Energy Management System Of Solar Generation

The conventional sources of energy(fossil fuels) are depleting rapidly, so it is necessary to relay on renewable energy sources as well.The development of renewable generation continues to increase all over the world and playing an essential role in economic and social development. With the creation

Project Title

Energy Management System Of Solar Generation

Project Area of Specialization

Wearables and Implantable

Project Summary

The conventional sources of energy(fossil fuels) are depleting rapidly, so it is necessary to relay on renewable energy sources as well.The development of renewable generation continues to increase all over the world and playing an essential role in economic and social development. With the creation of sustainable electricity, society will be able to maintain economic growth and social progress while protecting the environment and conserving the natural resources. In the developing country such as Pakistan, the electricity is not available in many remotely located areas. One of the reasons of unavailability of electricity in rural area is the lack of transmission and distribution system existence. For such area, renewables generation, particularly a photovoltaic generation system, is an effective and economical source of electricity generation.In the propose project, a power generation system will be developed using photovoltaic (PV) technology for an isolated load. An isolated load or network is usually located at remote location which is not connected with the main grid, therefore the load demand cannot be balanced in the straight forward way. In the proposed project, a suitable power balancing scheme will be developed to manage the load connected with PV generation unit.

The control unit will be able to operate in two different mode. In the first mode, the system will be operated to determine the V-I characteristic of the PV panel and record it in the datalogger. The V-I characteristic enables the record of solar radiation. In this mode, a load will not be connected. In the second mode, the system is operated to supply the required power to the connected load. The change in the power demand of the load is fulfilled with the coordination between PV generation and battery storage unit. The system will contain a bi-directional DC-DC converter to supply the load from the battery when the power generation from PV is less or charge the battery if PV generation excessed the load demand. Additionally, a dynamic braking resistor will be installed to dissipate excess energy. Both, AC and DC load will be considered in the design.

The system will be developed in modular form which can be expanded to integrate other renewable source such as wind.

Project Objectives

The aim of the project is to design and develop a renewable power generation system using PV technology for an isolated load. The following objectives are expected to be achieved:

• Design and development of electrical power generation system using PV technology.
• Design and development of bi-directional dc-dc convertor.
• Development of power management scheme.
• Control scheme development for solar panel V-I characteristic identification.

Furthermore, the project objectives are inline of 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and cover the following goals:

• The PV generation system will produce modern, affordable, and sustainable energy (Goal 7).
• The knowledge of modernized technique of power generation from renewables will create the new businesses and employment opportunity (Goal 8).
• The power generation from PV100% CO2 free which will contribute to cater the climate changes (Goal 13).

Project Implementation Method

The overall scheme of the proposed hybrid renewable power management system is given in Figure 1. The system consists of PV and wind power generating units and a utility grid as hybrid electrical sources. These three generating units are connected to a DC power pool over the required converters. A backup battery group is also connected to PV system in order to store the extra generated solar power when all generated power from the PV is not delivered to the load. AC load types are considered in the system and they are connected to AC power bus, which is fed from the common DC power pool. Data collected from source side and load side is transferred to a computer to be evaluated for decision making process of the power management system.

In order to solve sustainability and power quality problems, the power transfer from the renewable sources to load must be managed in a proper way. Therefore a PMA system has been designed to prevent power discontinuity and overvoltage and undervoltage operations so that the loads operate properly. The power management system is automated in an efficient way by switching on or off the sources and backup units. For example, if the wind power is sufficient enough to feed the load, then there is no need for the auxiliary sources of PV, backup batteries, and the utility. If the wind power decreases, the gap is filled by PV first, then batteries, and then the utility. The overgenerated power is stored and used only when needed.

The overall energy generation system established experimentally can be seen in Figure 7. In this system, the electrical power is generated by wind generator and PV solar panels. The utility is reserved as an auxiliary source to be used when needed. The power from the PV system is used to supply power to the load when the wind power is not sufficient and to charge the batteries when there is sufficient wind and sun power. Data collected from various parts of the overall system is transferred to the computer to be analyzed.

