Design and Development Of Low Cost Semi-Automated Detachable Wheelchair

Project Title

Design and Development Of Low Cost Semi-Automated Detachable Wheelchair

Project Area of Specialization Mechatronics EngineeringProject Summary

This wheelchair is economical and it’s not brittle as it was an idea inspired by many of our survey participants. Also, most of the people having wheelchair are not feasible for bumps and jolts and for terrain areas. For these kind of specific needs, the design shall be well fabricated and over-come all the basic problems and also fulfil all the needs and conditions of the customers. As, the public transportation not being available the user can not travel a large distance. For this purpose, the motorized wheel chair is needed to aid this problem. It will replace human power limitations e.g when a load has to be carried, overcoming hills and steeps. With the help of a motor these barriers can be broken. The power drive assembly is a separable unit of the wheelchair and hence can be removed anytime according to the need. An extra pair of front wheels of the manually operated wheel chair are lifted by the stand of the frame, specifically designed to remove the interference of the wheels coupled to the wheelchair for an imminent use of the device. The main feature is to couple the wheelchair with the wheel chair frame with the help of wheel lock for the effective locking, so that it can combine and form at least one manually operated wheel chair. The advantage of this wheel lock is the conversation of the wheelchair between powered and manually operated wheelchair. It consists of a hub motor on the front of the frame commonly known as a detachable hub. For less amount of power to be utilized and a large amount of distance travelled. The Criteria of the proposed project is that it has to be light weighted, climbing ability, user needs, better aerodynamics and convenient. People who are disable or aged, face difficulties and requires help from others in moving. So these sufferer requires a wheelchair. In case of accident or any emergency the patient faces difficulties in contacting their guardians. So to solve this obstacle, a connection on wheelchair can be established. This effort requires a model to develop on Arduino UNO with the help of GSM module, gyro scope, Bluetooth & GPS. These devices as a whole are used for the help of patient in any unwanted situation or condition, it generates a signal through the connected Arduino and send it to GSM module and the guardian will receive the designated co-ordinates through text message or call regarding the patient’s location.

A detachable and compatible battery is used for the operation of the motor and emergency vaults. We also have used a small concept of using solar powered energy as an energy source.

Project Objectives

Our aim is to develop a Low Cost Detachable Semi-Automated Wheelchair. In order to achieve this aim, few objectifies are set, which are as followings:

• To provide a user-friendly mechanism to turn into Detachable wheelchair.
• To design and develop lost semi-automated detachable wheelchair.
• To provide with an emergency vault. The use of the emergency vault would be to provide the caretaker or they guardian of the user with the information.
• To design a wheelchair with detachable batteries for traveling long distance.
• To offer an ability to change over a presentation situated tricycle for debilitate clients without the need toget out the seat.

Project Implementation Method

The whole project will be implemented via three crucial stages:

1. Mechanical Design
2. Electrical Design
3. Attachment to wheelchair

These three steps can be further clarified by the following block diagram:

Mechanical Design of Semi-Automated Detachable Wheelchair made out of front wheel, tire, brake, chain, electric engine, battery, battery meter, quickening agent, handlebars, support switches and association part to wheelchair (interfacing the component with manual wheelchair). Also, the association part (use to amass to the front piece of wheelchair) is versatile to make an impeccably association with any wheelchair.

One of the basic electronic component of Semi-Automated Detachable Wheelchair is hub motor, a hub motor is an electrical motor joined to the wheels of a vehicle. It is commonly used in electric bicycle. The most commonly used hub motor is Brushless DC motor owing to its high torque to weight ratio. Hub motor will be used to power the semi-automated detachable wheelchair. The device can be easily controlled by using the concept of a normal motorcycle, speed can be controlled through the amount of electricity supplied to the hub motor.

Another component of semi-automated detachable wheelchair is the battery, the batteries would be being used on the concept of detachable batteries. Powerful batteries would be used so to give the proper amount of power required. The work of the batteries is to keep the hub motor running as well as to keep all the sensors and emergency vault active. The batteries can be charged by a custom charger that would be provided with the wheelchair assembly. It can be charged through normal 220V supply that we receive at home.

