Demand side management based on load scheduling and power shedding by using smart grid
Smart grid is a system that provides the facility of having two way communication in between the consumer's loads and electric power generating companies. Demand side management is the key component of smart grids. In our FYP we are going to make a smart city model in which we provide effecient way
2025-06-28 16:31:07 - Adil Khan
Demand side management based on load scheduling and power shedding by using smart grid
Project Area of Specialization Shared EconomyProject SummarySmart grid is a system that provides the facility of having two way communication in between the consumer's loads and electric power generating companies. Demand side management is the key component of smart grids. In our FYP we are going to make a smart city model in which we provide effecient way for demand side management to distribute power from feeders to the consumers with the help of eight feeder switching. Moreover, the smart city will be capable of detecting the faults and the location of the faults, if suppose fault occurs in any feeder in the system. A smart city of eight feeders is made, if the supply is insufficient to meet the demand we perform switching of feeders interchangeably.. Initially one feeder switching is done, if the power is further not ample to meet the demand then the number of feeder switching is increased. One feeder is given the continuous supply which is supplied by the renewable energy and is connected to the industrial load which need not be disturbed at any cost.
This project comprises of hardware as well as software model. Hardware is implemented with the help of PLC, AC voltage sensor, ACS current sensor, 8 channel relay module, Arduino mega, LCD, LED, dc motors, dc fans, bulbs, switches and wires. Whereas hardware is implemented with the help of PLC for demand side management technique and Arduino for fault detection technique.
Project Objectives- To simulate the program of load management by using PLC.
- To simulate the program for fault detection by using Arduino.
- To design hardware of proposed system.
Detailed study of the topic: With the help of detailed study on the smart grid and past work done the smart grid, we decided the topic and the objective of our FYP.
Software implementation: In this step we are going to implement the software simulation of both load management technique with the help of PLC and fault detection technique with the help of Arduino.
Component selection: In this step we are going to select the components required for the FYP such as PLC, current and voltage sensors, 8 channel relay module, arduino mega, LCD, LED, switches, dc fans, dc motors and bulbs.
Hardware schematics: In this part we are making the harware prototype of a smart city in which we provide demand side management with PLC programming and fault detection is also provided in the city to know the location of the fault with the help of PLC, current and voltage sensors, 8 channel relay module, arduino mega, LCD, LED, switches, dc fans, dc motors and bulbs
Merge hardware and software: In this final step we merged the hardware and software as whole and finalize the FYP after rechechking the errors.
Benefits of the ProjectThis FYP is very beneficial and cost-effective project. Costumers get benefit by spending less amount on electricity bills by shifting electricty usage from times when the demand is highest to the times when the energy is cheapest. This also reduces the need to build new power plants.Finally, the demand side management can benefit the environment by increasing the use of renewable energy when it is available and reduce fossil fuel usage.
Technical Details of Final DeliverablePLC DELTA EPV 24ES: Programabble logic controller is an industrial solid state computer that monitors the input and output, and makes logic based decisions for automated process or machines. In this FYP we are using this for automation and for sequential control.
ZMPT 101B AC voltage sensor (500 by 8): We are using ZMPT101B voltage sensor module, which is a voltage sensor made from ZMPT101B voltage transformer. It has high accuracy voltage consistency for voltage and power measurement.
ACS 712 current sensor (450 by 8): ACS 712 current sensor is based on the principle of halll-effect, in this FYP we are using it to measure the current through the device or circuit and generate an aprpropriate signal that is proportional to the current that is measure and give these signals to the arduino.
8 Channel relay module: This 8 channel relay module interface is used to control various appliances providing a lot of protection on the inputs from the electrical faults on the outputs. we are using it for a simple and convenient way to interface 8 relays for switching application in our project.
Arduino mega: Arduino is an electronic equipment used for both hardware and software. Arduino board here in this FYP is used to sense the inputs from the current and voltage sensors and give those to LCD.
LCD (20 by 4): LCDs are used to show the output of the arduino.
LED, Bulbs, Fan and Motor: these all components are used for different types of loads i.e. Industrial, commercial, residential and irrigation.
Final Deliverable of the Project HW/SW integrated systemType of Industry Others Technologies OthersSustainable Development Goals Good Health and Well-Being for People, Affordable and Clean Energy, Responsible Consumption and ProductionRequired Resources| Item Name | Type | No. of Units | Per Unit Cost (in Rs) | Total (in Rs) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total in (Rs) | 70170 | |||
| PLC DELTA EPV 24ES | Equipment | 1 | 15000 | 15000 |
| ZMPT 101B voltage sensor | Equipment | 8 | 3000 | 24000 |
| ACS 712 current sensor | Equipment | 8 | 2600 | 20800 |
| 8 Channel relay module | Equipment | 1 | 500 | 500 |
| Arduino Mega | Equipment | 1 | 1200 | 1200 |
| DC fan | Equipment | 6 | 500 | 3000 |
| DC motor | Equipment | 6 | 350 | 2100 |
| LCD (20 BY 4) | Equipment | 1 | 500 | 500 |
| 12V LED | Equipment | 4 | 180 | 720 |
| 100watt Bulb | Equipment | 3 | 50 | 150 |
| Switch | Equipment | 8 | 50 | 400 |
| Wooden Board | Miscellaneous | 1 | 850 | 850 |
| Hard cardboard sheets | Miscellaneous | 30 | 15 | 450 |
| Stationary | Miscellaneous | 1 | 500 | 500 |