained with the use of a prediction algorithm. It will enable the system predict the quality of water beforehand and help the user make necessary arrangements.
he benefits of the project are enlisted below:
- Detection of polluted water would alert the management to take necessary actions.
- The system will assist in protecting the ecological environment of water resources.
- The system can be deployed in filtration plants to monitor the quality of water.
On-the-go and easily available solution to monitor water quality would provide feasibility for the people deploying the system.
Technical Details of Final DeliverableHardware:
- A pH sensor measures the pH on the basis of voltage or potential difference generated by the solution in which it is dipped by measuring the difference in hydrogen ion concentration using the Nernst equation. Value of pH is displayed as output.
- The turbidity sensor is able to detect the suspended particles in water by measuring the light transmittance and scattering rate which changes with the amount of total suspended solids (TSS) in water. As the TSS increases, the liquid turbidity level increases.
- The TDS pen has a TDS Meter V1.0 signal transmitter board for easy connectivity and interfacing with the Arduino controller. It is to be noted that the probe cannot be used in water above 55 degrees centigrade. Also, the probe cannot be left too close to the edge of the container, otherwise it was found to affect the readings.
- Arduino is an open-source electronics platform based on easy-to-use hardware and software. It consists of both a physical programmable circuit board (often referred to as a microcontroller) and a piece of software, or IDE (Integrated Development Environment) that runs on the computer and is used to write and upload computer code to the physical board.
- Raspberry Pi is a low cost, credit-card sized computer that plugs into a computer monitor or TV, and uses a standard keyboard and mouse. It is a capable little device that enables people of all ages to explore computing, and to learn how to program in languages like Scratch and Python. It is a single board computer which contains a SOC (System On Chip - has multicore processor, GPU, ROM, I/O Peripherals inside it), DDR RAM memory, Ethernet port, USB host and micro HDMI on it.
- ZigBee over IEEE 802.15.4 supports simple devices that consume minimal power and typically operate in the personal operating space (POS) of 10m. ZigBee provides self-organized, multihop, and reliable mesh networking with long battery lifetime.
-
Software:
- An Android based application is to be developed so the user is able to access the accumulated data in an easy to comprehend manner. The android platform will provide an on-the-go and easily available solution to monitor water quality.
- Real time data collection, processing and uploading on a web portal will enable us observe, monitor and store the results.
- The system will be trained with the use of a prediction algorithm. It will enable the system predict the quality of water beforehand and help the user make necessary arrangements.
| Item Name | Type | No. of Units | Per Unit Cost (in Rs) | Total (in Rs) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total in (Rs) | 67060 | |||
| PH sensor (H-101 Electrode) | Equipment | 1 | 10000 | 10000 |
| Turbidity sensor | Equipment | 1 | 6500 | 6500 |
| TDS Sensor | Equipment | 1 | 9570 | 9570 |
| Analog Electrical Conductivity Sensor/Meter V2 | Equipment | 1 | 9690 | 9690 |
| Resbarry pi 3 B | Equipment | 1 | 6500 | 6500 |
| Arduino Uno | Equipment | 2 | 650 | 1300 |
| Xigbee Wireless Module | Equipment | 2 | 7000 | 14000 |
| Printing | Miscellaneous | 1 | 5000 | 5000 |
| Overheads | Miscellaneous | 1 | 4500 | 4500 |