Benefits of the Project

 Save Thousands of Dollars

According to One Block Off the Grid, adding solar panels to your home can bring in monthly savings of well above $100 in many states. Extend this to two decades, less than the length of a typical solar panel warranty, and this translates to over $30,000. In Hawaii, residents save on average $64,000 the first 20 years!

Many homeowners choose to finance their solar panels with one of the “pay-as-you-go” financing options. This means that a third-party company – the solar provider – owns the solar system and takes care of installation, maintenance, monitoring and repairs. You simply pay the solar provider for electricity – less than you would`ve paid the utility company.

If you choose to pay in cash, the payback period is in many cases less than ten years. In Hawaii, it takes homeowners on average 5 years before the monthly savings (in terms of lower electricity costs) meets the total costs of the solar system.

Buying a home with solar panels translates into lower electricity costs. Solar panels will increase a home`s attractiveness on the market, similarly to homes with low property taxes, homes in school districts and homes with good Home Energy Ratings (a measurement of a energy efficiency).

As of 2009, the $2,000 cap on the Federal Solar Tax Credit is lifted. You will get 30% of total system costs back (equipment and installation). This means you would save $7,500 on a solar system worth $25,000. Combine this with state and local rebates, Solar Renewable Energy Credits (SRECs), and total costs can be cut in half. Take advantage of incentives while they last.

Data from One Block Off the Grid shows that the average solar home in New Jersey earns between $5,000 and $7,000 by selling their SREC credits every year.

To find out what state and local incentives apply to you (they can vary between ZIP codes), you should signup for free solar guidance.

With solar panels and simple math, we can calculate how much electricity will be generated, and most importantly, at what price, for at least the next 20 years (fixed energy costs).

We know that the majority of homeowners choose to go solar because it makes good sense from a financial point of view. That being said, the environmental benefits are also clearly worth mentioning.

The U.S. places second in the world in annual carbon dioxide emissions at 17.9%, right behind China.[3] You can go a long way in lowering your carbon footprint by replacing utility power with clean electricity from solar panels.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

photovoltaic (PV) technology for an isolated load. An isolated load or network is usually located at remote location which is not connected with the main grid, therefore the load demand cannot be balanced in the straight forward way. In the proposed project, a suitable power balancing scheme will be developed to manage the load connected with PV generation unit.

The control unit will be able to operate in two different mode. In the first mode, the system will be operated to determine the V-I characteristic of the PV panel and record it in the datalogger. The V-I characteristic enables the record of solar radiation. In this mode, a load will not be connected. In the second mode, the system is operated to supply the required power to the connected load. The change in the power demand of the load is fulfilled with the coordination between PV generation and battery storage unit. The system will contain a bi-directional DC-DC converter to supply the load from the battery when the power generation from PV is less or charge the battery if PV generation excessed the load demand. Additionally, a dynamic braking resistor will be installed to dissipate excess energy. Both, AC and DC load will be considered in the design.

The system will be developed in modular form which can be expanded to integrate other renewable source such as wind.

. For such area, renewables generation, particularly a photovoltaic generation system, is an effective and economical source of electricity generation.In the propose project, a power generation system will be developed using photovoltaic (PV) technology for an isolated load. An isolated load or network is usually located at remote location which is not connected with the main grid, therefore the load demand cannot be balanced in the straight forward way. In the proposed project, a suitable power balancing scheme will be developed to manage the load connected with PV generation unit.

Generation of solar energy has tremendous scope in pakistan. The geographical location of the country stands to its benefit for generating solar energy. The reason being pakistan is a tropical country and it receives solar radiation almost throughout the year, which amounts to 3,000 hours of sunshine. This is equal to more than 5,000 trillion kWh. Almost, all parts of India receive 4-7 kWh of solar radiation per sq metres. This is equivalent to 2,300–3,200 sunshine hours per year. Since majority of the population live in rural areas, there is much scope for solar energy being promoted in these areas. Use of solar energy can reduce the use of firewood and dung cakes by rural household. Many large projects have been proposed of some of them are: i).Thar Desert  has best solar power projects, estimated to generate 700 to 2,100 GW, aims at 1,000 MW of solar energy generation,

Final Deliverable of the Project

Hardware System

Type of Industry

Energy

Technologies

Others

Sustainable Development Goals

Affordable and Clean Energy

Required Resources

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