IOT Based Smart Battery Management System For An Electric Vehicle.

Project Title

IOT Based Smart Battery Management System For An Electric Vehicle.

Project Area of Specialization Electrical/Electronic EngineeringProject Summary

SUMMARY:

• The basic idea of our project ( IOT BASED BATTERY MANAGMENT SYSTEM FOR AN ELECTRICAL VEHICLE ) is to design a such type of system which can effeciently manage the battery pack of an electrical vehicle.
• This project focuses on the safe management of an automotive its BMS and any electronic failures associated with it

• When the concept of electric vehicle arises there is need to have  system for its battery that can efficiently manage and monitor the different parameters of battery regarding its charging, discharging, its temperature and other physical and chemical parameters, and to access them from different places wirelessly..

• IoT-based battery monitoring system is consisting of two major parts: 1) Monitoring Device: Monitor and determine the different parameters of the battery.2) User Interface Based on experimental results, the system capable to detect degraded battery performance and   sends notification messages to the user for further action. 

Reason to implement Project Idea:

• The automotive application and use of Lithium-ion battery-based system, imposes certain safety risks to the operators and occupants of these vehicles, which are different than that of vehicles using only an internal combustion engine.
• Thermal runaway of the battery pack(s), which in some cases may result in fire or explosion.  

Project Objectives

OBJECTIVES:

Our main objectives are:

• Calculating the different parameters of battery of an electric vehicles

• Estimating its remaining life based upon cycles used.

• Accessing its real time data using cloud platform regardless of having any wired medium.

• Last but not least and main objective of this project is to provide an efficient battery monitoring system using the above-mentioned things for the better performance and long life of the battery of an electric vehicle.

Project Implementation Method

In Our Project:

• We are going to implement an idea of iot based battery management system for an electric vehicle.
• This battery managment system is capable of performing different tasks like SOC, SOH estimation current and voltage measurements using voltage and current sensor and other advance techniques its CELL BALANCING, remaining useful life (RUL) determination, controlling and monitoring the charge / discharge characteristics  etc.
• For this project, 18650 Lithium-Ion battery is used to develop battery management for 144V 50Ah.
• As lithium-ion batteries have high value of specific energy, high energy density, high open circuit voltage, and low self-discharge, they are a proper candidate for EVs among other cell chemistries.
• We are using IOT in our project to effeciently manage our battery of an electriv vehicle.

Specifications Of a Battery :

Rated Capacity	Min. 2700 mAh
Capacity	Min. 2750 mAh Typ. 2900 mAh
Nominal voltage	3.6 V
Charging	CC-CV, Std. 1925 mA, 4.20 V, 3.0 hrs
Weight ( max )	46.5 g
Temperature	Charge: 0 to +45 °C Discharge: -20 to +60 °C
Energy Density	Volumetric: 577 Wh/l Gravimetric: 214 Wh/kg

Flow Chart:
(Data Monitoring)

Flow Chart:
(Data Transmission)

Block Diagram:

Hardware Modules:

Rated CapacityCapacityNominal voltageCharging Weight ( max )TemperatureEnergy DensityBenefits of the Project

Benefits:

• One of the main benefit of the battery managment system for an electrical vehicle is the safety assurance of the battery pack of the vehicle. 
• Battery Management Systems for Electric Vehicles using Lithium Ion Batteries. ... Among all rechargeable batteries, Lithium Ion Batteries will give high efficiency for electric mobility because Li-Ion batteries have low self-discharge rate, wide operating range, maximum energy density and high life cycle.

• Battery Management Controls: 

  •Fail-Safe Response to Faulted Conditions

  •Diagnostics/Prognostics

  •Cell Voltage

  •Cell Temperature

  •Cell Balancing

  •SOC,SOH

• If the recommended upper limit of 4.2 V was exceeded during charging, excessive
  current would flow and result in lithium plating and overheating this BMS will protect from exceeding.
• On the other hand, overly discharging the cells or storing the cells for extended periods of
  time would cause the cell voltage to fall below its lower limit, typically 2.5 V. This could
  progressively break down the electrode so this BMS will also protect the battery from over discharging.
• It protects the battery cells from abuse and damage.
• It extends the battery life as long as possible.
• It makes sure the battery is always ready to be used.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

A battery management system (BMS) is any electronic system that manages a rechargeable battery (cell or battery pack), such as by protecting the battery from operating outside its safe operating area, monitoring its state, calculating secondary data, reporting that data, controlling its environment, authenticating it

• Charge/Discharge Management.

• Data Management and Assessment.

• Ensuring an Efficient Operational State of the Peripheral Control Units and the Power Converters.

• Real time data computing.

• Accessing data from different places

• Fault determination.

So Final Deliverable of our project ( IOT BASED BATTERY MANAGMENT SYSTEM FOR AN ELECTRIC VEHICLE ) will be Software (Simulation) as well as Hardware.

Final Deliverable of the Project Hardware SystemCore Industry Energy Other Industries Education , IT , Telecommunication Core Technology Internet of Things (IoT)Other Technologies Artificial Intelligence(AI), Others, Clean TechSustainable Development Goals Affordable and Clean Energy, Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure, Sustainable Cities and Communities, Responsible Consumption and ProductionRequired Resources

Elapsed time in (days or weeks or month or quarter) since start of the project	Milestone	Deliverable
Month 1	Literature Review & Proposal Submission	Understanding
Month 2	Circuitry and designing	Simulations
Month 3	Programming and Interfacing Modules	Components required and Coding
Month 4	Programming and Interfacing Modules	Some prepared Modules
Month 5	Implementation and combining Modules	Some more prepared modules
Month 6	Testing and Debugging	Hardware not presentable
Month 7	Documentation & Final Presentation	Both Hardware prepared & FYP Presented