Hybrid Motorbike

Project Title

Hybrid Motorbike

Project Area of Specialization RoboticsProject Summary

With the fuel options getting limited, there will be a time when the world will have to look for other fuel options. This is leading us towards alternative fuel sources. Hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) are those vehicles which use both an electric motor and conventional internal combustion engine. These could become a potential alternative for eco-conscious buyers. The need for economical transport is increasing day by day. It is therefore essential to devise new technologies which can fulfill the requirements of cost-effective transportation. The main focus of this project is to provide cost-effective and eco-friendly motorbike as a source of mobility. The most commonly used mode of transport in Pakistan is motorbike as it saves time and is comparatively cheaper than other vehicles. However, motorcycles in our country are mostly run by petrol, which is relatively expensive and hazardous to the environment. To overcome these issues, a hybrid motorbike can be a feasible solution. It will be eco-friendly as the ratio of petrol consumption will be less and electric energy will be high over a certain distance. Brushless DC (BLDC) motor will be used for running the motorbike on electric energy stored in the lithium-ion batteries. These batteries will be charged through balanced charging based battery management systems (BMS) from utility supply or solar system.  To get optimum performance and high torque, bike engine will be used. The motor and engine conversion is both automatic and manual. Control of motorbike speed under different operating conditions will be tested and analyzed. Selection of BLDC motor or internal combustion engine will be made on the basis of different operating conditions observed during testing.

Project Objectives

The objective of this project is to provide economical, energy efficient and eco-friendly source of transportation to the consumers. Due to high fuel prices, pure electric and hybrid motorbikes are getting more attraction. Hybrid motorbike is most suitable option for the developing country like Pakistan have both smooth and uneven roads. This will leads to achieve sustainable development goals.

Industrial objective:

The Hybrid motorcycle market size is not significant at the very beginning, but consumer inclination towards the use of Hybrid Bikes as an eco-friendly and energy efficient solution gave this market a boom. In our opinion, this is a positive step towards the development of Pakistan's auto industry, and if it succeeds, we can build a feasible business model of its manufacturing in Pakistan. This will help in contributing the economy and the saving foreign exchange. The demand for electric vehicles is increasing due to rapid transformations taking place in the energy efficient and green automotive industry. Hybrid motorcycles should provide an innovative solution to commuters.

Domestic objective:

Our target is to provide ecologically reasonable solution and alternative fuel vehicle to Pakistan’s consumers.

People need something new and cheaper for the bike to run and due to high rates of fuel. In hybrid motorbikes the amount of energy used is minimal, making them a more eco-friendly choice of transport. If there isn't any electricity available to charge the battery, then the internal combustion engine would run the bike on fuel. The second benefit of using our project is that if the battery discharge while driving the motorcycle then the BLDC motor will stop working and the bike will convert from motor to internal combustion engine.

Project Implementation Method

Before implementation of the project on hardware level, initially, the components are selected designed. Then, we made a schematic diagram of the electrical part of the project and run simulation on Proteus software. This was very helpful in getting the optimal values of the components. Later on, designed and tested circuit will be implemented on hardware. BLDC motor will be assembled on the front wheel of the bike. Lithium- ion cells will be arranged in series/parallel connections to get the desired voltage and current rating to operate the BLDC motor. Balanced charging based battery management system (BMS) for Li-ion batteries will be used to charge and monitor the cells. If any cell is not completely charged then BMS will help them for complete charge and BMS protect the batteries from overcharging. We are using a charger which will be used to charge the batteries from utility because our purpose is to charge the bike from utility supply. We will not directly charge batteries from 220V supply so to charge at 48 volts batteries from the supply but we will convert 220V AC to required DC to charge the batteries. The whole project will be completed and executed within the required time frame. All the monitoring and operating states will be controlled both automatically and manually.

Benefits of the Project

1. Environmentally Friendly: One of the most significant advantages of a hybrid motorcycle over the gasoline-powered motorcycle is that it runs cleaner and has better gas mileage which makes it environmentally friendly. A hybrid vehicle runs on twin powered engine (gasoline engine and electric motor) that cuts fuel consumption and conserves energy.

2. Financial Benefits: Hybrid motorcycles are supported by many credits and incentives that help to make them affordable. Lower annual tax bills and exemption from congestion charges come in the form of less amount of money spent on the fuel.

3. Less dependence on Fossil Fuels: A Hybrid motorcycle is much cleaner and requires less fuel to run which means fewer emissions and less reliance on fossil fuels. This in turn also helps to reduce the price of gasoline in the domestic market.

4. Low maintenance: Hybrid motorcycle mostly driven on batteries, so their maintenance is low.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

The final product will contain a Brushless DC (BLDC) motor assembled in the front wheel (17 inches) of 70CC motorcycle. The power of the BLDC motor is 1000W. Fully charged battery will give mileage of 40Km at the speed of 40Km/hour using a battery of 10Ah. A speedometer will be connected for monitoring speed alongside a thumb throttle which will control the speed of motorbike in electric mode. An indication will be present to convert electric to combustion engine once the battery is low. An electric bike charger will be provided to charge the bike once parked. The charger is of 5A, 60V and will charge the battery in 2 hours 30 minutes.

Final Deliverable of the Project Hardware SystemType of Industry Energy , Transportation , Others Technologies Robotics, OthersSustainable Development Goals Affordable and Clean Energy, Climate ActionRequired Resources

Item Name	Type	No. of Units	Per Unit Cost (in Rs)	Total (in Rs)
			Total in (Rs)	80000
BLDC hub motor	Equipment	1	18500	18500
Hub motor Controller	Equipment	1	5000	5000
Hydraullic Disk Brake	Equipment	1	4000	4000
Thumb Throttle	Equipment	1	2200	2200
Spokes 17 inch (36pcs)	Equipment	1	1200	1200
Used Motorcycle	Equipment	1	16000	16000
Brake Lever	Equipment	1	950	950
Li ion cell	Equipment	65	80	5200
Cell Spot Welding	Equipment	1	2200	2200
Bike Rim	Equipment	1	800	800
Steering Stem +Shocks	Equipment	1	5600	5600
Side Box	Equipment	1	2000	2000
Speedometer	Equipment	1	1000	1000
Arduino Mega 2560	Equipment	2	1050	2100
IR2101	Equipment	6	100	600
Optocoupler	Equipment	15	5	75
06N03	Equipment	6	40	240
IR 3205	Equipment	15	42	630
PCB board	Equipment	4	50	200
LCD	Equipment	1	500	500
Bridge Rectifier	Equipment	2	20	40
Capacitor	Equipment	4	100	400
Electrical wires	Equipment	1	565	565
Transport	Miscellaneous	1	4000	4000
Stationary	Miscellaneous	1	3000	3000
Mechanical Fixing	Miscellaneous	1	3000	3000