IOT Based Autonomous Smart Sprouting System

The scarcity of clean water resources around the globe has generated a need for their optimum utilization. Internet of Things (IOT) solutions, based on the application specific sensors? data acquisition and intelligent processing, are bridging the gaps between the cyber and physical worlds. IOT base

Project Title

IOT Based Autonomous Smart Sprouting System

Project Area of Specialization

Electrical/Electronic Engineering

Project Summary

The scarcity of clean water resources around the globe has generated a need for their optimum utilization. Internet of Things (IOT) solutions, based on the application specific sensors’ data acquisition and intelligent processing, are bridging the gaps between the cyber and physical worlds. IOT based smart irrigation management systems can help in achieving optimum water-resource utilization in the precision farming landscape. 

An open-source technology based smart system to predict the irrigation requirements of a field using the sensing of ground parameter like soil moisture, soil temperature, and environmental conditions will be developed. The sensing nodes, involved in the ground and environmental sensing, consider soil moisture, soil temperature, air temperature, Ultraviolet (UV) light radiation, and relative humidity of the crop field. The intelligence of the proposed system will be based on a smart algorithm, which will consider sensed data along with the weather forecast parameters like precipitation, air temperature, humidity, and UV for the near future. The complete system will be developed and deployed on a small scale. The system will have a provision for a closed-loop control of the water supply to realize a fully autonomous irrigation scheme. An android app will also be developed to monitor the irrigation system autonomously. The system will be fully functional and will work according to desired outcome.

Project Objectives

The main objective of this project is to develop an automated system that solves most problems related to irrigation and agriculture. such as controlling and saving both the water and electricity, increasing agricultural production using small quantities of water, minimize manual intervention in watering operations with increasing watering speed, Preserving plants from fungi, and finally. All these features make the automated system sustainable option to be considered to improve the agriculture and irrigation efficiency. The goals of this study are to discover the excellent automation technique for irrigation system automatically control and monitor all information and manage the device immediately from mobile.

The purpose of smart auto irrigation system is;

• Simplify the irrigation system by installing and designing the whole irrigation system.
• To minimize manual intervention by the farmer.
• To prevent excessive wastage of water and electricity.
• To improve and stabilize the crop through the implementation of sustainable irrigation systems.
• To promote water management practices that optimizes the volume and timing of water distribution.
• To generate positive economic consequences for farmers and their families.
• To minimize year to year yield fluctuations, leading to higher and more stable farm income.

Project Implementation Method

This project will base on three chambers named as small hydroponic chamber, seeding chamber and field chamber.

In this project, firstly, fertilizer and water will be mixed up and will become a thick solute. The small quantity of fertilizer mixed water will move into small hydroponic chamber in which NPK tested will be used to check the quantity of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in fertilizer mixed solution. The quantity of solute in hydroponic chamber will be controlled via volume monitoring valve.

The fertilizer mixed solute will move into the seeding chamber via inlet where two types of trays named as water tray and seeding tray will be placed. This solute quantity will be controlled via volume monitoring valve. Seeding tray will be above the water tray and there will be a warmth seeding matt under the water tray for providing specific heat. Moisture sensor and PH sensor will be placed in the seeding tray which will measure the moisture and PH of the seeding tray soil. If the moisture value of this seeding tray soil will be decreased from specific level, then water will be absorbed by soil respectively. PH sensor will detect the amount of PH and fertilizer mixed water will be absorbed in order to maintain the PH of soil at a specific value. However, air speed and air humidity sensors will also be used to measure the speed and humidity of air.  Air blockage sheet will be used for protection of seeds in case when the speed of air will be high from certain level. Heat protection sheet will also be used above this chamber in order to protect seeds from ultra violet light rays of sun which can spoil the plants. Normal water supply tank will also be used in order to provide water to the plants without fertilizer.

The fertilizer mixed water solute will also move into third chamber named as field chamber where auto mist system will be used to sprinkle water on the field plants. The quantity of water in this chamber will also be controlled via volume monitoring valve. Moisture sensor will be placed in the field in order to check the miniaturization value in that soil. If the quantity of moisture will be low than the specific value, then auto moist system will be turned on and will sprinkle water on field crop until the moisture of that field will increase to a certain level. Air humidity sensor will be used to detect the humidity of air and temperature sensor will also be used to measure the temperature of the field chamber. Smog releaser will also be used in this chamber through which smog will be released in order to kill the pesticides which can damage the field plants.  The android Application will be designed through which all three chambers will be monitored autonomously.

Benefits of the Project

The main focus of this project on an automatic irrigation system. An automatic irrigation system is a synonym of water, time, and money savings. Then focus on the factors which affect on the production and quailty of food like temperature , humidity, moisture etc.

An automatic irrigation has has following benefits:

1. Free ourself from manual labour.
2. Save water and time.
3. Increase of food production.
4. Modify soil or climate environment – leaching.
5. Lessen risk of catastrophic damage caused by drought.
6. Increase income & national cash flow.
7. Prevents weeds and disease
8. Preservers soil structure and nutrients
9. Increase standard of living.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

Continuously monitor the soil moisture level to decide whether irrigation is needed, and how much water is needed in the soil. A pumping mechanism is used to deliver the needed amount of water to the soil. The work can be grouped into four subsystems namely; power supply, sensing unit, control unit and pumping subsystems which make up the automatic irrigation control system. A moisture sensor was constructed to model the electrical resistance of the soil; a regulated power supply unit was constructed to power the system; the control circuit was implemented using operational amplifier and timer; and the pumping subsystem consisting of a submersible low-noise micro water pump was constructed using a small dc-operated motor. System response tests were carried out to determine the time taken for the system to irrigate potted samples of different soil types having different levels of dryness. The results obtained showed that sandy soils require less water than loamy soils and clay soils require the most water for irrigation.

pH scale is used to measure the acidity and basicity of a liquid. It can have readings ranging from 1-14 where 1 shows the most acidic liquid and 14 shows the most basic liquid. 7 pH is for neutral substances that are neither acidic nor basic.Soil nutrient content can be easily measured using NPK Soil Sensor & Respberry pi. Measurement of soil content N (nitrogen), P (phosphorus), and K (potassium) is necessary to determine how much additional nutrient content is to be added to soil to increase crop fertility.

IOT based autonomous smart sprouting system hardware prototype will be designed and will also be presented in final project submission.Hardware prototype will be developed which will follow the objectives and will also fulfil the purpose of our design.

Final Deliverable of the Project

Hardware System

Core Industry

Agriculture

Other Industries

Education , IT , Food

Core Technology

Internet of Things (IoT)

Other Technologies

Others

Sustainable Development Goals

Decent Work and Economic Growth, Reduced Inequality, Responsible Consumption and Production

Required Resources

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