Crop Monitoring and Smart Irrigation System

Project Title

Crop Monitoring and Smart Irrigation System

Project Area of Specialization Electrical/Electronic EngineeringProject Summary

 Agriculture contributes a major share in Pakistan’s economy and a large segment of population is dependent on it for livelihood. Issues like efficient deployment of fertilizer and spraying the pesticides on the crop for protection have always been hindering the development of the country. One solution to this problem is smart agriculture by modernizing the current traditional methods of agriculture. Hence the aim of this project is to build a robot whose two major features would be the pesticides spay and fertilizer deployment in the field. Usually when farmers are deploying fertilizer, some part of the fertilizer is wasted due to excess deploying. To take full advantage of the material, our robot will only deploy a certain amount of fertilizer in the required areas. For spraying pesticides in field, taking necessary precautions by wearing a uniform may not be enough and could affect human health. For this purpose, we are introducing automated pesticide spray in our robot which will spray through nozzles all over the fields when needed. Furthermore the robot is designed to move automatically as well as there will be mobile app for manual control with live streaming of the field. The live stream is done by using the camera which will be mounted on the robot and the results will be displayed on any smart device. So the farmer can easily find out about the presence of any pest. Moreover, robot consists of multiple sensors to monitor temperature and humidity in the surroundings of the field and to measure the moisture in the soil. In this way, farmer will be updated about the condition of the field in order to take the precautions accordingly. As the visualization is also being recorded to be accessed in the future. This will result in reduction of human effort.

Project Objectives

• This project is a solution in controlling the spread of pests through automated pesticide spray on the defective areas in the field efficiently so that there will be no waste of extra medicine
• One of its main features is deploying the fertilizer in the field where needed. Thus, it can be used in a large agricultural area where human effort needs to be minimized.
• This system enables the farmer to always have an eye on the field even far away from the field as the system has a live visualization option on the mobile application to detect the pest.
• This project can be a solution for smart farming by allowing the farmer to communicate with the robot through wireless communication technology and make it move manually where he needs the robot to go and spray the pesticides and deploy the fertilizer.
• This system allows controlling the amount of water delivered to the plants when it is needed by monitoring soil moisture and temperature.

Project Implementation Method

The core of our project is Arduino, which will be responsible for controlling the major part of the project. There will be esp32 cameras mounted on the project that will give us a video-based visual on android or windows through Wi-Fi. We will be using some sensors that include a temperature and humidity sensor, a moisture detector sensor whose readings will be displayed on an android app. There will also be another sensor which is the ultra-sonic sensor that will be controlling the obstacle avoidance system, as it is a mobile project, and is capable of moving from one place to another, it will have a remote-controlled system that will control its movement which consists of a bogie wheel system that will help the project is moving on uneven and rough areas. The project also includes a fertilizer deployment system, controlled through servo motors, that will deploy a certain amount of fertilizer on the required areas. The project also includes a pesticide spray system. This will be controlled through a water pump, supplying liquid to be sprayed to the arms from where the liquid is supposed to be sprayed on the areas where pests are detected. The information received through cameras and sensors will be saved on a database to be accessed whenever needed. The whole project will be connected to a Wi-Fi shield that will help in accessing the project from anywhere. The project will have its battery to supply power; it will also be chargeable so when the battery runs out it just needs to be plugged in till it's charged.

Benefits of the Project

Following are the benefits of this project:

• Modernizing the method of agriculture.
• Less human resources
• Increase in production
• User friendly
• Live and recorded visualization of field.
• Real time reading of temperature, humidity and soil moisture sensor
• Control of pests through robot
• Deployment of specific amount of fertilizer

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

The final face of the project will be more like a mini cyber tank that would be moving on conveyor belt. The system would be controlled through an android app by the user (farmer) through Wi-Fi. The robot will have cameras mounted in such a way to have a visual of the whole surrounding so that the user can watch all over its fields. The main purpose of this visual is to detect any presence of pests. The robot can move in close to the plants to have close looks at the pests, and if pesticides are needed, the user will give the signal to the robot and it will start the pesticide spray so the farmer doesn’t have to engage himself physically.  The robot will also be capable of deploying fertilizer on the required areas, it will have a system to deploy only a certain amount so that no excess is wasted. The user will also be receiving the temperature and humidity of the surrounding robot so that the current atmosphere of fields is monitored. The robot will also be capable of detecting the moisture of the soil so that the user will know when the soil needs water. All the video streaming, temperature, humidity, and soil moister will be saved in a database as a source of record.

Final Deliverable of the Project HW/SW integrated systemCore Industry AgricultureOther IndustriesCore Technology RoboticsOther TechnologiesSustainable Development Goals Decent Work and Economic GrowthRequired Resources

Item Name	Type	No. of Units	Per Unit Cost (in Rs)	Total (in Rs)
			Total in (Rs)	44900
Arduino	Equipment	2	2000	4000
Wifi Module	Equipment	1	1500	1500
Ftdi Module	Equipment	1	1000	1000
Camera	Equipment	3	2000	6000
Sensors	Equipment	3	800	2400
Motors	Equipment	6	2000	12000
Motor Driver	Equipment	1	1000	1000
Pump	Equipment	1	1000	1000
Battery	Equipment	2	2000	4000
Containers	Equipment	2	1000	2000
Body frame	Miscellaneous	1	7000	7000
Overhead	Miscellaneous	1	3000	3000