CNC Mobile Robot
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2025-06-28 16:30:50 - Adil Khan
Project Title
People have utilized machines to add comfort to their lives for decades. Machine tools have been used to improve the overall quality of the finished product and to add a significant amount of precision to the task. Conventional machines have been used to build different parts, which have consumed time and cause inaccuracy, which ultimately affected the overall productivity of an industry. Drill machines are an important machining tool which played a vital role in the field of manufacturing industries. CNC machines are going very popular in recent years because most of the manufacturing industries demand it for better quality. Though, there are many types of CNC drilling machines which are being used in manufacturing industries but all they have limited work-space. CNC is effective in the fabrication of parts, but as far as problem is concerned, CNC machine works only in a limited workspace. This becomes a problem when large parts are to be manufactured, which are way out of range of movements of a normal CNC machine. Therefore, to fulfill this problem, get an to make a CNC Mobile Robot which is portable and omnidirectional i.e.it can move in any direction at any time. It is a CNC Portable robot that can be placed directly on your work surface. Its flexibility makes it much more affordable, both for carpentries and shared workspaces such as fables, school, and universities. CNC Mobile Robot is very interesting in terms of being able to produce very quickly custom designs or more spontaneously to be able to change the ideas and put them into practice as quickly as possible. It is very interesting for its versatility and the boundless working area. Especially due to the size of the machine we don’t have to fix it in one place, so we use it in lots of different areas in the workshop. The low price of CNC mobile robot also makes it famous among all the CNC machines.
Nowadays, CNC Mobile Robot is extremely rare and research in this direction will prove to be quite fruitful as it will open the doors to a wide spectrum of different technologies which could benefit from this field. Compact equipment, as well as variable product sizes, makes this technology ideal for such circumstances, hence saving costs for having multiple sized CNC Machines. CNC Mobile robots can play a significant role in the field of manufacturing industries i.e Aeronautical industry, water pump industries as well as other fields e.g jewelry. Project Objectives Project Objectives
The Project consists of several goals which are to be achieved by the CNC Mobile Robot:
1. Enhancement of Workspace
2. Portable CNC Mobile Device
3. Saving cost on having different CNC Machines Enhancement of Workspace
It is very exciting to see how things make life easier in the workshop or how people can work on the exactness of the products. The idea is to have a lean and simple object that allows us to solve the problems of some manufacturing phases of products. The mechanism of the CNC Mobile Robot has been specifically suited towards making the machine adjust to different sizes. This is particularly useful in machining variable objects. Previously, objects to be manufactured had to go through different machining tools with different workspaces which could prove to be quite hectic if the machining tools are far away from each other. Therefore, to overcome this problem, a portable CNC Mobile Robot and omnidirectional i.e. it can move in any direction at any time. It is not confined to a specific length or area and is free to move around on a flat plane. The significant advantage is that it can make most things at any place. CNC mobile robot utilizes a steerable wheel mechanism to achieve the desired motion of the mobile robot. People can use it anywhere and without constraints of the panel. It can be applied for so many uses and for many purposes, from long wooden boards to different kind of materials. The workspace of the CNC mobile robot is enhanced by converting it from a static position to a movable position.
Portable CNC Mobile Device
Lightweight, as well as mobile, makes the CNC Mobile robot quite easy to be transported from one place to another. Mobile robots are capable to travel around in it's surrounding and are not static to the one real position. Robots can be self-directed which mean they are able to sail in an unrestrained surrounding without the need of real electro-mechanical direction instruments. The size of the CNC mobile robot makes it different from other traditional CNC drilling machines which are fixed and available in large sizes. The different mechanisms like omnidirectional wheels and chain sprocket mechanism make its size smaller and portable. CNC Mobile Robot is very interesting in terms of being able to produce very quickly custom designs or more spontaneously to be able to change the ideas and put them into practice as quickly as possible. Compact hardware makes it portable from remaining traditional technology CNC drilling machines.
Saving Cost on having Different CNC Machines Though traditional CNC machines are well known for its accuracy, they are so much big and costly. CNC mobile robot is compact hardware as well as has a low price. Because of the low price and diversity of workspace, CNC mobile robot is going to be famous regularly. Though it is rare people are moving towards this technology step by step. Project Implementation Method Methodology: The main challenge in the development of CNC mobile robot has the following features:
a. Mechanical Structure
b. Conversion the cartesian coordinate to polar coordinate Mechanical Structure
The robot would be in the shape of a steerable robot which would perform the machining action. The mechanical structure needed to be fabricated would have to withstand the weight of CNC mobile robot to some extent and the cognitive interaction between it and the PC would be di directional. For this, the omnidirectional wheels are used. Mechanical structure needs to be fabricated in fine manufacturing and make its size shorter as it can so that it can be portable.
