Intelligent Spirometer
Project summary: Many diseases affect our normal breathing such as xx xx xx. Clinicians use a Spirometer to assess the pulmonary health of a person. A spirometer is a device that is used to measure the volume of air inspired and expired by the lungs. It is frequently used by
2025-06-28 16:28:00 - Adil Khan
Intelligent Spirometer
Project Area of Specialization Biomedical EngineeringProject SummaryProject summary:
Many diseases affect our normal breathing such as xx xx xx. Clinicians use a Spirometer to assess the pulmonary health of a person. A spirometer is a device that is used to measure the volume of air inspired and expired by the lungs. It is frequently used by physicians to diagnose various pulmonary diseases. Our smart spirometer device provides efficient diagnosis through the use of AI Algorithms.
In underdeveloped countries like Pakistan, crucial sectors for sustained development such as health, have seen a marked loss of qualified personnel (physicians), most notably to pulmonary diseases. These lung diseases not only take an enormous physical toll on patients, but also cause significant economic losses both directly in the developing world and less directly in the developed world. It is therefore a matter not only of public health, but also of economic interest, to invest in and organize both internationally and nationally coordinated strategies to fight the major infectious diseases/ lung diseases, or at least to bring them under control.
The proposed point-of-care device could be used both in clinical settings and at home, where patients would be able to monitor their condition from time to time, rather than running to the hospital when their condition gets worse. The smart spirometer device will reduce the burden of diagnosis on physicians, and provide early diagnosis, which will result in timely and shorter therapy. We believe that such a timely diagnosis and therapy of the disease will greatly reduce the burden on the economy, and improve the quality of life of patients, thus reducing the mortality rate.
Project ObjectivesProject objectives:
- Develop a handheld spirometer as a point of care for patients who are transitioning from the clinical laboratory to general practices and their homes.
- It's a user-friendly device that would improve general practitioners' capacity to work.
- Designing an Android app-based control of the spirometer to establish baseline measurements for their patients connecting them to the doctors to detect potential pulmonary diseases in a smart way.
- Device to prevent COPD from getting into later stages due to late diagnosis.
- Suitable for adults as well as children.
- Bi-functional device; measures the parameters and provides initial preventive precautions and procedure details instantly.
- Cost-effectiveness is crucial for spirometer adoption in the market.
- Design concerns such as size and power consumption are also important.
- The gadget must be powered by a small portable battery, have charging capabilities, and provide a variety of connectivity choices.
PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION METHOD:
Our project implementation method consists of the following steps:
- Literature review
Starting with the literature review, which was completed in a time period of 4 months from June to august, we covered a total of 56 papers from where we selected the relevant papers and made the decision of using respective sensors (venturi flow sensor and MPX7002dp) and microcontroller (arduino Nano)
- Calibration (differential pressure sensor(MPX7002D) and venturi based flow sensor)
- For calibration of differential pressure sensor MPX 7002: it is calibrated using a t tube, in which at one end there is PASCO pressure sensor, on the other end is our differential pressure sensor, and a 10ml syringe is connected to the third tube of the t tube, by applying pressure on the syringe, the pressure changes are observed simultaneously on capstone, where pressure vs time plot is being plotted and on Arduino where the pressure changes are in voltages. A graph is plotted between pressure and voltages on MS excel, and an equation is derived.
- For calibration of venturi flow sensor: the setup consists of pasco spirometer, flow sensor and our venturi flow sensor, a graph between differential pressure and flow sensor is plotted on MS excel and equation was derived.
- Device setup:
The pressure sensor is connected to Arduino Nano, both the positive and negative pressure ports are connected to the ports of the venturi flow sensor, a mouthpiece consisting of an air filter, so that no bacteria can enter the spirometer from the patient's mouth, is connected to the venturi flow sensor.
- Testing:
For testing our device, initially the results are observed on an oscilloscope, when inspiring, a negative curve is obtained and when expiring a positive curve is obtained, the results from oscilloscope shows that the device is working properly and the values are in acceptable range to detect human lungs capacity.
- Data acquisition:
Our next step is to acquire data from the patients of COPD, asthma and COVID sufferers, protocol for data acquisition has also been designed.
- Data analysis:
Using AI algorithms (or feature extraction and data classification) our collected data would be analyzed and it would detect the different lung diseases (COPD, asthma, COVID),
- Conclusions and Write up:
The final step is thesis writing, the first chapter includes the introduction, second chapter is focused on literature review, third and fourth chapter cover the hardware and software design, whereas the last chapter will include the conclusion.
Benefits of the ProjectBENEFITS OF PROJECT:
- Reduction in the burden of diagnosis leads to an increased quality of life because of the early diagnosis.
- The better economy of the country.
- A cost-effective device giving patients more access to the test.
- Every patient despite his educational background can use it efficiently.
- It will prevent the patient from the hassle of waiting for the results as this device will give instantaneous results.
Technical Details:
We propose development of an intelligent spirometer that uses a differential pressure sensor which will measure the values showing the capacity of the lungs. Those values are then fed to the AI based diagnostic system which will classify them into different lung conditions/ diseases. The proposed device will not only assist the pulmonologists in diagnosis but will also reduce the risk of transmission of any viral diseases like COVID-19. With the AI Diagnostic capability, the proposed device will greatly reduce the burden of diagnosis on physicians. Even in rural areas of Pakistan where access to physicians is very rare, such devices would be beneficial in providing timely diagnosis of the lethal pulmonary diseases.
A spirometer is a device that is used for the volume of air inspired and expired by the lungs. It is frequently used by physicians to diagnose various pulmonary diseases. Our smart spirometer provides efficient diagnosis through the use of Artificial Intelligence Algorithms.
It would be a flexible, 90% accurate and proven portable spirometry solution. Easily connected to the PC with Bluetooth for real-time patient incentives, data exchange and EMR (Electronic Medical Record System) connectivity.
• Portable and PC mode
• LCD Display
• Bluetooth capabilities
• Free in-person training
• Easy to use
• POC testing
Our deliverable would be a proposed point-of-care device that could be used both in clinical settings and at home, where patients would be able to monitor their condition from time to time, rather than running to the hospital when their condition gets worse. The smart spirometer device will reduce the burden of diagnosis on physicians, and provide early diagnosis, which will result in timely and shorter therapy. We believe that such a timely diagnosis and therapy of the disease will greatly reduce the burden on the economy, and improve the quality of life of patients, thus reducing the mortality rate. People have avoided going to the doctor's office and hospitals as much as possible since the COVID–19 emergency began. More than ever, we require more access to technologies that allow us to examine our own health, particularly respiratory function.
Final Deliverable of the Project HW/SW integrated systemCore Industry HealthOther Industries Medical Core Technology Artificial Intelligence(AI)Other Technologies 3D/4D PrintingSustainable Development Goals Good Health and Well-Being for PeopleRequired Resources| Item Name | Type | No. of Units | Per Unit Cost (in Rs) | Total (in Rs) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total in (Rs) | 79955 | |||
| Arduino mega | Equipment | 1 | 2300 | 2300 |
| Arduino nano | Equipment | 1 | 1350 | 1350 |
| Sensirion | Equipment | 1 | 25176 | 25176 |
| MPX5010DP | Equipment | 1 | 16699 | 16699 |
| MPX7007 | Equipment | 1 | 7389 | 7389 |
| MPXV7002 | Equipment | 1 | 9783 | 9783 |
| pressure sensor(2KPa) | Equipment | 1 | 7272 | 7272 |
| Stationery | Miscellaneous | 1 | 1489 | 1489 |
| Printing | Miscellaneous | 1 | 8497 | 8497 |