Iot based Meteorological drone for weather forecasting and agriculture

Project Title

Iot based Meteorological drone for weather forecasting and agriculture

Project Area of Specialization Internet of ThingsProject Summary

Our project is basically about observing the atmospheric condition using a quad copter and providing real time data to the users. This drone will be fixed with all the basic sensors like pressure, temperature, humidity, air quality etc. All the data will be collected and received using GUI station at ground using IOT. Drone will fly to different altitudes/directions and the real time data, recorded by the sensors, is readily available to the users.
 The monitoring of crops is an ongoing endeavor that is critical to the success of healthy and robust bounties. For farmers and producers of yesteryear, the observing of crops has been a problematic endeavor due to the navigating of vast swaths of land on foot. Further exacerbating difficulties in monitoring crops and fields are inclement weather conditions that can result in an inability to check on crops This drone will also help in agriculture purpose to farmers especially as atmospheric condition is very necessary for agriculture.
 In short, this project can help in personalized monitoring of weather parameters for 1.meteorological purpose and 2.agricultural field and obtaining real time data of those parameters using IoT services. That data can further be received in any handy-android device and the user can have customized usage of the results based on the data.

Project Objectives

The project aims at using drone technology to measure atmospheric conditions easily as compared to the balloons that were used in past. These balloons were expensive and has low reuse ratio. So we want to achieve reliable meteorological data with low cost. The parameters which we will measure are: Temperature, including humidity and moisture; Air quality ; Air speed; altitude; and Pressure relative to GPS coordinates to pilots. We will keep the range of drone as effective as possible. Radar can’t provide the reliable data required as it can’t look beyond the horizon. It can show the storm but can’t show storm being made. And satellite only provides data of upper atmosphere but fail to look through the clouds. So our drone will be able to collect data from all the difficult places and environment. Our drone can provide reliable data for lower atmosphere. It will be used for agriculture purposes as well as most of the agricultural activities are based on the weather conditions.  Our drone could play an integral role in forecasting and relaying the most accurate information to scientists and the public. We can do better forecast than any other method with drone. Here there are gaps in the data provide by balloon, radar and satellite that drone can fill. With ability to provide the real time data, drone will change the weather prediction for the better. Getting the data to forecaster and researcher will transform the weather prediction model and helps them better to learn more about atmosphere. It will also help the farmers transform the agriculture model and helps them better to make the most of their fields and crops. It can be used by farmers for observation of their lands plus can keep check on weather as weather is very important in agriculture.

The project aims at using drone technology to measure atmospheric conditions easily as compared to the balloons that were used in past. These balloons were expensive and has low reuse ratio. So we want to achieve reliable meteorological data with low cost. The parameters which we will measure are:

• Temperature, including humidity and moisture;
• Air quality ;
• Air speed;
• altitude; and
• Pressure relative to GPS coordinates to pilots.

We will keep the range of drone as effective as possible. Radar can’t provide the reliable data required as it can’t look beyond the horizon. It can show the storm but can’t show storm being made. And satellite only provides data of upper atmosphere but fail to look through the clouds. So our drone will be able to collect data from all the difficult places and environment. Our drone can provide reliable data for lower atmosphere. It will be used for agriculture purposes as well as most of the agricultural activities are based on the weather conditions.  Our drone could play an integral role in forecasting and relaying the most accurate information to scientists and the public. We can do better forecast than any other method with drone. Here there are gaps in the data provide by balloon, radar and satellite that drone can fill. With ability to provide the real time data, drone will change the weather prediction for the better. Getting the data to forecaster and researcher will transform the weather prediction model and helps them better to learn more about atmosphere. It will also help the farmers transform the agriculture model and helps them better to make the most of their fields and crops. It can be used by farmers for observation of their lands plus can keep check on weather as weather is very important in agriculture.

Project Implementation Method

First task was to do some literature review about our project and did some research about the project related to ours that are already implemented. Then we decided the sensors and the microcontroller that suits our project. while choosing the hardware parts of our project we kept few things in our mind that all these parts are cheap and they can work without slight error. Then we connected the sensors, Gps module and camera together with the microcontroller. We viewed the results of sensors over the internet on our webpage. We designed the webpage before the first testing of the circuits so that we can view all the results. The next task was to calibrate the sensors and to make sure that all the readings are correct. After calibration we make drone of our requirement with large range and payload carrying capacity. Then we joined the drone and the circuit together. We tested our weather monitoring circuit again but this time on drone at different places and altitudes. The result was received at the website which include the sensors data, GPS location and the images from the camera. After the final testing of our project is complete then we evaluated all the results and objectives we have achieved. 

Benefits of the Project

As the atmosphere of the world is changing very abruptly so there is need to continuously monitor the atmosphere. Moreover it will help to get the atmospheric data from harsh environment and places where other mean fail to provide the data. The real time data which will be provided our project can be used by researchers. Our project can help in marine transportation which require very accurate weather forecast. It can help study the global house effect on places like artic. It can also help in mineral exploration which require weather forecast. It will help in Agricultural process as most of the agricultural activities require the weather forecast. This would make agriculture more precise. It can help the meteorological department of Pakistan which can use this cheap solution for atmospheric observation for lower atmosphere. This will replace the old expensive balloon use.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

Our main idea was to develop a project that would help in weather monitoring and will help in field of agriculture. It will also replace some very expensive equipment like weather balloon. It will also help farmers to keep check on their fields which would reduce manpower. Our project provides cheap solution as it is easy to a handle and it is cheap. The data is displayed on the website. Website interface is user friendly and it is designed according to the requirements. Our drone is small in size and it can be carried easily anywhere. As the data is received over the iot so this provides a reasonable range to our drone. This drone can be controlled from anywhere.

Final Deliverable of the Project HW/SW integrated systemType of Industry Agriculture , Telecommunication Technologies Internet of Things (IoT)Sustainable Development Goals Climate ActionRequired Resources

Elapsed time in (days or weeks or month or quarter) since start of the project	Milestone	Deliverable
Month 1	Literature review & background	We would get the knowledge and the background of our project. Plus we will buy all the hardware and sensors required for our project.
Month 2	Learn about software used and interfacing with hardware	We will connect all the Sensors and communication module with the microcontroller and do the coding necessary for these. And GUI will also be created which will show the observed date of drone. All the sensors will be checked whether they are working properly or not.
Month 3	Designing	This task includes designing a drone that contains all the equipment fitted with in its body.
Month 4	Testing & Findings	We will test the drone and check whether the drone and sensors are working properly and sending real time data to the ground station.
Month 5	Result Compilation	We will set results compiled from different stations/forums in common man's language so that our project can be beneficial for public with or without intellectual supervision.