Conversion the cartesian coordinate to polar coordinate
The robot would be in the polar coordinates so it can move any direction easily. So, it would be needed to convert the tradition cartesian coordinate to polar coordinates. By converting it into polar coordinates, it can be moved through radius or at some angle.
The CNC Mobile robot is a prototype design, but its applications are vast. It uses geometry codes to execute the milling operations through software like universal G-code sender (UGS). An Application has been made which is used to convert Cartesian coordinates G-codes to polar coordinates G-codes. All that data is sent to Microcontroller which reads the data and sends commands to GRBLl shield. The GRBL Shield is a complete hardware solution for CNC motion control system called GRBL. The GRBL shield is easily compatible with our microcontroller. These commands send signals to the driving modules and drive the actuators which are synchronized with steerable wheels. Then these signals help the robot to perform the holonomic motion. Benefits of the Project Benefits:
A very important benefit we obtain through this robot is the diversity of workspace. As it is of very lightweight and a dynamic robot as compared to other traditional CNC machines. For positioning system, we are using a sonar sensor which is very effective in terms of applying methodology and price. It is not a very complex system as compared to others. CNC Mobile robot removes the stationary boundaries typical of flatbed CNC machines, allowing you to create where you want, how you want. There is no limit to the size of your work area and able to move freely on soft materials via its omnidirectional wheels. CNC Mobile robot’s innovative omnidirectional wheel design allows the robot to be placed anywhere on a work surface and then move freely and accurately, cutting as it goes. Its intelligent design solves many of the work area, cost and portability problems associated with traditional CNC machines.
The great advantage of CNC mobile robot is that people can make anything at any place. People can use CNC mobile robot anywhere because of its compact hardware and without constraints of panel or surface dimensions. CNC mobile robot is very easy to learn and apply. It just received the commands in the form of G & M-codes. It works very efficiently and accurately. Applications of CNC mobile robot are drilling, milling and sketching operations. Due to these applications technology makes it preferable from other CNC machines. Technical Details of Final Deliverable Technical Detail:
In final, people want the technology that has the diversity of work-space, low cost over other CNC machines as well as portable. While obtaining these features, CNC mobile robot also needs to have the ability to carry the payload of up to 6kg and perform the drilling, milling and sketching operations.
There will be a need for CNC mobile robot to have a considerable amount of motor torque, Arduino UNO, GRBL shields and high-level programmings like G-code and M-code. CNC mobile robot is a computer numeric device which would require compact and fine manufacturing and design. Therefore, many conventional CNC technologies can’t be used. The equipment needs to be carefully designed. Hence, it would require specific torque of stepper motors, omnidirectional wheels and chain sprocket mechanism for the movement of X-axis and Y-axis. For high-level programming, use the universal G-code sender software which interfaces the hardware with PC. For every movement uses NEMA 17 stepper motor and cables so that these motors interface with the embedded system.
To drive the Nema 17 stepper motor, A4988 module is used.
For distance and center detection, sonar sensor is used. Omnidirectional wheels and sprocket chain mechanism is used for the steerable movement of CNC mobile robot. For the movement of the z-axis, Lead screw mechanism is used with bearings so that the mechanical vibration reduce a little bit. Final Deliverable of the Project Hardware SystemType of Industry Manufacturing Technologies 3D/4D Printing, RoboticsSustainable Development Goals Decent Work and Economic Growth, Responsible Consumption and ProductionRequired Resources
CNC Mobile Robot
Project Area of Specialization RoboticsProject Summary Project Summary:People have utilized machines to add comfort to their lives for decades. Machine tools have been used to improve the overall quality of the finished product and to add a significant amount of precision to the task. Conventional machines have been used to build different parts, which have consumed time and cause inaccuracy, which ultimately affected the overall productivity of an industry. Drill machines are an important machining tool which played a vital role in the field of manufacturing industries. CNC machines are going very popular in recent years because most of the manufacturing industries demand it for better quality. Though, there are many types of CNC drilling machines which are being used in manufacturing industries but all they have limited work-space. CNC is effective in the fabrication of parts, but as far as problem is concerned, CNC machine works only in a limited workspace. This becomes a problem when large parts are to be manufactured, which are way out of range of movements of a normal CNC machine. Therefore, to fulfill this problem, get an to make a CNC Mobile Robot which is portable and omnidirectional i.e.it can move in any direction at any time. It is a CNC Portable robot that can be placed directly on your work surface. Its flexibility makes it much more affordable, both for carpentries and shared workspaces such as fables, school, and universities. CNC Mobile Robot is very interesting in terms of being able to produce very quickly custom designs or more spontaneously to be able to change the ideas and put them into practice as quickly as possible. It is very interesting for its versatility and the boundless working area. Especially due to the size of the machine we don’t have to fix it in one place, so we use it in lots of different areas in the workshop. The low price of CNC mobile robot also makes it famous among all the CNC machines.
