Design and Implementation of Autonomous Electric Vehicle

With the increase in vehicles on road number of accidents is also increasing day by day. Human error is the main reason behind these accidents. With the advancement in technology many developed countries are working on intelligent transportation systems and vehicles to improve safety and mobility. M

Project Title

Design and Implementation of Autonomous Electric Vehicle

Project Area of Specialization

Robotics

Project Summary

With the increase in vehicles on road number of accidents is also increasing day by day. Human error is the main reason behind these accidents. With the advancement in technology many developed countries are working on intelligent transportation systems and vehicles to improve safety and mobility. Many international technology companies like Google, Cruise, Zoox and Tesla are hugely investing their resources on Autonomous Vehicles (AV). Considering these trends we’ve proposed the project titled “design and Implementation of Autonomous Electric Vehicle”. A basic AV model will be designed and implemented in this project, which will be a very useful research for transportation and industrial sector. This model will also be an important step towards safe and intelligent transportation in Pakistan as it has huge potential for road safety and better mobility solution. Secondly, this model is based on electric powered motors. This specific feature of our project handles the rising problem of global warming. As almost all the vehicles in Pakistan uses fuel that results in environmental pollution. All the components used in this project are electric powered. The project involves different sensors mounted on top of the vehicle model which will gather information about its surroundings and sends the collected data about environment to the computing devices for further actions. The computing devices based on the designed algorithm will made intelligent decisions for autonomous driving. The model would be connected to a mobile App for giving the initial and final positions.

Project Objectives

• To design a model of autonomous electric vehicle using different sensors.
• To gather information about surroundings using sensors like GPS, LiDAR, IMU and deliver the collected data to development board for further functioning.
• To give coordinates through android application using GPS to microcontroller and our model will follow the reference trajectory.

Project Implementation Method

Presently, in the event that we talk about the working model of self-driving vehicle which is equipped for covering distance between two desired areas with no driver whether it'll bended way or straight way. To implement this goal the fundamental components used are sensors i.e GPS, IMU and LiDAR. Along with these sensors Arduino and Raspberry Pi are the two computing resources that would be used for decision making and processing. Firstly, the sensors that are mounted on the top of our vehicle model will gather information about the surroundings of vehicle. LiDAR is one of the sensor proposed to be used in this project. It emits thousands of rays per second and these rays collide with the surrounding objects of the autonomous vehicle and then reflect back. The time taken by rays to collide with the object and reflect back to sensor estimates the distance between the vehicle and object which helps to avoid any accident. The information given by sensor will further delivered to microcontrollers Respberry Pie and it'll instruct the Arduino to take the required actions according to coding installed in Arduino. We'll give coordinates through android application using GPS to microcontroller and our model will follow the reference trajectory to reach its desired location.

Benefits of the Project

The autonomous vehicle we proposed will benefit the humans in this way that they support different features like sensing the surroundings and the environment, taking the timely and sudden decisions which cannot be made by humans and results in big accidents. Moreover, these cars can navigate without human input by maintaining safe mobility patterns on road. In other words, these are computer controlled cars that can guide and familiarize itself with surroundings, make decisions and can operate itself fully without any human intervention. As population increases it creates a stressful impact on our infrastructure of transport and ranging from roads to fuel stations and parking spaces etc. In these conditions intelligent transportation in form of self-driving vehicles are perfect addition in order to overcome these issues.

An autonomous vehicle also provide infotainment to the passengers as they can perform other stuff rather than driving. They can sleep during long routes but if he does on manual vehicle it can cause him some serious injuries or even death. Moreover, Autonomous vehicles provide new mobility opportunities for groups of people that thus far have been partially or entirely excluded from participation in public life due to mobility restrictions.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

At first we are focused on implementing a four wheeled electric vehicle model. It consists of four electric motors controlled through a motor driver circuit. The motor driver circuit will receive its control signals from the microcontroller (Arduino). Secondly, Global Positioning System (GPS) sensor will be used to track a predefined trajectory. Longitudinal and lateral control algorithms will be implemented on the model to track the reference trajectory in an efficient way. For estimation purposes Least Square or Kalman Filter algorithm would be implemented using GPS and Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU). LiDAR sensor would also be used for the purpose of object detection and environment perception. Raspberry Pi board will also be used in this project as a master device which will communicate with the Arduino (slave device). Raspberry Pi would help us including Artificial Intelligence (AI) in our Model. As it supports python and most of the AI libraries are written in python programming language. Furthermore, it has an operating system unlike Arduino that will help us run multiple processes as a time. Raspberry Pi will be very important if we attach a camera with our model. If we achieve our basic goals of interfacing GPS, IMU and LiDAR and left with some time. Camera would also be interfaced in this model for basic object classification.

Final Deliverable of the Project

Hardware System

Core Industry

Transportation

Other Industries

IT , Manufacturing , Others

Core Technology

Robotics

Other Technologies

Artificial Intelligence(AI), Others

Sustainable Development Goals

Decent Work and Economic Growth, Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure, Climate Action

Required Resources

If you need this project, please contact me on contact@adikhanofficial.com