GSM based prepaid energy metering using smart card

Project Title

GSM based prepaid energy metering using smart card

Project Area of Specialization Electrical/Electronic EngineeringProject Summary

In this proposal the idea of Prepaid energy meter using smart card and GSM have been introduced. In this method we are using microcontroller because it is energy efficient i.e. it consumes less power and it is fastest. In this paper, energy meters which is already installed at our houses are not replaced, but a small modification on the already installed meters can change the existing Postpaid meters into Prepaid meters. We’ll recharge our meter using both smart card and GSM before using energy and also switching of our energy meter using both Smart card and GSM.

Project Objectives

The Project objectives are given below:

1) To have practical experience.

2) To minimize Losses.

3) To provide a fascility to WAPDA against those people who           don't pay their bills in time.

4) To provide a fascility to the consumer to avoid billing               issues

5) To safe time for both consumer and supplier.

6) To be more economical.

7) To safe electrical Power.

Project Implementation Method

The Methods for Project Implementation are given below:

1) First of all open the already installed Meter.

2) find the Pulse LED or Cal LED’s terminals (cathode and Anode).

3) Now solder two wires at both the terminals and take it out from the energy meter.

4) then close energy meter and tight the screws.

5) Now user needs to connect anode terminal of LED at pin number 1 of Optocoupler and cathode terminal to pin 2.

6) Pin number four of optocouper should be directly connected to ground.

7) A LED and a Pull-up resistor are connected at pin number 5 of optocoupler. And same terminal should go to the microcontroller pin 8 too.

Benefits of the Project

Benefits of the Project are given below:

1) There will be no need of Home meter readings

2) Less time consumption for both consumer and supplier.

3) It will be more economical.

4) It will safe electrical Power.

5) It will minimize Losses.

6) It will provide a fascility to WAPDA against those people who don't pay their bills in time.

7) It will provide a fascility to the consumer related to billing               issues

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

Here we have interfaced electricity energy meter with Microcontroller using the pulse LED (Calibration or Cal) of electricity Energy meter. We only need to connect tis CAL LED to Microcontroller through an Optocoupler IC.

 When we power up the system then it reads previous values of rupees stored in EEPROM and restores them into the variables then checks the available balance with the predefined value and take action according to them, like if available balance is greater than 15 rupees then Microcontroller turns On the electricity of home or office by using relay. And if balance is less than 15 rupees then Microcontroller sends a SMS to user phone regarding low balance alert and requesting to recharge soon. And if balance is less than 5 rupees then Microcontroller turns Off the electricity connection of home and sends a SMS to user’s phone for ‘Light Cut’ alert and requesting to recharge soon. 

Before proceeding for the calculations, first we have to keep in mind the pulse rate of energy meter. There are two pulse rates of energy meter first is 1600 imp/kwh and second is 3200 imp/kwh. So here we are using 3200 imp/kwh pulse rate energy meter.

So first we need to calculate the Pulses for 100watt, means how many times Pulse LED will blink in a minute, for the load of 100 watts.

Pulse= (Pluse_rate*watt*time)/ (1000*3600)

So pulses for 100 watt bulb in 60 seconds, with energy meter of 3200 imp/kwh pulse rate can be calculated as below:

Pulses=3200*100*60/1000*3600

Pulses = ~5.33 pulse per minute

Now we need to calculate Power factor of a single pulse, means how much electricity will be consumed in one pulse:

PF= watt/(hour*Pulse)

PF=100/60*5.33

PF=0.3125 watt in a single pulse

Units= PF*Total pulse/1000

Total pulses in an hour is around 5.33*60=320

Units = 0.3125*320/1000

Units = 0.1 per hour

If a 100 watt bulb is lighting for a day then it will consume

Units =0.1*24

Units = 2.4 Units

And suppose unit rate is at your region is 5 rupees per unit then

You have to pay for 2.4 Units Rs:

Rupees= 2.4*5 = 12 rupees

Final Deliverable of the Project HW/SW integrated systemCore Industry Energy Other Industries Manufacturing , Telecommunication Core Technology Shared EconomyOther Technologies Augmented & Virtual Reality, Wearables and ImplantablesSustainable Development Goals Affordable and Clean Energy, Decent Work and Economic Growth, Responsible Consumption and ProductionRequired Resources

Item Name	Type	No. of Units	Per Unit Cost (in Rs)	Total (in Rs)
			Total in (Rs)	45900
GSM	Equipment	2	4000	8000
RFID Sensor	Equipment	2	2000	4000
Analogue Energy Meter	Equipment	1	7000	7000
RFID Cards	Equipment	10	100	1000
Relay Module	Equipment	2	1900	3800
Vero Board	Equipment	6	300	1800
Display LCD	Equipment	2	2000	4000
Optocoupler	Equipment	2	400	800
Microcontroller	Equipment	3	1000	3000
Wires	Equipment	10	100	1000
Travelling Expenses	Miscellaneous	4	1000	4000
SIM Card	Equipment	2	500	1000
Diodes	Equipment	20	50	1000
Variable Resistors	Equipment	5	100	500
Resistors	Equipment	5	100	500
Capistors	Equipment	5	100	500
Power Supply(12V,5A)	Equipment	2	1000	2000
Card Board	Equipment	2	500	1000
Instruments	Miscellaneous	10	100	1000