Nowadays, CNC Mobile Robot is extremely rare and research in this direction will prove to be quite fruitful as it will open the doors to a wide spectrum of different technologies which could benefit from this field. Compact equipment, as well as variable product sizes, makes this technology ideal for such circumstances, hence saving costs for having multiple sized CNC Machines. CNC Mobile robots can play a significant role in the field of manufacturing industries i.e Aeronautical industry, water pump industries as well as other fields e.g jewelry. Project Objectives Project Objectives
The Project consists of several goals which are to be achieved by the CNC Mobile Robot:
1. Enhancement of Workspace
2. Portable CNC Mobile Device
3. Saving cost on having different CNC Machines Enhancement of Workspace
It is very exciting to see how things make life easier in the workshop or how people can work on the exactness of the products. The idea is to have a lean and simple object that allows us to solve the problems of some manufacturing phases of products. The mechanism of the CNC Mobile Robot has been specifically suited towards making the machine adjust to different sizes. This is particularly useful in machining variable objects. Previously, objects to be manufactured had to go through different machining tools with different workspaces which could prove to be quite hectic if the machining tools are far away from each other. Therefore, to overcome this problem, a portable CNC Mobile Robot and omnidirectional i.e. it can move in any direction at any time. It is not confined to a specific length or area and is free to move around on a flat plane. The significant advantage is that it can make most things at any place. CNC mobile robot utilizes a steerable wheel mechanism to achieve the desired motion of the mobile robot. People can use it anywhere and without constraints of the panel. It can be applied for so many uses and for many purposes, from long wooden boards to different kind of materials. The workspace of the CNC mobile robot is enhanced by converting it from a static position to a movable position.
Portable CNC Mobile Device
Lightweight, as well as mobile, makes the CNC Mobile robot quite easy to be transported from one place to another. Mobile robots are capable to travel around in it's surrounding and are not static to the one real position. Robots can be self-directed which mean they are able to sail in an unrestrained surrounding without the need of real electro-mechanical direction instruments. The size of the CNC mobile robot makes it different from other traditional CNC drilling machines which are fixed and available in large sizes. The different mechanisms like omnidirectional wheels and chain sprocket mechanism make its size smaller and portable. CNC Mobile Robot is very interesting in terms of being able to produce very quickly custom designs or more spontaneously to be able to change the ideas and put them into practice as quickly as possible. Compact hardware makes it portable from remaining traditional technology CNC drilling machines.
Saving Cost on having Different CNC Machines Though traditional CNC machines are well known for its accuracy, they are so much big and costly. CNC mobile robot is compact hardware as well as has a low price. Because of the low price and diversity of workspace, CNC mobile robot is going to be famous regularly. Though it is rare people are moving towards this technology step by step. Project Implementation Method Methodology: The main challenge in the development of CNC mobile robot has the following features:
a. Mechanical Structure
b. Conversion the cartesian coordinate to polar coordinate Mechanical Structure
The robot would be in the shape of a steerable robot which would perform the machining action. The mechanical structure needed to be fabricated would have to withstand the weight of CNC mobile robot to some extent and the cognitive interaction between it and the PC would be di directional. For this, the omnidirectional wheels are used. Mechanical structure needs to be fabricated in fine manufacturing and make its size shorter as it can so that it can be portable.
Conversion the cartesian coordinate to polar coordinate
The robot would be in the polar coordinates so it can move any direction easily. So, it would be needed to convert the tradition cartesian coordinate to polar coordinates. By converting it into polar coordinates, it can be moved through radius or at some angle.
