Impact of Static var compensator for the Power Factor Improvement

The demand for efficient and improved quality of electrical energy is presently growing daily. Nowadays, power networks are expected to be efficient and versatile in terms of electric power regulation. It becomes strenuous for the power system to gratify security constraints under all&nbsp

Project Title

Impact of Static var compensator for the Power Factor Improvement

Project Area of Specialization

Electrical/Electronic Engineering

Project Summary

The demand for efficient and improved quality of electrical energy is presently growing daily. Nowadays, power networks are expected to be efficient and versatile in terms of electric power regulation. It becomes strenuous for the power system to gratify security constraints under all operating circumstances. As the reactive power consumption has a significant effect on the operation of a power system. FACTS controllers nowadays are able to achieve reliable, economic and stable compensation of reactive power to improve power factor at all conditions of loading. A new technique for controlling SVCs (Fixed Capacitor–Thyristor Controlled Reactor) in power systems with the aim of cancelling the reactive current component of the load. A complete model of the SVC with its control circuit will be set up and tested under different load conditions.

Project Objectives

The purpose of this project is to design and analyze the impact of modern SVC based device in the power system network. 

The main objectives of this project are; 
1.    Reactive power control in the system
2.    Improve the power factor of the power system
3.    Reduce the losses in the power systems
4.    Improve the power systems capability  

Project Implementation Method

The prototype of the project consists of different parts.  Following are the parts of the porotype of the project to be designed, 
A.    Design of Capacitor Circuit

For the SVC, the determination of the capacitor value will be designed according to either the maximum reactive load that should be compensated using the SVC under consideration or according to the value of the available capacitor bank. Based on the available equipment in the UB-BSC SGL, a capacitor bank will be designed to serve as the fixed capacitor branch of the SVC module. 
B.    Design of Reactor Circuit
On the other side, some considerations will be taken into account when determining the reactor’s value of the TCR. The value of the reactor L will be chosen such that the resonant frequency, in the SVC circuit, does not coincide with any characteristic harmonic of the fundamental system frequency. Based on this, the value of the reactor will be designed for a resonant frequency of 100Hz. 

C.      Design of the controller circuit
The controller circuit will be designed for controlling the action of the capacitor, inductor, and parameters will be expressed with the help of Arduino. The controller circuit will consist of thyristors for switching the capacitors and inductors. It also includes the optocouplers for the operation of the thyristors.

Benefits of the Project

It will increase the power transmission capability of the transmission lines.
It will improve the transient stability of the system.
It will control the steady state and temporary over voltages.
It will improve the load power factor, and therefore, reduced line losses and improve system capability.
It will improve the overall performance of the existing power system network

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

SVC is a static Var compensator which will be connected in parallel to the transmission line. SVC acts as a generator/load, whose output is adjusted to exchange capacitive or inductive current so as to maintain or control specific power system variables. Static Var systems are applied by utilities in transmission applications for several purposes. The primary purpose is usually for rapid control of voltage at weak points in a network. Installations may be at the midpoint of transmission interconnections or at the line ends. SVC is similar to a synchronous condenser but without a rotating part in that, it is used to supply or absorb reactive power. The SVC is connected to a coupling transformer that is connected directly to the ac bus whose voltage is to be regulated. SVC is composed of a controllable shunt reactor and shunt capacitor. Total susceptance of SVC can be controlled by controlling the firing angle of thyristors. However, the SVC acts like a fixed capacitor or fixed inductor at the maximum and minimum limits. Thyristor Controlled Reactor–Thyristor Switched Capacitor (TCR–TSC) combining the TCR and the TSC is the optimum solution in many cases. With a TCR–TSC SVC, continuously variable reactive power can be obtained across the entire control range, with full control of both the inductive and the capacitive parts of the compensator. The principal benefit is optimum performance during major disturbances in the system such as line faults and load rejections. The final output of the prototype will be, an improved load power factor, compensate for the reactive power, reduces the overall losses of the system and improve the power system capability.

Final Deliverable of the Project

Hardware System

Core Industry

Energy

Other Industries

Education

Core Technology

Clean Tech

Other Technologies

Others

Sustainable Development Goals

Affordable and Clean Energy, Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure

Required Resources

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