FPGA based hardware in loop simulation for power control

Project Title

FPGA based hardware in loop simulation for power control

Project Area of Specialization Wearables and ImplantableProject Summary

In Power Grids, voltage sag or swell on the grid can affect the entire distribution network which can cause damage to the sensitive equipments installed on the network. Conventionally this issue is solved by using PID controllers but in our project, we have proposed a new technique called Sliding Mode Control which offers far better performance than the conventional PID controllers. Load sharing and Voltage Regulation are also important parameters in defining the performance of the distribution network. The project is going to deal with the issue in DC micro-grids utilizing Field Programmable Gate Array FPGA. Renewable Energy sources such as photo voltaic cell, fuel cells, solar cells etc., produce energy in the form of DC and their voltages, used as input for power converters, may vary and can cause the variation in output power. Hence the control system must be capable of maintaining the output power not only in case of over-loading but also in case of variable input voltages.
The key idea is to digitally implement the proposed controller in FPGA and achieve considerable improvements in terms of robustness, accuracy and fastness as compared to the conventional analogue controllers. This is a very cost-efficient method and requires no hardware circuitry for SMC controller. The data acquisition and control, both are handled by FPGA. The main advantage of using the FPGA is that the fabrication of the software code at Register Transfer Level can be done and hence the desired IC having specific functionality can be fabricated. The aim of the project is to launch an economical product in the industry which can not only maintain voltage regulation but also improve the robustness of the DC micro-grid.

Project Objectives

• Implementation of Digital Control System in FPGA.

• Implementation of Digital Sliding Mode Control in DC micro-grids.

• Equal Load Sharing in DC micro-grids using FPGA.

Project Implementation Method

• Acquisition of Voltage and Current Samples and taking average of ten samples.

• Setting the reference voltages for error computation.

• Computing the sliding surface and passing the computed value through signum function.

• Applying the control law on the result of signum function.

• Applying the control law in outer loop for voltage regulation.

Benefits of the Project

• Less hardware circuitry as compared to analogue controllers.

• Fast, accurate and robust as compared to conventional PID controllers.

• Software portion can be fabricated in to IC and used conveniently.

• Digital controllers occupy less space in grids as compared to analogue controllers.

• Equal load sharing ensures continuity of supply to the consumers in case of source blackout.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

• Developing digital prototypes for micro-grids and their practical applications.

• Developing digital control strategy for operating grids.

• Practical implementation of load sharing using digital sliding mode control technique.

• Ensure stability, robustness and equal load sharing among different sources.

Final Deliverable of the Project Hardware SystemType of Industry Energy Technologies OthersSustainable Development Goals Affordable and Clean EnergyRequired Resources

Item Name	Type	No. of Units	Per Unit Cost (in Rs)	Total (in Rs)
			Total in (Rs)	80000
DC micro-grid setup	Equipment	5	6000	30000
IC fabrication	Equipment	2	15000	30000
PCB	Equipment	5	2000	10000
Miscellaneous	Miscellaneous	1	10000	10000