Design and Development of Flat Plate Solar Water Heater with Forced Circulation

Project Title

Design and Development of Flat Plate Solar Water Heater with Forced Circulation

Project Area of Specialization Mechanical EngineeringProject Summary

A roof top solar water heater will be developed with stroage tank for the purpose of hot water supply in the winter. seperate pump will  be used for circulation.

Working Principle of solar water heater:

When the solar radiation are transferred to glazing material the absorber plate i.e, solar collectors captures the radiation and convert solar radiation into heat and then this  heat transferred to working fluid mostly water or air. Due to this principle the cold water becomes hot.

This project will be developed specially for Islamabad climate as the solar water heater parameters are chagned with location and weather and their design specifications also changes.

As the conventional fule demand are increasing day by day and there are limited sources of conventional fuel or energy in Pakistan. As the fossile fuels demand increases the electricity demand also getting higher.

The main objective of this project is to utilized renewable energy sources to overcome the demand of the fossile fuels to some extent and to crisp the industry towards solar energy sources.

By using solar energy we can safe our hot water expenses by 70-80% annually 

Project Objectives Main objective:

1) The mian objective of this project is to design and development of flat plate solar water heater with forced circulation.

2) The one and foremost objective of this project to developed an efficient solar water heater with maximum efficiency and minimum heat losses.

3) The development of an efficient low cost flat plate solar water heater.

4) The one of the important objective of this project is to provide unlimited supply of  safe and renewable energy.

5) To design and developed solar water heater with minimum cost and better efficeincy.

6) To provide neat and clean energy that can be affordable to maximum people.

7) One of the important parameters of this project to diminish harmful gasses that produced from other sources of the energy like, petrolium and natural gas resources.

8) To reduced the water heating billing by 70-80% annually

9) The objective of this project  to crisp the industries towards solar energy sources.

10) The main objective of this project is to use renewable energy sources to heat water rather than electricity for heating.

Project Implementation Method Implementation method:

• First of all the complete design calculation is completed and literature review is going along side.
• After completing design calculation we select the most appropriate materials that is suitable for application type
• After that we will do optimization of the tube spacing and diameters of copper tubes using ANSYS Fluient .
• Hereafter we will make complete software model on Solidwork
• After that we will start our manufacturing for physical prototype.
• By completing the manufacturing we will go through do experiment and will take observations 
• After that the experimental results will compare with software results
• the experimental model will be validated with analytical results.
• After that the final documentation will be prepared.

Benefits of the Project Benefits:

1) The most useful benefits of this project is to save water heating billing by 70-80% per annual.

2) The important benefit of this project is that solar energy is present in the abundance amount and free of cost so that we can use it without any hesitation 

3) One of  the foremost benefit of this project is that we use neat and clean energy that has no harmful effects on both human beings and atmosphere.

4) The atmost benefit of this project is that we use hot water for many purposes like for dish washing, bathing loundary and many other purposes.

5) The solar water heater are also used in industrial level with very heavy system installed.

6) The important benefit of this project is that it required only initial cost and than it runs very long time without any serious damage to it.

7) The main reason to use solar water heater is that it require a little maintenance and its life span is in between 35-40% depend upon the material being used in the solar water heater.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable Final Deliverable:

1)The final deliverables consist of physical unit of solar water heater with stroage tank ,circulating pump and control unit.

2) In final deliverable physical model of an efficient flat plat solar water heater with forced circulation will be given with complete unit.

3)The 10 gallon prototype physical unit will be constructed

4) The design calculation for 30 and 50 gallon water will also be include in our final deliverables.

5) Complete design ,its material , and cost of 30 and 50 gallon system will also be the part of the project.

6) Automatic control system will be given for prototype and for rest of the project.

7) Software model will also be our final de liverable.

8) Different spacing between copper tube and copper tube shapes ANSYS analysis simulation results will be included.

9) Thermal analysis of the ANSYS will be shown. 

10) There may be a research article for our project in deliverables.

Final Deliverable of the Project Hardware SystemCore Industry Energy Other Industries Others Core Technology Clean TechOther Technologies OthersSustainable Development Goals Affordable and Clean EnergyRequired Resources

Item Name	Type	No. of Units	Per Unit Cost (in Rs)	Total (in Rs)
			Total in (Rs)	54700
Copper Tube	Equipment	10	1000	10000
PVC Pipes	Equipment	6	400	2400
Heat Exchanger	Equipment	1	4000	4000
Storage Tank	Equipment	1	3500	3500
Insulation material	Equipment	3	1200	3600
Circulating Pump	Equipment	1	4000	4000
Wood	Equipment	1	3500	3500
Glazing Material	Equipment	1	4000	4000
Temperature sensor	Equipment	4	500	2000
Rotameter	Equipment	2	750	1500
Differential controller	Equipment	1	3000	3000
Ardunio	Equipment	2	800	1600
Welding	Equipment	1	5000	5000
Printing	Miscellaneous	4	550	2200
overheads	Miscellaneous	2	1000	2000
stationery	Miscellaneous	3	800	2400