Comparative Analysis of Dual Axis Solar Tracker for Maximum Power
Renewable energy is the energy which comes from natural resources such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides and geothermal heat. These resources are renewable and can be naturally replenished. Therefore, for all practical purposes, these resources can be considered to be inexhaustible, unlike dwindling co
2025-06-28 16:30:52 - Adil Khan
Comparative Analysis of Dual Axis Solar Tracker for Maximum Power
Project Area of Specialization Electrical/Electronic EngineeringProject SummaryRenewable energy is the energy which comes from natural resources such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides and geothermal heat. These resources are renewable and can be naturally replenished. Therefore, for all practical purposes, these resources can be considered to be inexhaustible, unlike dwindling conventional fossil fuels. The global energy crunch has provided a renewed impetus to the growth and development of Clean and Renewable Energy sources. Clean Development Mechanisms (CDMs) are being adopted by organizations all across the globe. Apart from the rapidly decreasing reserves of fossil fuels in the world, another major factor working against fossil fuels is the pollution associated with their combustion. Contrastingly, renewable energy sources are known to be much cleaner and produce energy without the harmful effects of pollution unlike their conventional counterpart.
PROBLEM STATEMENT OF THE PROJECT
A solar panel receives more sunlight when it is perpendicular or parallel to the sun, but the direction of the sunlight is always changes depends on the movement of the sun in a day. Mostly the existed solar panel was installed statically, means that it does not moves to fallow the position of the sun. In addition, most existed solar tracker consist of many components and surely has many failure modes. Besides that it also expensive and moreover it mainly used electric as a power source based on that. This solar tracker system was fabricated in order to solve following problem and decrease the cost.
Project Objectives OBJECTIVESBasically there are four main objectives of the project:
- To design a tracker system that can maximize the utilization of solar energy.
- To develop a prototype of tracker system that can track the moment of the sun.
- By using MPPT as the charge controller to have maximum amount of the power from panel
- By using different shades on solar panel to get analysis for maximum power from the color.
In order to achieve the goal we are planning to implement under-described Steps:
Step-1: Literature Review of the papers discussed in previous mention section.
Step-2. Simulation/Hardware analysis based on the research papers
Step-3. Comparative analysis of Fixed, Single axis and Dual axis Solar tracker for maximum power
Step-4. Comparative analysis of different shades on solar panel.
Benefits of the ProjectThe model shows the comparative analysis of fixed mount, single axis and dual axis solar tracker, and observe the power from solar panel with MPPT and without MPPT.
Following are some benefits:
1.We can improve the efficiency of the system up to 40 %.
2.With the help of MPPT protection of the battery form overcharge and deep discharge is accomplished.
3.Higher degree of flexibility.
4.Allowing for a higher energy output on sunny days.
5.Higher degree of accuracy in directional pointing.
Technical Details of Final DeliverableIn the model, a solar panel of 10watt and 12 volts is taken. The output of the panel is send to the MPPT controller. MPPT is a method for extracting maximum power from PV module and also to protect the battery from overcharging. MPPT charge controller serves two main purpose battery protection and energy metering. A battery of 12 volt has been used for the backup. A microcontroller is used which will control the motor action and will give signals to the LDR. We have used two LDR one for the day and other one for the night. We have used 4 cylindrical proximity sensors, two for the left and right and other two for the up and down. A 6 transistor based single phase inverter is designed to covert the DC power into the AC power.
As the sun rays falls on the solar panel it will generate electricity the generated voltage and current is then send to the MPPT controller where it decrease the voltage so that it can increase the current overall the power that comes from the MPPT will be greater than power that comes from the solar panel. The voltage from MPPT is send to the inverter where it is converter into AC voltage, we have use step up transformer to step up the voltage level form 12 volt to 220 volt.
Final Deliverable of the Project Hardware SystemCore Industry Energy Other IndustriesCore Technology OthersOther TechnologiesSustainable Development Goals Affordable and Clean Energy, Sustainable Cities and Communities, Responsible Consumption and ProductionRequired Resources| Item Name | Type | No. of Units | Per Unit Cost (in Rs) | Total (in Rs) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total in (Rs) | 31300 | |||
| Solar panel of 10watt and 12 volts | Equipment | 1 | 3000 | 3000 |
| Battery of 12 volt (Volta) 2. Battery of 12 volt | Equipment | 1 | 3000 | 3000 |
| LDR | Equipment | 2 | 400 | 800 |
| Cylindrical proximity sensors | Equipment | 4 | 2500 | 10000 |
| ATMEGA-328 | Equipment | 1 | 500 | 500 |
| DC servo motors | Equipment | 2 | 1000 | 2000 |
| Battery Charger | Equipment | 1 | 2000 | 2000 |
| MPPT and PWM modules | Equipment | 1 | 5000 | 5000 |
| Mechanical Structure | Miscellaneous | 1 | 5000 | 5000 |