The CNC Mobile robot is a prototype design, but its applications are vast. It uses geometry codes to execute the milling operations through software like universal G-code sender (UGS). An Application has been made which is used to convert Cartesian coordinates G-codes to polar coordinates G-codes. All that data is sent to Microcontroller which reads the data and sends commands to GRBLl shield. The GRBL Shield is a complete hardware solution for CNC motion control system called GRBL. The GRBL shield is easily compatible with our microcontroller. These commands send signals to the driving modules and drive the actuators which are synchronized with steerable wheels. Then these signals help the robot to perform the holonomic motion. Benefits of the Project Benefits:A very important benefit we obtain through this robot is the diversity of workspace. As it is of very lightweight and a dynamic robot as compared to other traditional CNC machines. For positioning system, we are using a sonar sensor which is very effective in terms of applying methodology and price. It is not a very complex system as compared to others. CNC Mobile robot removes the stationary boundaries typical of flatbed CNC machines, allowing you to create where you want, how you want. There is no limit to the size of your work area and able to move freely on soft materials via its omnidirectional wheels. CNC Mobile robot’s innovative omnidirectional wheel design allows the robot to be placed anywhere on a work surface and then move freely and accurately, cutting as it goes. Its intelligent design solves many of the work area, cost and portability problems associated with traditional CNC machines.
The great advantage of CNC mobile robot is that people can make anything at any place. People can use CNC mobile robot anywhere because of its compact hardware and without constraints of panel or surface dimensions. CNC mobile robot is very easy to learn and apply. It just received the commands in the form of G & M-codes. It works very efficiently and accurately. Applications of CNC mobile robot are drilling, milling and sketching operations. Due to these applications technology makes it preferable from other CNC machines. Technical Details of Final Deliverable Technical Detail:
In final, people want the technology that has the diversity of work-space, low cost over other CNC machines as well as portable. While obtaining these features, CNC mobile robot also needs to have the ability to carry the payload of up to 6kg and perform the drilling, milling and sketching operations.
There will be a need for CNC mobile robot to have a considerable amount of motor torque, Arduino UNO, GRBL shields and high-level programmings like G-code and M-code. CNC mobile robot is a computer numeric device which would require compact and fine manufacturing and design. Therefore, many conventional CNC technologies can’t be used. The equipment needs to be carefully designed. Hence, it would require specific torque of stepper motors, omnidirectional wheels and chain sprocket mechanism for the movement of X-axis and Y-axis. For high-level programming, use the universal G-code sender software which interfaces the hardware with PC. For every movement uses NEMA 17 stepper motor and cables so that these motors interface with the embedded system.
To drive the Nema 17 stepper motor, A4988 module is used.For distance and center detection, sonar sensor is used. Omnidirectional wheels and sprocket chain mechanism is used for the steerable movement of CNC mobile robot. For the movement of the z-axis, Lead screw mechanism is used with bearings so that the mechanical vibration reduce a little bit. Final Deliverable of the Project Hardware SystemType of Industry Manufacturing Technologies 3D/4D Printing, RoboticsSustainable Development Goals Decent Work and Economic Growth, Responsible Consumption and ProductionRequired Resources
| Item Name | Type | No. of Units | Per Unit Cost (in Rs) | Total (in Rs) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total in (Rs) | 44320 | |||
| Acrylic frame body(Laser cutting)) | Equipment | 2 | 4000 | 8000 |
| Lead screw | Equipment | 1 | 3000 | 3000 |
| Aluminum | Equipment | 1 | 1000 | 1000 |
| Stepper motor | Equipment | 6 | 1200 | 7200 |
| Arduino UNO | Equipment | 2 | 1000 | 2000 |
| GRBL shield | Equipment | 3 | 500 | 1500 |
| Drill Machine | Equipment | 1 | 2000 | 2000 |
| LiPo Battery | Equipment | 1 | 5000 | 5000 |
| Chain | Equipment | 1 | 1000 | 1000 |
| Sprocket | Equipment | 4 | 400 | 1600 |
| Drill bits | Equipment | 5 | 100 | 500 |
| Hand Tab | Equipment | 5 | 150 | 750 |
| Die | Equipment | 1 | 1000 | 1000 |
| Nuts | Equipment | 12 | 10 | 120 |
| Bolts | Equipment | 30 | 10 | 300 |
| FYP Document File | Miscellaneous | 1 | 1200 | 1200 |
| Proposal Report | Miscellaneous | 1 | 300 | 300 |
| Initial Report | Miscellaneous | 1 | 400 | 400 |
| Updated report | Miscellaneous | 1 | 400 | 400 |
| Final Report | Miscellaneous | 1 | 700 | 700 |
| Weekly Performance Report | Miscellaneous | 30 | 5 | 150 |
| Stepper motor Driver Module | Equipment | 12 | 150 | 1800 |
| Sonar sensor | Equipment | 2 | 400 | 800 |
| Omnidirectional Wheels() nylon | Equipment | 3 | 1200 | 3600 |