DESIGN OF THREE PHASE DISTRIBUTION LINE PROTECTION SCEHEME

Project Title

DESIGN OF THREE PHASE DISTRIBUTION LINE PROTECTION SCEHEME

Project Area of Specialization Electrical/Electronic EngineeringProject Summary

The faults in overhead distribution lines are easy to detect, as the faults can be seen clearly. For example, when a tree falls on the line any pole is damaged and the conductor impaired to the ground.

The location of faults is usually done by circuit detaching or some time circuit is under power there are different techniques to detect faults such as Murray loop/ Blavier test using current and voltage measurement at the end of cables. Also by tracer method. This work on inspection on the length of cable. The terminal method locates the general fault in the prescribed area along a long cable. In a general wiring system, a time-domain reflectometer used for the location of the fault. At low voltage insulation fault is not detected easily, the high energy applies using a “thumper” test set high voltage pulse provide the cable. Discharge at the fault produces sound. The fault is located by listening to this sound this test damage at the cable site practically it is re insulated due to fault location. In a distribution system with high resistance, the system operation remains to continues after a feeder develops a fault to ground. The faulted but feeder can be connected with a ring-type current transformer for the collection of phase lines for easy detection of ground-fault current.

Project Objectives

In this project, we are going to model the distribution system and design its protection scheme (differential protection, overcurrent protection, overvoltage protection, fault location detection, and ground faults) using a microcontroller and IoT.

We intend the following qualities in it

• Reliable
• Make it smart
• Time saver
• More secure
• More economical than other distribution systems.
• Integrity with advanced technology

Project Implementation Method

The following methodology will use to model and design the protection scheme of the distribution line.

• Develop and design the distribution line model using literature.
• Fault generation in the system
• Software simulation
• Hardware implementation 
• Experiments and validation

Benefits of the Project

This project makes the distribution system more reliable and smart, and it can be easily implementable in all DESCOs.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

This project-based on three-phase distribution lines. In this project,  we will create different types of faults to check the reliability and response time of the protection system. The instrument transformers sense the voltage and current and fed it to the controller. The differential protection scheme also used to protect the transformer and distribution lines. The controller will generate the control signal for switching of different relays depending upon the situation. The proposed methodology makes the distribution system more reliable and smart. 

Final Deliverable of the Project HW/SW integrated systemCore Industry Energy Other Industries IT Core Technology Internet of Things (IoT)Other Technologies OthersSustainable Development Goals Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure, Sustainable Cities and CommunitiesRequired Resources

Item Name	Type	No. of Units	Per Unit Cost (in Rs)	Total (in Rs)
			Total in (Rs)	55550
Instrument Transformers	Equipment	3	500	1500
Controller	Equipment	3	2500	7500
Power supply	Equipment	2	5000	10000
Relays	Equipment	20	150	3000
Power resistor	Equipment	20	100	2000
LCD	Equipment	3	750	2250
MOSFET	Equipment	30	70	2100
Cables	Equipment	1	2000	2000
Wifi Module	Equipment	2	750	1500
Electrical load	Equipment	10	150	1500
Capacitors	Equipment	30	40	1200
Miscellaneous	Miscellaneous	1	10000	10000
Transformer	Equipment	6	1000	6000
Switches and Electric board	Equipment	4	250	1000
3D printing	Equipment	1	4000	4000