For the power backup we will be using solar sheets that would keep the sensors active at all time. In case of power drainage will the solar sheets be used but the power generated by the solar sheet would not support the hub motor. Emergency vault is only there for the status of the user at any given time and can easily be accessed by the caretaker of the patient at any time through a custom application. Three step ignition system would be used, and small components like speed display, battery power display, and basic statistic status of the device would always be displayed on screen. The idea is to make our device as easy to be as it can be no complication are used so it can be easily handled.

Benefits of the Project

For the handicapped individuals who utilize manual wheel seat  regularly experience shoulder torment because of directing wheel seat with just the upper appendage muscles for quite a while. If should arise an occurrence of moderately rapid on different territory after simple establishment utilizing a connecter, the mechanical burdens are consistently applied to the interfacing parts between manual wheel seat and electric hand bicycle, And the resultant power amassed at the associating parts is resolved to influence the basic security of interfacing parts. An extraordinary type of expanding physical action, cycling additionally saves weight-bearing joints by being low-sway. With innovative designing advances, individuals from the incapacitated network may now additionally take an interest in the game.

The Semi-computerized separable wheelchair spares time on short day by day excursions and let’s to appreciate the new portability in urban territories or the open country, going on long excursions, touring or just sharing a wonderful stroll. With its structure and 16" wheel, the separable instrument with manual wheelchair are incredibly conservative. It’s ideal size make it top notch for getting around with total opportunity and solace in tight spaces. And all while as yet having the option to effortlessly isolate the semi-mechanized wheelchair and still appreciate the solace of your manual wheelchair in certain settings, as inside a working office or your own home, this should be possible with the Semi-robotized separable wheelchair. At whatever point we need, we can disengage the semi-computerized separable wheelchair in under the time it takes an individual with no handicap to jump on or off a front component. Indeed, even clients with serious wounds can connect and disengage our Semi computerized separable wheelchair from their wheelchairs without assistance.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

The technical details of the project can be detailed as:

• The material used for manufacturing will be aluminium alloy.
• Hub motor will be used to power the wheel chair.
• Solar sheets will be used to give backup battery to the emergency vault.
• Detachable batteries will be used.
• The solid work based project diagram is as the following

• GSM module will be used for tracking.
• GSM module specs.

GSM Module	SIM 900A
Frequency	900 MHz/ 1800MHz
Baud rate (Default)	9600bps
Modem interface	TTL UART
Power requirement	4.5V   to   12V
Current requirement	<590mA
SIM900A operation temperature	-40C to 85C
Weight	40g

• Arduino UNO will be used to interface GSM module.

• Arduino UNO specs

Microcontroller	ATmega328
Operation voltage	5V
Input Voltage (recommended)	7V to 12V
Input Voltage (Limit)	4V to 20V
Digital input output pins	14( 6 provide PWM output)
Analog input	6
DC current per I/O pin	40 mA
DC current for 3.3V pin	50 mA
Flash Memory	32 KB  of which 0.5 KB used by bootloader
SRAM	2Kb
EEPROM	1Kb
Clock Speed	16MHz

• Proximity sensors will be used for better driving experience.
• Core industry  :   Medical
  • Other industries :  Hospitals and Health

GSM Module

Frequency

Baud rate (Default)

Modem interface

Power requirement

Current requirement

SIM900A operation temperature

Weight

Microcontroller

Operation voltage

Input Voltage (recommended)

Input Voltage (Limit)

Digital input output pins

Analog input

DC current per I/O pin

DC current for 3.3V pin

Flash Memory

SRAM

EEPROM

Clock Speed

Final Deliverable of the Project Hardware SystemCore Industry MedicalOther Industries Health Core Technology RoboticsOther Technologies OthersSustainable Development Goals Good Health and Well-Being for PeopleRequired Resources

Microcontroller	ATmega328
Operation voltage	5V
Input Voltage (recommended)	7V to 12V
Input Voltage (Limit)	4V to 20V
Digital input output pins	14( 6 provide PWM output)
Analog input	6
DC current per I/O pin	40 mA
DC current for 3.3V pin	50 mA
Flash Memory	32 KB  of which 0.5 KB used by bootloader
SRAM	2Kb
EEPROM	1Kb
Clock Speed	16MHz